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Select nutrients and their effects on conceptus development in mammals

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第3期1卷 85-95页

作者： Fuller W.Bazer Xiaoqiu Wang Greg A.Johnson Guoyao Wu departments of Animal Science Texas A&M University veterinary Integrative biosciences Texas A&M University

The dialogue between the mammalian conceptus(embryo/fetus and associated membranes) involves signaling for pregnancy recognition and maintenance of pregnancy during the critical peri-implantation period of pregnancy when the stage is set for implantation and placentation that precedes fetal development. Uterine epithelial cells secrete and/or transport a wide range of molecules, including nutrients,collectively referred to as histotroph that are transported into the fetal-placental vascular system to support growth and development of the conceptus. The availability of uterine-derived histotroph has long-term consequences for the health and well-being of the fetus and the prevention of adult onset of metabolic diseases. Histotroph includes numerous amino acids, but arginine plays a particularly important role as a source of nitric oxide and polyamines required for fetal-placental development in rodents, swine and humans through mechanisms that remain to be fully elucidated. Mechanisms whereby arginine regulates expression of genes via the mechanistic target of rapamycin cell signaling pathways critical to conceptus development, implantation and placentation are discussed in detail in this review.

关键词： Amino acids Secreted phosphoprotein 1 Pregnancy Interferon tau Conceptus development Trophectoderm

SARS-CoV-2 nanobodies 2.0

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第6期6卷 1640-1642页

作者： Fabien Labroussaa Joerg Jores Institute of veterinary bacteriology Department of Infectious Diseases and PathobiologyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland

In a recent study published in Science,Koenig et al.1 reported on rationally engineered biparatopic nanobodies targeting the receptor-binding domain(RBD)of the spike protein that not only efficiently neutralize SARS-CoV-2,but additionally suppress mutational *** growth,increased travel and climate change foster epidemic and pandemic threats by(re)emerging viruses.

关键词： al. travel rational

Rodents as reservoirs of parasites in India

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第1期3卷 21-26页

作者： Lachhman D.SINGLA Neena SINGLA Vir R.PARSHAD Prayag D.JUYAL Naresh K.SOOD departments of veterinary Parasitology departments of veterinary Pathology Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityLudhianaIndia Department of Zoology Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaIndia

We monitored the prevalence of endoparasitic infections of rodents in Punjab State, India, between January 2004and December 2005. Three species of wild rodents, namely the house rat, Rattus rattus (n = 42), the lesserbandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis (n = 34) and the Indian gerbil, Tatera indica (n = 15), were live-captured fromhouses and crop fields. Examination of various organs revealed that the highest rates of endoparasitic infectionoccurred in R. rattus (40.5%), followed by B. bengalensis (35.3 %) and then T. indica (20.0%), with an overallinfection rate of 35.2%. All three rodent species were found naturally infected with one or more species ofhelminths. Metacestodes (1–6) of Cysticercus fasciolaris (larvae of Taenia taeniaeformis) were found in all threerodent species (in the liver). In one male T. indica, numerous robust T. taeniaeformis metacestodes were found inoval sacs attached to the mesentery and the abdominal wall, an unusual site. The cauda epididymal fluid of thesame gerbil was also found to be infected with a very rare species of strongylid nematode, which could not beidentified to genus or species level. It is possible that this nematode is transmitted sexually and thus may affect thereproductive potential of gerbils. This appears to be the first report of this phenomenon. In one B. bengalensisindividual, the intestine was found to be obstructed with an acanthocephalan, Moniliformis moniliformis, withconcurrent infection with C. fasciolaris in the form of multiple cysts in the liver. Although no natural protozoaninfection was found in these field rodents, experimental Trypanosoma evansi infection has been established in allthree species with high pathogenicity, and the possibility of sexual transmission was supported by the presence of *** in the cauda epididymal fluid of male rats.

关键词： helminth India parasite reservoir rodent

Pre-implantation exogenous progesterone and pregnancy in sheep:***,nutrient transport,and progestamedins

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 935-951页

作者： Emily C.Hoskins Katherine M.Halloran Claire Stenhouse Robyn M.Moses Kathrin A.Dunlap Michael C.Satterfield Heewon Seo Gregory A.Johnson Guoyao Wu Fuller W.Bazer departments of Animal Science Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843-2471USA veterinary Integrative biosciences Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Background:Administration of exogenous progesterone(P4)to ewes during the pre-implantation period advances conceptus development and *** study determined effects of exogenous P4 on transport of select nutrients and pathways that enhance conceptus *** ewes(n=38)were treated with either 25 mg P4 in 1 mL corn oil(P4,n=18)or 1mL corn oil alone(CO,n=20)from day 1.5 through day 8 of pregnancy and hysterectomized on either day 9 or day 12 of *** expression of genes encoding enzymes for synthesis of polyamines,transporters of glucose,arginine,and glycine,as well as progestamedins was determined by ***:On day 12 of pregnancy,conceptuses from P4-treated ewes had elongated while those from CO-treated ewes were *** mRNA expression of AZIN2,an arginine decarboxylase,was lower in endometria of P4-treated than CO-treated ewes on day 9 of *** of FGF10,a progestamedin,was greater in endometria of CO and P4-treated ewes on day 12 of gestation in addition to P4-treated ewes necropsied on day 9 of *** with P4 down-regulated endometrial expression of amino acid transporter SLC1A4 on day 12 of ***:Results indicated that administration of exogenous P4 during the pre-implantation period advanced the expression of FGF10,which may accelerate proliferation of trophectoderm cells,but also was correlated with decreased expression of glycine and serine transporters and polyamine synthesis enzyme *** research with increased sample sizes may determine how differential expression affects endometrial functions and potentially embryonic loss.

关键词： Amino acid Endometrium Gene expression Polyamine Progesterone

Diversity of livestock associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第9期10卷 929-931页

作者： Henok A.Tegegne Ivana Kolackova Renata Karpískova Department of bacteriology Veterinary Research InstituteBrnoCzech Republic Faculty of veterinary Hygiene and Ecology University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences BrnoCzech Republic

Objective: To evaluate the diversity and molecular characteristics of livestock associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in livestock animals, food of animal origin and the environment in the Czech ***: After having been primarily enriched in buffered peptone water, the samples were cultured on Baird–Parker agar. Presumptive colonies were sub-cultured to blood agar and assessed morphologically. Furthermore, presumptive Staphylococcus aureus colonies were confirmed by MALDI-TOF. Multiplex PCR, spa-typing, and MLST have been used to characterize the strains. Each mec A-positive Staphylococcus aureus isolates were examined against 14 different antimicrobials by using disk diffusion ***: In this study, 13 different spa-types belonging to five sequence types(ST) were detected. Ninety four percent of tested strains belonged to CC/ST398 for which t011,t034, t2123 and t2346 were the vast major spa-types. In addition, non-ST398 clones such as CC1(t127), ST5(t3598), ST8(t064) and ST361(t315) were detected, which are known as human associated ***: The diversity of livestock associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has grown, and detecting lineages of human origin in animals and vice-versa becomes more common. Thus, livestock animal and its products will be a potential for the evolvement of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in human *** of pigs as well as other food-producing animal species and their products is therefore recommended.

关键词： CC398 MLST PCR Spa-typing

Effects of irradiated Ergosan on the growth performance and mucus biological components of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2016年第1期34卷 13-18页

作者： Najmeh SHEIKHZADEH Fatemeh CHEHRARA Marzieh HEIDARIEH Katayoon NOFOUZI Behzad BARADARAN Department of Food Hygiene and Aquatic Animals Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute Karaj Iran departments of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran

Effects of irradiated and non-irradiated Ergosan extract(alginic acid) on rainbow trout growth performance and skin mucosal immunity were compared. Ergosan was irradiated at 30 kGy in a cobalt-60 irradiator. A total of 252 fish(128.03±9.4 g) were randomly divided into four equal groups,given the basal diet either unsupplemented with Ergosan(control group) or supplemented with crude Ergosan(5 g/kg),ethanol-extracted Ergosan(0.33 g/kg) or irradiated Ergosan(0.33 g/kg) according to this protocol: basal diet for 15 days,treatment diet for 15 days,basal diet for 10 days and treatment diet for 15 days. Highest growth performance was observed in fish fed irradiated Ergosan(P<0.05). Dietary administration of different Ergosan types did not cause any changes in mucus protein level,but improved alkaline phosphatase level and hemagglutination titer compared with the control(basal diet without Ergosan) on day 55 offeeding trial(P<0.05). Furthermore,the highest value of lysozyme activity was observed in gamma-irradiated Ergosan on day 55. In conclusion,gamma-irradiated Ergosan at 0.33 g/kg was found to improve growth performance and mucus biological components significantly in comparison with the control group(basal diet without Ergosan).

关键词： gamma-irradiation Ergosan growth performance mucus immune system rainbow trout

Brain-derived neurotropic factor and GABAergic transmission in neurodegeneration and neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第10期12卷 1733-1741页

作者： Jinwook Kim Sueun Lee Sohi Kang Sung-Ho Kim Jong-Choon Kim Miyoung Yang Changjong Moon departments of veterinary Anatomy and veterinary Toxicology College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 PLUS Project TeamChonnam National University Department of Anatomy School of Medicine and Institute for Environmental ScienceWonkwang University

Neurotoxicity induced by stress,radiation,chemicals,or metabolic diseases,is commonly associated with excitotoxicity,oxidative stress,and *** pathological process of neurotoxicity induces neuronal death,interrupts synaptic plasticity in the brain,and is similar to that of diverse neurodegenerative *** models of neurotoxicity have revealed that clinical symptoms and brain lesions can recover over time via neuroregenerative ***,brain-derived neurotropic factor（BDNF） and gamma-aminobutyric acid（GABA）-ergic transmission are related to both neurodegeneration and *** review summarizes the accumulating evidences that suggest a pathogenic role of BDNF and GABAergic transmission,their underlying mechanisms,and the relationship between BDNF and GABA in neurodegeneration and *** review will provide a comprehensive overview of the underlying mechanisms of neuroregeneration that may help in developing potential strategies for pharmacotherapeutic approaches to treat neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative disease.

关键词： brain-derived neurotropic factor neurotoxicity gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic transmission neurodegenerative diseases neural regeneration

Identification of Antigens Common to Streptococcus suis Serotypes 2 and 9 by Immunoproteomic Analysis

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第9期11卷 1517-1527页

作者： WU Zong-fu ZHANG Wei WANG Yang LU Yan LU Cheng-ping College of veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Lab of Animal Bacteriology Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing 210095P.R.China

Streptococcus suis is a Gram-positive pathogen that causes serious diseases in pigs. In addition to S. suis serotype 2 （SS2）, S. suis serotype 9 （SS9） is another prevalent serotype, which is frequently isolated from the organs of diseased pigs in China. An immunoproteomic-based approach was developed to identify antigens common to SS2 and SS9 for vaccine development. Cell wall proteins extracted from SS2 strain HA9801 were screened by two-dimensional Western blot using anti-SS2 sera, anti-SS9 sera, or pre-immune sera pooled from specific pathogen free （SPF） mice. Protein spots on preparative gels were excised and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, which led to the identification of four shared immunogenic proteins （arginine deiminase, translation elongation factor-Ts, o-acetylserine lyase, and 1-phosphofructokinase）. The genes encoding these four proteins from SS9 strain GZ0565 were cloned and their proteins were overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21. Western blot analysis of these recombinant proteins using the convalescent serum of an SPF mini-pig inoculated with the SS2 strain, anti-SS2 sera, and anti-SS9 sera pooled from SPF mice further confirmed the immunogenicity of these proteins. These immunogenic proteins, which are encoded by genes that are reasonably conserved among SS2 and SS9 strains, could be developed as vaccine candidates.

关键词： Streptococcus suis common antigen immunoproteomics

Role of dup A in virulence of Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第46期22卷 10118-10123页

作者： Amin Talebi Bezmin Abadi Guillermo Perez-Perez Department of bacteriology Faculty of Medical Sciences Tarbiat Modares University departments of Medicine and Microbiology New York University School of Medicine and VA Medical Center

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a gastric human pathogen associated with acute and chronic gastritis, 70% of all gastric ulcers, 85% of all duodenal ulcers, and both forms of stomach cancer, mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma and adenocarcinoma. Recently, attention has focused on possible relationship between presence of certain virulence factor and H. pylori-associated diseases. Some contradictory data between this bacterium and related disorders has been observed since not all the colonized individuals develop to severe disease. The reported diseases plausibility related to H. pylori specific virulence factors became an interesting story about this organism. Although a number of putative virulence factors have been identified including cytotoxin-associated gene a(cag A) and vac A, there are conflicting data about their actual participation as specific risk factor for H. pylori-related diseases. Duodenal ulcer promoting gene a(dup A) is a virulence factor of H. pylori that is highly associated with duodenal ulcer development and reduced risk of gastric cancer. The prevalence of dup A in H. pylori strains isolated from western countries is relatively higher than in H. pylori strains from Asian countries. Current confusing epidemiological reports will continue unless future sophisticated and molecular studies provide data on functional and complete dup A cluster in H. pylori infected individuals. This paper elucidates available knowledge concerning role of dup A in virulence of H. pylori after a decade of its discovery.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori dup A Bacterial virulence infection Clinical outcome