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Integration of multiple flexible electrodes for realtime detection of barrier formation with spatial resolution in a gut-on-chip system

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 105-114页

作者： Mara Lucchetti Gabriel Werr Sofia Johansson Laurent Barbe Léa Grandmougin Paul Wilmes Maria Tenje Luxembourg Centre for systems Biomedicine(LCSB) University of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette L-4362Luxembourg division of Biomedical Engineering Department of Materials Science and EngineeringScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden department of life sciences and Medicine Faculty of ScienceTechnology and MedicineUniversity of LuxembourgEsch-sur-Alzette L-4362Luxembourg

In healthy individuals,the intestinal epithelium forms a tight barrier to prevent gut bacteria from reaching blood *** study the effect of probiotics,dietary compounds and drugs on gut barrier formation and disruption,human gut epithelial and bacterial cells can be cocultured in an in vitro model called the human microbial crosstalk(HuMiX)gut-on-a-chip ***,we present the design,fabrication and integration of thin-film electrodes into the HuMiX platform to measure transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER)as a direct readout on barrier tightness in *** various aspects of the HuMiX platform have already been set in their design,such as multiple compressible layers,uneven surfaces and nontransparent materials,a novel fabrication method was developed whereby thin-film metal electrodes were first deposited on flexible substrates and sequentially integrated with the HuMiX system via a transfer-tape ***,to measure localized TEER along the cell culture chamber,we integrated multiple electrodes that were connected to an impedance analyzer via a *** further developed a dynamic normalization method because the active measurement area depends on the measured TEER *** fabrication process and system setup can be applicable to other barrier-on-chip *** a proof-of-concept,we measured the barrier formation of a cancerous Caco-2 cell line in real-time,which was mapped at four spatially separated positions along the HuMiX culture area.

关键词： barrier system multiple

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The processed C-terminus of AvrRps4 effector suppresses plant immunity via targeting multiple WRKYs

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2024年第8期66卷 1769-1787页

作者： Quang-Minh Nguyen Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto Hobin Kang Jiyun Moon Kieu Anh Thi Phan Geon Hui Son Mi Chung Suh Eui-Hwan Chung Walter Gassmann Sang Hee Kim division of Applied life science(BK21 Four Program) Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research CenterGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea department of life science Sogang UniversitySeoul 04107Korea department of Plant Biotechnology Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Korea division of Plant science and Technology Christopher S.Bond Life Sciences Center and Interdisciplinary Plant GroupUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouri 65211USA division of life science and Research Institute of Molecular Alchemy Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea

Pathogens generate and secrete effector proteins to the host plant cells during pathogenesis to promote virulence and *** the plant carries resistance(R)proteins that recognize pathogen effectors,effector-triggered immunity(ETI)is activated,resulting in a robust immune response and hypersensitive response(HR).The bipartite effector AvrRps4 from Pseudomonas syringae *** has been well studied in terms of avirulence *** planta,AvrRps4 is processed into two *** Cterminal fragment of AvrRps4(AvrRps4^(C))induces HR in turnip and is recognized by the paired resistance proteins AtRRS1/AtRPS4 in ***,we show that AvrRps4^(C)targets a group of Arabidopsis WRKY,including WRKY46,WRKY53,WRKY54,and WRKY70,to induce its virulence ***,AvrRps4^(C)suppresses the general binding and transcriptional activities of immune-positive regulator WRKY54 and WRKY54-mediated ***4^(C)interferes with WRKY54's binding activity to target gene SARD1 in vitro,suggesting WRKY54 is sequestered from the SARD1 promoter by AvrRps4^(C).Through the interaction of Avr Rps4^(C)with four WRKYs,AvrRps4 enhances the formation of homo-/heterotypic complexes of four WRKYs and sequesters them in the cytoplasm,thus inhibiting their function in plant ***,our results provide a detailed virulence mechanism of AvrRps4 through its C-terminus.

关键词： AvrRps4 bacterial effector effector-triggered immunity immune response suppression transcription factor WRKY

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Recent progress in MOFs-based nanozymes for biosensing

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 39-64页

作者： Imamdin Chandio Yongjian Ai Lei Wu Qionglin Liang MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry&Chemical biology Department of ChemistryLaboratory of Flexible Electronics TechnologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyTsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-mimicking catalytic *** to natural enzymes,nanozymes show various properties such as easy to manufacture,stable,adjustable,and *** play key roles in biosensing,biocatalysis,and disease *** an important kind of nanozymes,metal-organic framework(MOF)-based nanozymes are receiving a lot of attention due to their structural properties and *** developing MOF with enzymes-like catalytic properties has opened new perspectives in *** review summarizes the up-to-date developments in synthesizing two-dimensional and three-dimensional MOF-based nanozymes and their applications in ***,classification of nanozymes obtained by MOFs is categorized,and different properties of MOF-based nanozymes are ***,the distinctive applications of MOF-based nanozymes in identifying various analytes are thoroughly ***,the recent challenges and progressive directions in this area are highlighted.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks nanozymes metal-organic framework (MOF)-based nanozymes biosensing analytes

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Rational surface charge engineering of haloalkane dehalogenase for boosting the enzymatic performance in organic solvent solutions

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 276-285页

作者： Yin Wu Yan Sun department of Biochemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology(Ministry of Education)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Biocatalysis in organic solvents(OSs)has numerous important applications,but native enzymes in OSs often exhibit limited catalytic ***,we proposed a computation-aided surface charge engineering strategy to improve the catalytic performance of haloalkane dehalogenase DhaA in OSs based on the energetic analysis of substrate binding to the DhaA *** variants with enhanced OS resistance were obtained by replacing negative charged residues on the surface with positive charged residue(Arg).Particularly,a four-substitution variant E16R/E93R/E121R/E257R exhibited the best catalytic performance(five-fold improvement in OS resistance and seven-fold half-life increase in 40%(vol)dimethylsulfoxide).As a result,the overall catalytic performance of the variant could be at least 26 times higher than the wild-type *** spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation studies revealed that the residue substitution mainly enhanced OS resistance from four aspects:(a)improved the overall structural stability,(b)increased the hydrophobicity of the local microenvironment around the catalytic triad,(c)enriched the hydrophobic substrate around the enzyme molecule,and(d)lowered the contact frequency between OS molecules and the catalytic *** findings validate that computationaided surface charge engineering is an effective and ingenious rational strategy for tailoring enzyme performance in OSs.

关键词： Surface charge engineering Organic solvent resistance Molecular dynamics simulation Haloalkane dehalogenase

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Recent progress on Sn_(3)O_(4)nanomaterials for photocatalytic applications

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第2期31卷 231-244页

作者： Xin Yu Congcong Li Jian Zhang Lili Zhao Jinbo Pang Longhua Ding Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research(iAIR) School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of JinanJinan 250022China School of Sino-German Engineering Shanghai Technical Institute of Electronics and InformationShanghai 201411China division of systems and Synthetic biology Department of Life SciencesChalmers University of Technology41296 GöteborgSweden

Tin(IV)oxide(Sn_(3)O_(4))is layered tin and exhibits mixed valence *** has emerged as a highly promising visible-light pho-tocatalyst,attracting considerable *** comprehensive review is aimed at providing a detailed overview of the latest advance-ments in research,applications,advantages,and challenges associated with Sn_(3)O_(4)photocatalytic *** fundamental con-cepts and principles of Sn_(3)O_(4)are ***_(3)O_(4)possesses a unique crystal structure and optoelectronic properties that allow it to ab-sorb visible light efficiently and generate photoexcited charge carriers that drive photocatalytic ***,strategies for the control and improved performance of Sn_(3)O_(4)photocatalytic nanomaterials are *** control,ion doping,and hetero-structure construction are widely employed in the optimization of the photocatalytic performance of Sn_(3)O_(4)*** effective imple-mentation of these strategies improves the photocatalytic activity and stability of Sn_(3)O_(4)***,the review explores the diverse applications of Sn_(3)O_(4)photocatalytic nanomaterials in various fields,such as photocatalytic degradation,photocatalytic hydro-gen production,photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide,solar cells,photocatalytic sterilization,and optoelectronic *** discus-sion focuses on the potential of Sn_(3)O_(4)-based nanomaterials in these applications,highlighting their unique attributes and ***,the review provides an outlook on the future development directions in the field and offers guidance for the exploration and de-velopment of novel and efficient Sn_(3)O_(4)-based *** the identification of emerging research areas and potential avenues for improvement,this review aims to stimulate further advancements in Sn_(3)O_(4)-based photocatalysis and facilitate the translation of this promising technology into practical applications.

关键词： photocatalysis Sn_(3)O_(4)nanomaterials building heterostructures antibacterial therapy water splitting

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The First Five Years of a Phase Theory for Complex systems and Networks

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第8期11卷 1728-1743页

作者： Dan Wang Wei Chen Li Qiu division of Decision and Control systems KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden department of Mechanics and Engineering science&the State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex systems Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Hong Kong University of science and Technology Hong KongChinaand also with the Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

In this paper,we review the development of a phase theory for systems and networks in its first five years,represented by a trilogy:Matrix phases and their properties;The MIMO LTI system phase response,its physical interpretations,the small phase theorem,and the sectored real lemma;The synchronization of a multi-agent network using phase *** the end,we also summarize a list of ongoing research on the phase theory and speculate what will happen in the next five years.

关键词： Consensus and synchronization matrix phases multi-agent systems phase theory sectored real lemma small phase theorem.

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Aging-induced YTHDF aggregates impair mitochondrial function by trapping mitochondrial RNAs and suppressing their expression in the brain

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Protein & Cell 2024年第2期15卷 149-155页

作者： Juan Zhang Dingfeng Li Keqiang He Qiang Liu Zhongwen Xie School of life sciences Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant biology and Utilization School of Tea and Food Sciences and TechnologyAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei230036China division of life sciences and Medicine Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China department of Anesthesiology The First Affliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Aging Research University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

DearEditor,Brain aging is associated with a decrease in cognitive function,which is often accompanied by defective changes in mitochondrial morphology and reduction in mitochondrial function(Faitg et al.,2021).The main function of mitochondria is to produce energy in the form of ATP,which is vital to fulfill high energy demand of neurons,mainly for synaptic processes(Lee et al.,2018).Mitochondrial dysfunction acts as a key factor for age-related cognitive decline(Grimm and Eckert,2017).

关键词： function trapping

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An efficient and safe strategy for germ cell-specific automatic excision of foreign DNA in F1 hybrid transgenic silkworms

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Insect science 2024年第1期31卷 28-46页

作者： Dingpei Long Rongpeng Liu Yang Huang Anyao Fu Yuli Zhang Zhanzhang Hao Qiang Li Hanfu Xu Zhonghuai Xiang Aichun Zhao State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects Institute of Sericulture and Systems BiologySouthwest UniversityChongqingChina department of biology Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Guangxi Institute of Sericulture science NanningGuangxiChina department of Mathematics and Statistics Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

The safety of transgenic technology is a major obstacle in the popularization and use of transgenic silkworms and their *** sericulture,only the first filial generation(F1)hybrid eggs produced by cross-breeding Japanese and Chinese original strains are usually used for the large-scale breeding of silkworms,but this may result in uncontrolled transgene dispersal during the popularization and application of the F1 hybrid transgenic *** address this issue,we developed a safe and efficient strategy using the GAL4/Upstream activating sequence(UAS)system,the FLP/flippase recognition target(FRT)system,and the gonad-specific expression gene promoters(RSHP1p and Nanosp)for the germ cell-specific automatic excision of foreign DNA in the F1 hybrid transgenic *** established 2 types of activator strains,R1p::GAL4-Gr and Nsp::GAL4-Gr,containing the testis-specific GAL4 gene expression cassettes driven by RSHP1p or Nanosp,respectively,and 1 type of effector strain,UAS::FLP-Rg,containing the UAS-linked FLP gene expression *** FLP recombinase-mediated sperm-specific complete excision of FRT-flanked target DNA in the F1 double-transgenic silkworms resulting from the hybridization of R1p::GAL4-Gr and UAS::FLP-Rg was 100%,whereas the complete excision efficiency resulting from the hybridization of Nsp::GAL4-Gr and UAS::FLP-Rg ranged from 13.73%to 80.3%.Additionally,we identified a gene,sw11114,that is expressed in both testis and ovary of Bombyx mori,and can be used to establish novel gonad-specific expression systems in transgenic *** strategy has the potential to fundamentally solve the safety issue in the production of F1 transgenic silkworm eggs and provides an important reference for the safety of transgenic technology in other insect species.

关键词： Bombyx mori FLP/FRT system GAL4/UAS system germ cell-specific excision safety of transgenic technology transgenic silkworm

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The Application of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Small Electrical Time Constant in Fiber Positioner

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 212-222页

作者： Shaoxiong Guo Yan Yang Yanbin Yin Yihu Tang Yang Tian Chao Zhai department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Biomedical Engineering Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Experiment Center of Engineering and Material science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

With the development of cutting-edge multi-object spectrographs,fiber positioners located in the focal plane are being scaled down in size,and miniature hollow-cup Permanent Magnet motors are now being considered as a suitable replacement for Faulhaber Precistep stepper ***,the small electrical time constant of such coreless motors poses a challenge,as the problem of severe commutation torque ripple in a fiber positioner running a position loop has been *** overcome this challenge,it is advised to increase the Pulse Width Modulation(PWM)frequency as much as possible to mitigate the effects of the current *** must be done while ensuring adequate resolution of the PWM *** employing a voltage open-loop field-oriented control based on a modulation frequency of 1 MHz,the drive current only costs 25 m A under a 3.3 V power *** sine degree of phase current is immaculate,and the repeat positioning accuracy can reach 2μ***,it is possible to further shrink the bill of devices and the layout area of the Printed Circuit Board,especially in sizesensitive *** device has been developed under the new generation of The Large Sky Area MultiObject Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope.

关键词： instrumentation:adaptive optics instrumentation:spectrographs proper motions reference systems

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Ruthenium-lead oxide for acidic oxygen evolution reaction in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8671-8677页

作者： Feng-Yang Chen Chang Qiu Zhen-Yu Wu Tae-Ung Wi YZou Finfrock Haotian Wang department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA Structural biology Center X-ray Science DivisionArgonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA department of Materials science and NanoEngineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA department of Chemistry Rice UniversityHoustonTX 77005USA

Developing an active and stable anode catalyst for the proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer(PEM-WE)is a critical objective to enhance the economic viability of green hydrogen ***,the expensive iridium-based electrocatalyst remains the sole practical material with industrial-level stability for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)at the ***-based catalysts have been proposed as more cost-effective alternatives with improved activity,though their stability requires *** current urgent goal is to reduce costs and noble metal loading of the OER catalyst while maintaining robust activity and *** this study,we design a Ru-based OER catalyst incorporating Pb as a supporting *** electrocatalyst exhibits an OER overpotential of 201 mV at 10 mA·cm^(-2),simultaneously reducing Ru noble metal loading by~40%.Normalization of the electrochemically active surface area unveils improved intrinsic activity compared to the pristine RuO_(2) *** a practical stability test in a PEM-WE setup,our developed catalyst sustains stable performance over 300 h without notable degradation,underscoring its potential for future applications as a reliable anodic catalyst.

关键词： electrocatalysis oxygen evolution reaction water splitting proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer

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