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Development of a convolutional neural network based geomechanical upscaling technique for heterogeneous geological reservoir

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2111-2125页

作者： Zhiwei Ma Xiaoyan Ou Bo Zhang Earth and environmental Sciences division Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosUSA Civil and environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonCanada

Geomechanical assessment using coupled reservoir-geomechanical simulation is becoming increasingly important for analyzing the potential geomechanical risks in subsurface geological ***,a robust and efficient geomechanical upscaling technique for heterogeneous geological reservoirs is lacking to advance the applications of three-dimensional(3D)reservoir-scale geomechanical simulation considering detailed geological ***,we develop convolutional neural network(CNN)proxies that reproduce the anisotropic nonlinear geomechanical response caused by lithological heterogeneity,and compute upscaled geomechanical properties from CNN *** CNN proxies are trained using a large dataset of randomly generated spatially correlated sand-shale realizations as inputs and simulation results of their macroscopic geomechanical response as *** trained CNN models can provide the upscaled shear strength(R^(2)>0.949),stress-strain behavior(R^(2)>0.925),and volumetric strain changes(R^(2)>0.958)that highly agree with the numerical simulation results while saving over two orders of magnitude of computational *** is a major advantage in computing the upscaled geomechanical properties directly from geological realizations without the need to perform local numerical simulations to obtain the geomechanical *** proposed CNN proxybased upscaling technique has the ability to(1)bridge the gap between the fine-scale geocellular models considering geological uncertainties and computationally efficient geomechanical models used to assess the geomechanical risks of large-scale subsurface development,and(2)improve the efficiency of numerical upscaling techniques that rely on local numerical simulations,leading to significantly increased computational time for uncertainty quantification using numerous geological realizations.

关键词： Upscaling Lithological heterogeneity Convolutional neural network(CNN) Anisotropic shear strength Nonlinear stressestrain behavior

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Reflections on four decades of physical activity epidemiology

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 608-610页

作者： Barbara Sternfeld David R.Jacobs Jr. division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCA 94610USA division of epidemiology and Community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

In 1985,Public Health Reports published a series of papers prepared for a workshop sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC).1 Building on the seminal work of Jeremy Morris and Ralph Paffenbarger Jr.,who were among the first to use epidemiological methods to study physical activity(PA),2,3 the workshop itself was the result of a growing scientific understanding of the importance of“physical fitness and exercise for improving the health of the public”.

关键词： semi workshop Ralph

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Weight change and all-cause and cause-specific mortality:A 25-year follow-up study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第10期137卷 1169-1178页

作者： Huan Yang Jianbing Wang Xiaokun Wang Wanyi Sun Chenyunhao Tong Jinhu Fan Youlin Qiao Christian *** Department of Cancer epidemiology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Public Health Zhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Children’s HealthHangzhouZhejiang 310058China Metabolic epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteRockvilleMD 20850USA

Background:Whether the dynamic weight change is an independent risk factor for mortality remains *** study aimed to examine the association between weight change and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality based on the Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trial(NIT)***:Body weight of 21,028 healthy residents of Linxian,Henan province,aged 40-69 years was measured two times from 1986 to *** events were prospectively collected up to *** maintenance group(weight change<2 kg)or stable normal weight group was treated as the *** proportional hazard model was performed to calculate hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)to estimate the risk of ***:A total of 21,028 subjects were included in the final *** with the weight maintenance group,subjects with weight loss≥2 kg had an increased risk of death from all-cause(HR_(All-cause)=1.14,95%CI:1.09-1.19,P<0.001),cancer(HR_(Cancer)=1.12,95%CI:1.03-1.21,P=0.009),and heart disease(HR_(Heart diseases)=1.21,95%CI:1.11-1.31,P<0.001),whereas subjects with weight gain≥5 kg had 11%(HR_(Cancer)=0.89,95%CI:0.79-0.99,P=0.033)lower risk of cancer mortality and 23%higher risk of stroke mortality(HR_(Stroke)=1.23,95%CI:1.12-1.34,P<0.001).For the change of weight status,both going from overweight to normal weight and becoming underweight within 5 years could increase the risk of total death(HR_(Overweight to normal)=1.18,95%CI:1.09-1.27;HR_(Becoming underweight)=1.35,95%CI:1.25-1.46)and cancer death(HR_(Overweight to normal)=1.20,95%CI:1.04-1.39;HR_(Becoming underweight)=1.44,95%CI:1.24-1.67),while stable overweight could increase the risk of total death(HR_(Stable overweight)=1.11,95%CI:1.05-1.17)and death from stroke(HR_(Stable overweight)=1.44,95%CI:1.33-1.56).Interaction effects were observed between age and weight change on cancer mortality,as well as between baseline BMI and weight change on all-cause,heart disease,and stroke mortality(all P_(

关键词： Weight change All-cause mortality Cancer Stroke Heart diseases Body mass index

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Greenhouse gas emissions during the COVID-19 pandemic from agriculture in China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第3期11卷 409-427页

作者： Jianing TIAN Chuanhui GU Yanchao BAI division of Natural and Applied Sciences Duke Kunshan University environmental Research Center Duke Kunshan University College of environmental Science and Engineering Yangzhou University

To study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural carbon emissions in China, the greenhouse gas emissions generated by crop and livestock production, and agricultural material and energy inputs in China from 2019 to 2021 were systematically calculated. It was found that from 2019 to 2021, Net greenhouse gas emissions（NGHGE） from agriculture in China had an increasing trend. Methane emissions ranked first in NGHGE, with an annual proportion exceeding 65% and an increasing annual trend. CH4emissions were primarily influenced by enteric fermentation and rice production. Nitrous oxide emissions accounted for around 22% of annual NGHGE and decreased from 2019 to 2021. The main sources of N2O emissions were the use of nitrogen fertilizers and manure management. Carbon dioxide emissions accounted for about 18% annually, with diesel and agricultural electricity use contributing to over 60% of CO2emissions. Soil carbon sequestration represented about a 6.1% lowering of NGHGE. The combined proportion of CH4emissions from enteric fermentation and rice production accounted for over 50% of total GHG emissions. The changes in NGHGE were mainly caused by disturbance of the livestock industry during the pandemic.

关键词： Agricultural systems emission factors greenhouse gases soil carbon sequestration

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Decabromodiphenyl ether induces the chromosome association disorders of spermatocytes and deformation failures of spermatids in mice

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 531-542页

作者： Jinglong Xue Xiangyang Li Yafei Chi Leqiang Gao Yue Zhang Yan Wang Moxuan Zhao Jialiu Wei Zhixiong Shi Xianqing Zhou Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry School of Public HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Beijing Key Laboratory of environmental Toxicology Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Laboratory Animal Center Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular epidemiology&Department of epidemiology Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China

The environmental presence of decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209),which is toxic to the male reproductive system,is *** current study investigated its mechanism of toxicity in *** results showed,that BDE-209 induced DNA damage,decreased the expression of the promoter of meiosis spermatogenesis-and oogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix 1(Sohlh1),meiosis related-factors Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor like 2(L3MBTL2),PIWI-like protein 2(MILI),Cyclin-dependent kinase 2(CDK2),Cyclin A,synaptonemal complex protein 1(SYCP1)and synaptonemal complex protein 3(SYCP3),and caused spermatogenic cell apoptosis,resulting in a decrease in sperm quantity and ***,BDE-209 downregulated the levels of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome(APC/C),increased the expression of PIWI-like protein 1(MIWI)in the cytoplasm of elongating spermatids,and decreased the nuclear levels of RING finger protein 8(RNF8),ubiquitinated(ub)-H2A/ub-H2B,and Protamine 1(PRM1)/Protamine 2(PRM2),while increasing H2A/H2B nuclear levels in *** reproductive toxicity was persistent for 50 days following the withdrawal of BDE-209 *** results suggested that BDE-209 inhibits the initiation of meiosis by decreasing the expression of ***,the reduced expression of L3MBTL2 inhibited the formation of chromosomal synaptonemal complexes by depressing the expression of meiosis regulators affecting the meiotic progression and also inhibited histone ubiquitination preventing the replacement of histones by protamines,by preventing RNF8 from entering nuclei,which affected the evolution of spermatids into mature sperm.

关键词： BDE-209 Meiosis L3MBTL2 Sperm RNF8 Histone ubiquitination

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Prediction of Renal Function by Urinary Lead and Cadmium - Based on Classification Decision Tree and Logistic Regression Model

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Biomedical and environmental Sciences 2024年第3期37卷 331-335页

作者： LI Yang WANG Qing Yao TIAN Qing Hua AN Qi YANG Yu Tong ZHANG Jia Chen LI Shuang Jing ZHOU Han LIANG Yun Fen SHEN Wei Tong MU Li Na LEI Li Jian Department of epidemiology School of Public HealthShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001ShanxiChina Department of epidemiology School of Public HealthShanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impairment and PreventionNHC Key Laboratory of PneumoconiosisMOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and PreventionShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001ShanxiChina Department of epidemiology and environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsThe State University of New York at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA.

It is estimated that chronic kidney disease(CKD)will be the fifth leading cause of death in the world by 2040[1].Early recognition and intervention for kidney damage are *** glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)can be calculated by measuring blood creatinine to evaluate glomerular function,and urinary N-acetyl-β-δ-glucosaminidase(UNAG)level is generally recognized as a marker of renal tubular *** to lead(Pb)and cadmium(Cd)can damage renal function,leading to a decrease in eGFR and an increase in UNAG[2].Both Pb and Cd are easily accumulated in the body and then slowly released by the kidneys and ***,urinary Pb(UPb)and Cd(UCd)levels can be used as biomarkers of exposure[3,4].

关键词： urinary damage slowly

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The risk of mpox importation and subsequent outbreak potential in Chinese mainland: a retrospective statistical modelling study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 63-73页

作者： Xiaowei Deng Yuyang Tian Junyi Zoul Juan Yang Kaiyuan Sun Hongjie Yu School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health SafetyMinistry of EducationFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China division of International epidemiology and Population Studies Fogarty International CenterNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

Background The 2022-2023 mpox(monkeypox)outbreak has spread rapidly across multiple countries in the non-endemic region,mainly among men who have sex with men(MSM).In this study,we aimed to evaluate mpox's importation risk,border screening effectiveness and the risk of local outbreak in Chinese *** We estimated the risk of mpox importation in Chinese mainland from April 14 to September 11,2022 using the number of reported mpox cases during this multi-country outbreak from *** and the international air-travel data from Official Aviation *** constructed a probabilistic model to simulate the effectiveness of a border screening scenario during the mpox outbreak and a hypothetical scenario with less stringent quarantine *** we further evaluated the mpox outbreak potential given that undetected mpox infections were introduced into men who have sex with men,considering different transmissibility,population immunity and population *** We found that the reduced international air-travel volume and stringent border entry policy decreased about 94% and 69% mpox importations *** the quarantine policy,15-19% of imported infections would remain *** a case of mpox is introduced into active MSM population with almost no population immunity,the risk of triggering local transmission is estimated at 42%,and would rise to>95% with over six *** Our study demonstrates that the reduced international air-travel volume and stringent border entry policy during the COvID-19 pandemic reduced mpox importations ***,the risk could be sub-stantially higher with the recovery of air-travel volume to pre-pandemic *** could emerge as a public health threat for Chinese mainland given its large MSM community.

关键词： Mpox(Monkeypox) Importation risk International air travel Statistical modelling Men who have sex with men

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Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan Tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun Tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang Tong Zhu Clean Air Asia Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of epidemiology and environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public ***,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is *** high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to *** used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases *** analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality ***,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 *** of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health *** enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and *** findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

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Independent and Combined Associations of Sleep Duration, Bedtime, and Polygenic Risk Score with the Risk of Hearing Loss among Middle-Aged and Old Chinese: The Dongfeng–Tongji Cohort Study

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 721-733页

作者： Miao Liu Haiqing Zhang Zhichao Wang Tingting Mo Xuefeng Lai Yaling He Minghui Jiang Meian He Weijia Kong Tangchun Wu Xiaomin Zhang Department of Occupational and environmental Health Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Healthand State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health(Incubating)School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina

Evidence available on the independent and combined associations of sleep duration,bedtime,and genetic predisposition with hearing loss was *** present study included 15,827 participants from the Dongfeng–Tongji cohort *** risk was characterized by polygenic risk score(PRS)based on 37 genetic loci related to hearing *** conducted multivariate logistic regression models to assess the odds ratio(OR)for hearing loss with sleep duration and bedtime,as well as the joint association and interaction with *** showed that hearing loss was independently associated with sleeping≥9 h/night compared to the recommended 7 to9:00 *** 10:00 *** to those with bedtime>10:00 *** 11:00 p.m.,with estimated ORs of 1.25,1.27,and 1.16,respectively.

关键词： Middle hearing fen

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Health-oriented strategies are needed to optimize China’s 2025 clean air action plan

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2007-2008页

作者： Tao Xue Ning Kang Wei Wan Tong Zhu Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CentreBeijing 100191China State environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking UniversityHangzhou 311215China Clean Air Asia Beijing 100600China College of environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Recently,China’s State Council issued the Continuous Improvement of Air Quality Action Plan(hereafter,the third action plan),which follows the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan(2013–2017)(hereafter,the first action plan)and the Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense Battle(2018–2020)(hereafter the second action plan).The first two action plans yielded nationwide health benefits[1–3],from improving lung function[4]to saving medical expenditures[5].Based on our previous estimates[6],due to reductions in the fine particulate matter(PM2.5)level,implementation of the first and second action plans was expected to increase life expectancy by 2.11 and 3.68 months.

关键词： action hereafter nationwide

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