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Development of a Rapid Multi-residue Assay for Detecting β-lactams Using Penicillin Binding Protein 2x

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2013年第2期26卷 100-109页

作者： ZENG Kum ZHANG Jing WANG Yang WANG ZhanHui ZHANG Su Xia WU Chong Ming SHEN Jian Zhong Department of veterinary Pharmacology and toxicology College of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural University

Objective To develop a rapid multi-residue assay for detecting 16 demanded by the European Union （EU）. Methods A recombinant penicillin-binding protein （PBP） 2x＊ from Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 was expressed in vitro and six β-1actams were conjugated to HRP by four methods. A rapid multi-residue assay for β-1actams was established with PBP2x＊ and HRP-conjugate. Results PBP2x＊ was expressed and purified successfully and the ideal HRP-conjugate was identified. The multi-residue assay was developed. After optimization, penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, oxacillin, nafcillin, cephalexin, ceftiofur, cefalonium, cefquinome, cefazolin, cefoperazone, cephacetrile, and cephapirin can be detected at levels below MRL in milk with simple pretreatment. Conclusion This assay developed can detect all 16 β-1actams demanded by the European Union （EU）. The whole procedure takes only 45 min and can detect 42 samples and the standards with duplicate analysis.

关键词： Penicillin-Binding Protein 2x* β-1actam Multi-residue Milk

Hesperidin attenuates arsenic trioxide-induced cardiac toxicity in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第4期13卷 156-164页

作者： Gayatri Khuntia Jeevan Ranjan Dash Biswadeep Jena Uma Kanta Mishra Subash Chandra Parija Department of Pharmacology and toxicology College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal HusbandryOUATBhubaneswarIndia Department of veterinary Surgery and Radiology College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal HusbandryOUATBhubaneswarIndia Department of veterinary anatomy and Histology College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal HusbandryOUATBhubaneswarIndia

Objective:To explore the cardioprotective effect of hesperidin against arsenic trioxide-induced cardiac toxicity in ***:Cardiac toxicity was induced by oral administration of 4 mg/kg arsenic trioxide for 30 ***,biochemical,electrocardiography,echocardiography,and histopathological examinations were ***:Hesperidin decreased the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,calcium,creatine kinase-myoglobin binding,lactate dehydrogenase,IL-6,and lipid peroxidation,as well as increased sodium and potassium concentration and superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in arsenic trioxide-intoxicated ***,it reduced peak systolic velocity and end-diastolic velocity while increasing heart *** trioxide-induced histopathological damage to cardiac tissue was prominently alleviated by hesperidin ***:Hesperidin attenuates arsenic trioxide-induced cardiac toxicity in ***,it can be further explored as a cardioprotective agent.

关键词： Arsenic trioxide Hesperidin Cardiotoxicity ECG CK-MB LDH

Rodents as reservoirs of parasites in India

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第1期3卷 21-26页

作者： Lachhman D.SINGLA Neena SINGLA Vir R.PARSHAD Prayag D.JUYAL Naresh K.SOOD departments of veterinary Parasitology departments of veterinary Pathology Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityLudhianaIndia Department of Zoology Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhianaIndia

We monitored the prevalence of endoparasitic infections of rodents in Punjab State, India, between January 2004and December 2005. Three species of wild rodents, namely the house rat, Rattus rattus (n = 42), the lesserbandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis (n = 34) and the Indian gerbil, Tatera indica (n = 15), were live-captured fromhouses and crop fields. Examination of various organs revealed that the highest rates of endoparasitic infectionoccurred in R. rattus (40.5%), followed by B. bengalensis (35.3 %) and then T. indica (20.0%), with an overallinfection rate of 35.2%. All three rodent species were found naturally infected with one or more species ofhelminths. Metacestodes (1–6) of Cysticercus fasciolaris (larvae of Taenia taeniaeformis) were found in all threerodent species (in the liver). In one male T. indica, numerous robust T. taeniaeformis metacestodes were found inoval sacs attached to the mesentery and the abdominal wall, an unusual site. The cauda epididymal fluid of thesame gerbil was also found to be infected with a very rare species of strongylid nematode, which could not beidentified to genus or species level. It is possible that this nematode is transmitted sexually and thus may affect thereproductive potential of gerbils. This appears to be the first report of this phenomenon. In one B. bengalensisindividual, the intestine was found to be obstructed with an acanthocephalan, Moniliformis moniliformis, withconcurrent infection with C. fasciolaris in the form of multiple cysts in the liver. Although no natural protozoaninfection was found in these field rodents, experimental Trypanosoma evansi infection has been established in allthree species with high pathogenicity, and the possibility of sexual transmission was supported by the presence of *** in the cauda epididymal fluid of male rats.

关键词： helminth India parasite reservoir rodent

Impact of alpha-synuclein pathology on adult neurogenesis: evidence for multilayered mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第7期17卷 1491-1492页

作者： Jana Bonsberger Franziska Richter Milos Stanojlovic Department of Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmacyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineHannoverGermany

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting 8–10 million people ***,PD is the fastest-growing neurodegenerative disease and it is predicted that the number of patients will double in the next thirty ***,PD is characterized by the presence of protein aggregations called Lewy bodies(LB)and by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.

关键词： degeneration pathology Impact

Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella sativa seed extract against acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第3期9卷 217-222页

作者： Gareeballa Osman Adam Md.Mahbubur Rahman Sei-Jin Lee Gi-Beum Kim Hyung-Sub Kang Jin-Shang Kim Shang-Jin Kim Department of veterinary Medicine and Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine.Sudan University of Science and Technology Department of veterinary Pharmacology and toxicology College of Veterinary Medicine.Chonbuk National University Korea Basic Science Institute Jeonju Center

Objective:To investigate the protective effects of Nigella sativa seed extract(NSSE) against acetaminophen(APAP)-induced hepaloloxicity in TIB-73 cells and ***:Toxicity in TIB-73 cells was induced with 10 μmol/L APAP and the protective effects of NSSE were evaluated at 25.50.75,100 μg/*** in rim examination,a total of 30 rals were equally divided into five experimental groups:normal control(vehicle),APAP(800 mg/kg body weight single IP injection) as a hepatotoxic control,and three APAP and NS pretreated(2 weeks) groups(APAP+NSSE 100 mg:APAP+NSSE 300 mg and APAP+NSSK 900 mg/kg).Results:TIB-73 cell viability was drastically decreased by(49.0±l.9)%after the 10 μmol/L APAP treatment,which also increased reactive oxygen species ***-treatment with NSSE at 25.50.75,and 100 μg/mL significantly improved cell viability and suppressed reactive oxygen species *** viro the APAP induced alterations in blood lactate levels,pH,anionic gap,and ion levels(HCO_3^-,Mg^(2+) and K^+),which tended to normalize with the NSSE *** NSSE also significantly decreased elevated serum levels of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,lactate dehydrogenase,and alkaline phosphatase induced by APAP,which correlated with decreased levels of hepatic lipid peroxidation(nialondialdehyde),increased superoxide dismutase levels,and reduced glutathione *** hepatic histology was also found in the treatment groups other than APAP ***:The in vitro and in vim findings of this study demonstrated that the NSSE has protective effects against APAP-induced hepalotoxicity and metabolic disturbances by improving antioxidant activities and suppressing both lipid peroxidation and ROS generation.

关键词： Nigella sativa Acetaminophen Antioxidants Oxidative stress TIB-73 cells Rat

A study of scientific publications on the greater cane rat (Thryonomys swinderianus, Temminck 1827)

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2020年第1期3卷 40-46页

作者： Oluwaseun Ahmed Mustapha Ebunoluwa Elizabeth Teriba Oluwaseun Samuel Ezekiel Ayokunle Matthew Olude Adebayo Koyuum Akinloye James Olukayode Olopade Department of veterinary anatomy College of Veterinary MedicineFederal University of AgricultureAbeokutaNigeria Department of veterinary anatomy Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Animal Production and Health Federal University of Technology AkureAkureNigeria

Background:The greater cane rat(GCR),reputed to be African's second largest rodent,is a precocial hystricomorph with an uncommon phenotype and life *** and socio-economic interests in the GCR have led to heightened research efforts targeted towards a better understanding of its biology and exploration of its economic and translational ***:Records of all online scientific publications on the GCR from Google,Google Scholar,PubMed,***,Ebscohost and Worldwide science,with the exception of research theses,proceedings,unpublished projects and abstracts,were collated and analyzed using descriptive ***:A total of 146 published scholarly articles spanning about six decades were retrieved,with 98%of the GCR publications originating from African *** boasts the highest number of publications(58.22%)followed by Ghana(21.23%)and South Africa(5.48%)while Senegal contributed the least(0.69%).Publications were sorted into ten field *** field with the highest number of articles(41.78%)was animal breeding and management recording,closely followed by anatomy(37.67%).Lesser contributions were made by parasitology(5.48%),biochemistry/hematology(4.8%),pharmacology/toxicology(4.11%),pathology(2.06%),and surgery/anesthesia and physiology(1.37%apiece).The fields with fewest contributions were microbiology and developmental biology(0.69%each).Conclusion:This study chronicles the spectrum of knowledge available on the GCR,highlighting the knowledge gap that still exists in various fields in order to provide advocacy for new frontiers in research efforts on this *** suggest the need for a clearly defined and well integrated national/regional policy aimed at establishing Africa's foremost micro-livestock rodent,the greater cane rat,on the world's scientific radar.

关键词： African rodent grasscutter greater cane rat micro-livestock review wildlife

Therapeutic effects of Byrsocarpus coccineus root bark extract on bacterially and chemically induced diarrhea in the Wistar albino rat(Rattus norvegicus domestica)

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2019年第4期2卷 312-325页

作者： Ejeh Augustine Sunday Patrick Azubuike Onyeyili Saganuwan Alhaji Saganuwan Department of veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of AbujaFCTNigeria Department of veterinary Pharmacology and toxicology College of Veterinary MedicineFederal University of AgricultureMakurdiBenue StateNigeria

Background : Diarrhea can be caused by pathogenic microorganisms and chemicals. In view of this, Byrsocarpus coccineus Schum and Thonn(Connaraceae) was used to treat diarrhea induced by castor oil or bacteria in Wistar albino rats. Methods : Qualitative and quantitative analyses of an aqueous root back extract of B. coccineus were made and the acute toxicity, antidiarrhea properties, and in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activities of the extract were investigated in rats. Results : The phytochemical analysis of the root bark extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloid, saponins, tannins, and phenols. The quantitative analysis showed that saponins formed 10.6% of the extract, tannins 7.6%, flavonoids 6.2%, phenol 5.8% and alkaloids 4.4%. A dose limit of 5000 mg/kg was safe to use in the rats. At a dose of 100 mg/kg, the extract decreased distance travelled by activated charcoal in the gastrointestinal tract, frequency of defecation, and number of unformed faeces caused by castor oil-induced diarrhea, and led to 74.96% inhibition of the diarrhea effects. Escherichia coli and Salmonella pullorum were susceptible to higher concentrations of the extract with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.3125 mg/m L. E. coli-infected rats showed depression, weight loss, anorexia, diarrhea, and weakness, which was ameliorated by the extract on day 2 post treatment. Observed congestion, cellular infiltration and necrosis of the liver, intestine and kidney following infection were improved by the extract. Conclusion : B. coccineus extract can be used in the treatment of anaemia, and castor oil-and E. coli-induced diarrhea in rats.

关键词： antidiarrhoea Bryocarpus coccineus castor oil diarrhea E.coli extract hematonic rat

Effects of melatonin on changes in cognitive performances and brain malondialdehyde concentration induced by sub-chronic coadministration of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in male Wister rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第4期4卷 318-323页

作者： Idris Sherifat Banke Ambali Suleiman Folorunsho Bisalla Mohammed Suleiman Mohammed Musa Onukak Charles Ayo Joseph Olusegun Department of Pharmacology and toxicology.Faculty of veterinary Medicine Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Department of Pharmacology and toxicology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Ilorin Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAhmadu Bello University Department of Pharmacology and toxicology Faculty of veterinary Medicine Ahmadu Bello University Department of Pharmacology and toxicology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAhmadu Bello University

Objective:To evaluate the ameliorative effect of melatonin on sub-chronic chlorpyrifos(CPF)and cypermethrin(CYP)-evoked cognitive changes in male Wistar ***:Fifty adult male Wistar rats,divided into five groups of ten rats each,were used for the ***ⅠandⅡwere given distilled water and soya oil(2 ml/kg)***Ⅲwas administered with melatonin at 0.5 mg/kg ***Ⅳwas administered with CPF[7.96 mg/kg(1/10th LD_(50))]and CYP[29.6 mg/kg(1/10th LD_(50))].and Group V was administered with CPF[7.96 mg/kg(1/10th LD_(50)]and CYP[29.6 mg/kg(1/10th LD_(50)]30 min after melatonin(0.5 mg/kg).The regimens were administered by gavage once daily for 12 ***,cognitive performances were determined and the brain was evaluated for malonaldehyde ***:CPF and CYP induced cognitive deficits and increased brain malonaldehyde concentration,which were all ameliorated by ***:Cognitive deficits elicited by CPF and CYP was mitigated by melatonin due to its antioxidant property.

关键词： Chlorpyrifos Cypermethrin Cognition Brain malondialdehyde Melatonin

Interactions of naturally occurring compounds with antimicrobials

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第12期13卷 1452-1470页

作者： Izabela Malczak Anna Gajda Department of Pharmacology and toxicology National Veterinary Research InstitutePartyzantów 5724-100Poland

Antibiotics are among the most often used medications in human healthcare and *** these substances can lead to complications such as increasing antibiotic resistance in bacteria or a toxic effect when administering large *** solve these problems,new solutions in antibacterial therapy are *** use of natural products in medicine has been known for *** of them have antibacterial activity,hence the idea to combine their activity with commercial antibiotics to reduce the latter's *** review presents collected information on natural compounds(terpenes,alkaloids,flavonoids,tannins,sulfoxides,and mycotoxins),of which various drug interactions have been *** of the indicated compounds show synergistic or additive interactions with antibiotics,which suggests their potential for use in antibacterial therapy,reducing the toxicity of the antibiotics used and the risk of further development of bacterial ***,there are also compounds which interact antagonistically,potentially hindering the therapy of bacterial *** on its mechanism of action,each compound can behave differently in combination with different antibiotics and when acting against various bacterial strains.

关键词： Interactions Antimicrobials Natural compounds Antibiotics