检索结果-南通市图书馆

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Cryptosporidium Diarrhea among Children Aged Five Years and below in Selected Health Institutions in Abakaliki, South-East Nigeria

引用

Advances in Microbiology 2025年第1期15卷 1-18页

作者： Onyinye Ifeyinwa Nkeiru Onyekachi Uduma Victor Uduma Emeka Donald Ogiji Kenechukwu Emmanuel Onyekachi Nweke Chinedu Idakari Nneka Marian Chika-Igenyi Chidiebere Brown Ene Chinwe Ifeoma Joe-Akunne Chinedum Christabel Amagwu Shedrach Chikezie Emeribe Felix Osogu Edegbe Bolaji Abdulazeez Akanni Chibuike Sunday Ugwuocha Kingsley Achi Adamma Gloria Olisa Uzochukwu Chimdindu Ibe Chiedozie Kingsley Ojide department of Medical Microbiology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria department of Medical Microbiology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria department of Internal Medicine Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria department of pharmacology and therapeutics University of Liverpool United Kingdom department of Pediatrics Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Ebonyi Nigeria department of Medical Microbiology Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Parklane Nigeria department of Medical Microbiology University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria department of Anatomic Pathology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria department of Surgery Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria department of Microbiology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo Abakaliki Nigeria department of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria department of Public Health Tennessee State University Nashville USA department of Anatomic Pathology Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Background: Diarrheal diseases have globally decreased over the past few decades, yet they remain one of the top three causes of mortality in children under five years, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria. Seasonal peaks of diarrheal episodes continue to contribute significantly to childhood mortality in these regions. One of the notable causes of diarrhea in children is parasitic infections, particularly Cryptosporidium, which poses a serious health risk. In Nigeria, the burden of Cryptosporidium diarrhea is under-researched, making it imperative to investigate its prevalence and associated risk factors. Study Objectives: The study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium diarrhea among children aged five years and below in selected health institutions in Abakaliki, South-East Nigeria. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to May 2017, recruiting 200 children under five years with diarrhea from health institutions in Abakaliki. Fecal specimens were analyzed for Cryptosporidium oocysts using light microscopy with modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining and immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from positive samples using QIAmp® DNA stool kit, followed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and molecular genotyping. Results: Cryptosporidium was detected in 0.5% (1/200) of children via light microscopy and 6.5% (13/200) via IFAT. All positive samples were confirmed as Cryptosporidium hominis by PCR. The prevalence of infection was significantly higher in children from institutionalized homes (50.0%) compared to monogamous homes (6.2%) (p Conclusion: Cryptosporidium hominis is a notable cause of diarrhea among children in Abakaliki, primarily transmitted through human-to-human contact. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions in childcare institutions to prevent outbreaks. Health authorities should promote breastfeeding and enhance education o

关键词： Cryptosporidium hominis Immunofluorescent Antibody Test Ziehl-Neelsen Stain

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Antihyperglycaemic activity of ethylacetate extract of Chlorophytum alismifolium in type 2 diabetes:The involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γand dipeptidyl peptidase-4

引用

Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第1期19卷 78-84页

作者： Abdulhakim Abubakar Abdullahi Balarabe Nazifi Idris Mohammed Maje Yusuf Tanko Joseph Akpojo Anuka Ezzeldin Mukthar Abdurahman department of pharmacology and therapeutics Ahmadu Bello UniversityZaria PMB-1044Nigeria Department of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsBayero UniversityKano PMB-3011Nigeria Department of Human PhysiologyAhmadu Bello UniversityZaria PMB-1044Nigeria Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug DevelopmentAhmadu Bello UniversityZaria PMB-1044Nigeria

Objective:This research is to investigate the antihyperglycaemic activity and the underlying mechanisms of action of the ethylacetate extract of Chlorophytum alismifolium(EACA)tubers in a type 2 diabetes ***:The tubers were processed and sequentially extracted in hexane followed by ethylacetate,using a Soxhlet apparatus,and subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC–MS).The acute toxicity of EACA was investigated in albino Wistar *** antihyperglycaemic study was carried out using high-fat diet(pelletized diet and margarine in the ratio of 10:1 and 20%fructose solution)and streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemic Wistar *** effects of the extract(150,300 and 600 mg/kg)on blood glucose level,insulin,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-c(PPAR-c)and dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP-4)were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***:The oral median lethal dose in Wistar rats was estimated to be>5000 mg/*** with EACA at all doses significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose levels,compared to the hyperglycaemic control,and over *** of EACA increased the serum insulin and PPAR-c levels while decreasing DPP-4 ***–MS analysis revealed the presence of 13 compounds,with isothiazole and isoxazolidine covering total area of 24.6%and 22.69%,***:The findings from this study showed that EACA has important compounds with beneficial effect in type 2 diabetes and acts by increasing insulin secretion and PPAR-c level and decreasing DPP-4 activity.

关键词： Chlorophytum alismifolium Diabetes mellitus Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Insulin Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-c Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The effects of gonadal hormones on learning and memory in male mammals： A review

引用

Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 543-558页

作者： Stuart T. LEONARD Peter J. WINSAUER department of pharmacology and Experimental therapeutics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center 1901 Perdido Street New Orleans LA 70112-1393

The primary role of the gonadal steroid hormones in mammals is to regulate reproduction and related behaviors; however, both androgens and estrogens are also integrally involved in mediating higher brain function and processes including cognition, neural development, and neural plasticity. In particular, a number of studies show that estradiol modulates dendritic spine growth and synapse density （synaptic plasticity） in the hippocampus of females, and that increased estradiol levels are generally associated with improvements on a variety of learning and memory tasks. While the majority of research has focused on the beneficial effects of estradiol in females, much less attention has been given to testosterone and its effects on learning and memory in males. Similar to estradiol titers in females, testosterone titers in males decline with age, albeit more gradually, and this decline has been correlated with impairment of certain cognitive tasks. Moreover, studies involving both humans and animals indicate that testosterone and its metabolites can augment responding on certain behavioral tasks, depending on the subject＇s current hormonal state, the response required, and the stimuli involved （e.g., those involving spatial or nonspatial stimuli）. While the exact mechanisms by which testosterone exerts its effects on learning and memory are not fully understood, recent findings suggest that testosterone modulates learning and memory in males through an interaction with the cholinergic system. The overall objective of this review is to discuss studies investigating the role of the gonadal hormones in mediating learning and memory processes in male mammals [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 543-558, 2011].

关键词： Testosterone Learning and memory Cholinergic system Mammals Cognition Androgens

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Ascorbic acid alleviates reproductive toxicity of di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate in female Wistar rats

引用

Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2025年第1期14卷 27-37页

作者： Kalaivani Manokaran Ravi Sankar Bhaskaran Jayesh Mudgal Prabu Paramasivam Sachin Shetty Deepak Nayak Sunitha Carnelio Vennila Jaganathan Dharani Abirama Sundari Shanmugam Karkala Sreedhara Ranganath Pai department of Medical Laboratory Technology Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal-576104India department of Endocrinology Dr ALM PGIBMSTaramaniUniversity of MadrasChennaiIndia department of pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal-576104India School of Medicine Department of NeurologyUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA department of Nuclear Medicine Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal-576104India department of Pathology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal-576104India department of Oral Pathology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal-576104India department of Statistics Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal-576104India

Objective:To investigate the potential of ascorbic acid in mitigating reproductive toxicity induced by di-(2-ethyl hexyl)phthalate(DEHP)in female Wistar rats,focusing on oxidative stress,hormone levels,and gonadotropin receptors ***:Forty female Wistar rats[30 days old,weighing(60±10)g]were randomly divided into five groups(n=8 per group).Group 1 received corn oil(control).Groups 2 and 3 were administered DEHP at 10 and 100 mg/kg body weight(***.),*** 4 and 5 received DEHP at 10 and 100 mg/kg ***.,respectively,plus ascorbic acid 100 mg/kg ***..All treatments were given orally for 30 *** and ovarian tissues were collected to assess serum reproductive hormones,gonadotropin receptor gene expression,oxidative stress markers,and ***:DEHP,particularly at the higher dose,significantly decreased hormone levels(follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone,estradiol)and gonadotropin receptor gene expression(FSHR,LHR),while increasing oxidative stress and ***-treatment with ascorbic acid significantly improved these parameters,reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis,and restoring hormone levels and gonadotropin receptor *** revealed fewer atretic follicles and less disruption in ovarian structure in DEHP and ascorbic acid-treated groups compared to those treated with DEHP ***:Ascorbic acid demonstrates protective effects against DEHP-induced reproductive toxicity in female rats,likely through mitigating oxidative stress and normalizing hormone levels and ovarian function.

关键词： Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate Ascorbic acid Oxidative stress Apoptosis Ovarian morphology

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nrf2 modulates the benefits of evening exercise in type 2 diabetes

引用

Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第4期5卷 251-258页

作者： Babatunde Fasipe Ismail Laher Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences Department of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsBowen UniversityIwoNigeria Faculty of Medicine Department of AnesthesiologyPharmacology and TherapeuticsThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada

Exercise has well-characterized therapeutic benefits in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Most of the beneficial effects of exercise arise from the impact of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor-2(Nrf2)activation of glucose ***2 is an essential controller of cellular anti-oxidative capacity and circadian *** circadian rhythm of Nrf2 is influenced by circadian genes on its expression,where the timing of exercise effects the activation of Nrf2 and the rhythmicity of Nrf2 and signaling,such that the timing of exercise has differential physiological *** in the evening has beneficial effects on diabetes management,such as lowering of blood glucose and *** mechanisms responsible for these effects have not yet been associated with the influence of exercise on the circadian rhythm of Nrf2 activity.A better understanding of exercise-induced Nrf2 activation on Nrf2 rhythm and signaling can improve our appreciation of the distinct effects of morning and evening *** review hypothesizes that activation of Nrf2 by exercise in the morning,when Nrf2 level is already at high levels,leads to hyperactivation and decrease in Nrf2 signaling,while activation of Nrf2 in the evening,when Nrf2 levels are at nadir levels,improves Nrf2 signaling and lowers blood glucose levels and increases fatty acid *** the effects of Nrf2 activators on rhythmic signaling could also provide valuable insights into the optimal timing of their application,while also holding promise for timed treatment of type 2 diabetes.

关键词： Nrf2 exercise evening

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

New advances in molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic targets in alcoholic liver diseases

引用

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 12908-12933页

作者： Jessica A Williams Sharon Manley Wen-Xing Ding department of pharmacology Toxicology and Therapeutics The University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS 66160 United States

Alcoholic liver disease is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide. Chronic alcohol consumption can cause steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis and even liver cancer. Significant progress has been made to understand key events and molecular players for the onset and progression of alcoholic liver disease from both experimental and clinical alcohol studies. No successful treatments are currently available for treating alcoholic liver disease; therefore, development of novel pathophysiological-targeted therapies is urgently needed. This review summarizes the recent progress on animal models used to study alcoholic liver disease and the detrimental factors that contribute to alcoholic liver disease pathogenesis including miRNAs, S-adenosylmethionine, Zinc deficiency, cytosolic lipin-1β, IRF3-mediated apoptosis, RIP3-mediated necrosis and hepcidin. In addition, we summarize emerging adaptive protective effects induced by alcohol to attenuate alcohol-induced liver pathogenesis including FoxO3, IL-22, autophagy and nuclear lipin-1α.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Autophagy Fatty liver Lipin-1 FoxO3 RIP3 IL-22

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Exploring pre-degenerative alterations in humans using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons

引用

Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第7期12卷 1068-1070页

作者： Federica Bono Chiara Fiorentini Division of pharmacology Department of Molecular andTranslational Medicine University of Brescia Brescia Italy

Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying human neurological disorders is hindered by both the complexity of the disorders and the lack of suitable experimental models recapitulating key pathological features of the *** is a crucial issue since a limited understanding of pathogenic mechanisms precludes the development of drugs counteracting the progression of the *** neurological disorders,

关键词： in Exploring pre-degenerative alterations in humans using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons stem DAT been that of cell PSC

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Oral pharmacological treatment for patent ductus arteriosus in premature neonates with hemodynamic repercussions

引用

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第11期10卷 1080-1083页

作者： Clarissa de Albuquerque Botura Bruno Ambrósio da Rocha Thiely Balensiefer Franciele Queiroz Ames Ciomar Aparecida Bersani-Amado Roberto Kenji Nakamura Cuman department of Medicine Faculdade Uningá department of pharmacology and therapeutics State University of Maringá Hospital Pharmacy at Santa Rita Hospital

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of oral indomethacin, ibuprofen, and paracetamol in oral dosage form on patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) in premature neonates with significant clinical and hemodynamic repercussions(CHRs) and to determine the effect of these respective treatments on renal ***: A retrospective study of cases of PDA in premature neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit was conducted. The treatments consisted of indomethacin[0.2 mg/(kg$d), 3-day cycle], ibuprofen [10 mg/(kg$d) followed by 5 mg/(kg$d), 3-day cycle], and paracetamol(15 mg/kg every 6 h, 5-day cycle). The drugs were administered as an oral solution. The following variables were considered: gestational age,newborn weight at birth, Apgar score, diuresis, serum creatinine and urea levels, and serum electrolyte levels(sodium and potassium).Results: Treatment with indomethacin presented efficacy of 87.5% in closure of the ductus with a mean outcome period of 3.5 d. In premature neonates with CHRs and contraindications for indomethacin, the initial treatment with either ibuprofen or paracetamol failed to close the ductus. However, when this treatment was followed by indomethacin, closure occurred in 66.7% of the neonates, with an outcome period of9.66 d. The initial treatment with one cycle of ibuprofen followed by one or two cycles of paracetamol failed to close the ***: Oral indomethacin was effective for closure of the PDA in premature neonates with severe CHRs. Oral paracetamol or ibuprofen for PDA closure in premature neonates with severe CHRs and contraindications for indomethacin was ***, results in clinical improvements of neonates allowed the subsequent use of indomethacin and successful closure of the ductus. A significant reduction of diuresis occurred in neonates who were treated with indomethacin, either as a first-line treatment or after the failure of ibuprofen or paracetamol.

关键词： Patent ductus arteriosus Premature neonatal Indomethacin Ibuprofen Paracetamol

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Liver-adipose tissue crosstalk in alcohol-associated liver disease: The role of mTOR

引用

Liver Research 2022年第4期6卷 227-237页

作者： Yssa Rodriguez Jack Dunfield Tyson Roderique Hong-Min Ni department of pharmacology Toxicology and TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA

Background:Alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)is a major chronic liver disease around the world without successful *** alcoholic hepatitis is one of the most severe forms of ALD with high mortality,which is often associated with binge *** drinking dysregulates lipid metabolism,increases adipose tissue lipolysis,and induces liver steatosis and adipose tissue *** ev-idence implicates that crosstalk of liver and adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of *** target of rapamycin(mTOR)is a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-like serine/threonine protein kinase that regulates lipid metabolism,cell proliferation and ***,the role of mTOR in regulating adipose-liver crosstalk in binge drinking-induced organ damage remains ***:We generated liver-specific and adipocyte-specific regulatory-associated protein of mTOR(Rptor)knockout(Rptor LKO and Rptor AKO)as well as Mtor knockout(Mtor LKO and Mtor AKO)mice,by crossing Rptor flox and Mtor flox mice with albumin Cre or adiponectin Cre mice,*** addition,we generated liver and adipocyte double deletion of Rptor or Mtor(Mtor LAKO and Rptor LAKO)*** knockout mice with their matched wild-type littermates(Rptor WT and Mtor WT)were subjected to acute gavage of 7 g/kg ***:Mice with adipocyte deletion of Rptor or Mtor developed hepatomegaly and adipose tissue *** gavage increased liver injury,hepatic steatosis and inflammation in mouse livers as demonstrated by elevated serum alanine aminotransferase activities,increased hepatic levels of tri-glyceride and increased hepatic numbers of CD68 positive macrophages in mouse livers after alcohol *** injury was further exacerbated by deletion of adipocyte Rptor or *** adipokine array analysis revealed that increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF a as well as chemokine MCP-1 following acute alcohol gavage in wild-type mice,which were further incr

关键词： Alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD) Liver injury Mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR) Adipose atrophy Adipokine Liver-adipose tissue crosstalk

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Multifaceted roles of extracellular RNAs in different diseases

引用

Military Medical Research 2023年第3期10卷 359-368页

作者： Abdullah Muhammad Sohail Muhammad Babar Khawar Ali Afzal Ali Hassan Sara Shahzaman Ahmed Ali molecular Medicine and Cancer therapeutics Lab Department of ZoologyFaculty of SciencesUniversity of Central PunjabLahorePakistan Applied molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab Department of ZoologyUniversity of NarowalNarowalPakistan

Extracellular RNAs(exRNAs) are novel circulating factors that can be used as biomarkers in various diseases. Their unique and diverse kinds, as well as their role as biomarkers, make them significant biomarkers. There has been immense work carried out since the discovery of exRNAs in circulation and other biological fluids to catalog and determine whether exRNAs may be utilized as indicators for health and illness. In this review, we aim to understand the current state of exRNAs in relation to various diseases and their potential as biomarkers. We will also review current issues and challenges faced in using exRNAs, with clinical and lab trials, that can be used as viable markers for different diseases.

关键词： Extracellular RNAs(exRNAs) Extracellular vehicles(EVs) Cancer Biomarkers Exosomes

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：