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Effects of Terminalia arjuna bark extract on apoptosis of human hepatoma cell line Hepg2

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第7期12卷 1018-1024页

作者： Sarveswaran Sivalokanathan Marati Radhakrishnan Vijayababu Maruthaiveeran Periyasamy Balasubramanian department of pharmacology and environmental toxicology Dr.ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of MadrasTaramani CampusChennai-600 113Tamil NaduIndia department of Endocrinology Dr.ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of MadrasTaramani CampusChennai-600 113Tamil NaduIndia

AIM：To investigate the effects of Terminalia arjuna （T. arjuna） extract on human hepatoma cell line （Hepg2） and its possible role in induction of apoptosis.METHODS： Human hepatoma cells were treated with different concentrations of ethanolic extract of T. arjuna and its cytotoxicity effect was measured by trypan blue exclusion method and lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay. Apoptosis was analyzed by light and fluorescence microscopic methods, and DNA fragmentation. The mechanism of apoptosis was studied with expression of p53 and caspase-3 proteins. Glutathione （GSH） content was also measured in Hepg2 cells after T. arjuna treatment.RESULTS： T. arjuna inhibited the proliferation of Hepg2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Apoptotic morphology was observed in Hepg2 cells treated with T. arjuna at the concentrations of 60 and 100 mg/L. DNA fragmentation, accumulation of p53 and cleavage of procaspase-3 protein were observed in Hepg2 cells after the treatment with T. arjuna. The depletion of GSH was observed in Hepg2 cells treated with T. arjuna.CONCLUSION： T. arjuna induced cytotoxicity in Hepg2 cells in vitro. Apoptosis of Hepg2 cells may be due to the DNA damage and expression of apoptotic proteins. Depletion of GSH may be involved in the induction of apoptosis of Hepg2 cells.

关键词： Human hepatoma cell line Terrninalia arjuna Apoptosis p53 Caspase-3 GSH

Alzheimer's disease and low-dose radiation therapy:A new hope

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2024年第1期5卷 1-6页

作者： Neal E.Dunlap Robert P.Friedland Lu Cai department of Radiation Oncology University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202USA department of Neurology The University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202USA Pediatric Research Institute Departments of PediatricsPharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202USA

The concept of low-dose radiation(Ldr)-induced hormetic responses was initially observed approximately 70 years ago and systematically reviewed along with the discovery of Ldr-induced adaptive responses in a cytogenetic in vitro study in *** the end of the 1990s,discussions regarding the potential applications of Ldrinduced hormesis and adaptive responses for preventing or treating chronic diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)had taken *** 2016,reports on radiotherapy for the subjects with AD and for genetic AD model mice were ***,several preclinical studies with animal models of AD and clinical studies in AD subjects were conducted.A significant milestone was achieved with the online availability of a new Systematic Review based on qualified publications from these preclinical and clinical *** mini-review provides a concise historical introduction to Ldr-induced hormesis and adaptive responses with discussion of AD radiotherapy with either Ldr or relatively high dose *** of this Systematic Review cover promising outcomes,challenges,and new questions,followed by discussion of potential mechanisms.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Low-dose radiation Radiation adaptive response Radiation hormesis

SP-141 targets Trs85 to inhibit rice blast fungus infection and functions as a potential broadspectrum antifungal agent

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Plant Communications 2024年第2期5卷 169-184页

作者： Xi-Yu Wu Bo Dong Xue-Ming Zhu Ying-Ying Cai Lin Li Jian-Ping Lu Bin Yu Jing-Li Cheng Fei Xu Jian-Dong Bao Ying Wang Xiao-Hong Liu Fu-Cheng Lin State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058Zhejiang ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Institute of Plant Protection and MicrobiologyZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310058Zhejiang ProvinceChina department of pharmacology and Nutritional Science College of MedicineThe University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Markey Cancer Center College of MedicineThe University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA College of Life Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058Zhejiang ProvinceChina Institute of Pesticide and environmental toxicology Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and InsectsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058Zhejiang ProvinceChina Institute of Edible Fungi Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghai 201106ShanghaiChina

Rice blast is a devastating disease worldwide,threatening rice production and food *** blast fun-gus Magnaporthe oryzae invades the host via the appressorium,a specialized pressure-generating struc-ture that generates enormous turgor pressure to penetrate the host ***,owing to ongoing evolution of fungicide resistance,it is vitally important to identify new targets and ***,we show that Trs85,a subunit of the transport protein particle III complex,is essential for appressorium-mediated infection in *** explain how Trs85 regulates autophagy through Ypt1(a small guano-sine triphosphatase protein)in *** then identify a key conserved amphipathic a helix within Trs85 that is associated with pathogenicity of *** computer-aided screening,we identify a lead compound,SP-141,that affects autophagy and the Trs85–Ypt1 ***-141 demonstrates a substantial capacity to effectively inhibit infection caused by the rice blast fungus while also exhibiting wide-ranging potential as an antifungal agent with broad-spectrum *** together,our data show that Trs85 is a potential new target and that SP-141 has potential for the control of rice *** thus provide a novel strategy that may help in thefight against rice blast.

关键词： Magnaporthe oryzae rice blast TRAPPIII complex trs85 fungicide

Silibinin alleviates N-nitrosodimethylamine-induced glutathione dysregulation and hepatotoxicity in rats

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第1期14卷 40-47页

作者： Devaraj Ezhilarasan Slvanesan Karthikeyan Food and Hepatotoxicology Laboratory Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology University of MadrasTaramani Chennai 600113 India

The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant potentials of silibinin(SBN)against N-nitrosodimethylamine(DMN)-induced toxic insults in the rat *** liver damage was induced in Wistar albino rats by repeated administration of DMN(10 mg·kg-1 b.w.,i.p.)on 3 consecutive days per week for 3 ***(100 mg·kg-1 b.w.,p.o.)was given daily to the DMN treated rats for two *** marker enzymes of liver toxicity and second-line enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were evaluated in serum and liver tissues before and after SBN *** of the liver was evaluated by H & E *** DMN treatment produced a progressive increase in all the serum marker enzymes(AST,ALT,ALP,LDH,and γ-GT),peaking on Day *** treatment produced highly significant decreases in all the second-line antioxidant parameters(GSH,GST,GR,GPx,and vitamins C and E).The SBN treatment significantly reversed the DMN-induced damages,towards *** studies confirmed the development of liver toxicity in DMN-treated rats,which was reversed by SBN treatment in corroboration with the aforementioned biochemical results,indicating the hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of *** conclusion,the DMN-induced degenerative changes in the liver were alleviated by SBN treatment and this protective ability may be attributed to its antioxidant,free radical scavenging,and membrane stabilizing properties.

关键词： Dimethylnitrosamine Silibinin Oxidative stress Hepatotoxicity Glutathione dysregulation

Toxicological Study of the Hydroalcoholic Extract of a Recipe of Three Plants Used in Traditional Togolese Medicine

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 270-280页

作者： Yao Hoinsou Sossawè Poli Fodoh Clefasse Koula Luckman Gbati Ablam Alognon Tibanguebé Doumongue Minyo Ega Sossa Montant Gérard Akouétévi Toudji Efui Holaly Gbekley Bouraïma Djeri Microbiology and Food Quality Control Laboratory (LAMICODA) Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA) University of Lom Lom Togo Laboratory of Biomedical Sciences Food and Environmental Health-Research Unit in Biomedical Sciences and Bioactive Substances (LaSBASE-UR-2SB) Higher School of Biological and Food Techniques (ESTBA) University of Lom Lom Togo department of Biochemistry/Nutrition Laboratory of Biochemistry Applied to Nutrition Faculty of Sciences University of Lom Lom Togo Laboratory of Biology Phytochemistry Toxicology Pharmacology and Agrifood Institute African Biomedical Agrifood Societal and Environmental Sciences (IASBASE) Lom Togo

This work consisted of assessing the toxicity of a recipe of three plants used in traditional Togolese medicine. Acute and sub-acute toxicity was assessed according to OECD chemical test guidelines n˚423 dated December 17, 2001 and n˚407 dated October 3, 2008 respectively. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. No significant toxicity was observed after 14 and 28 days, although a dose-dependent decrease in creatinemia was observed in male rats (the recipe to be used to moderate creatinine levels). Cytotoxicity was without effect on NCM 365 cells. The results obtained justify the use of the recipe in traditional medicine.

关键词： Carica papaya Cocos nucifera Persea americana Toxicity Togo

Effects of halobenzoquinone and haloacetic acid water disinfection byproducts on human neural stem cells

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 239-249页

作者： Katherine Z.Fu Jinhua Li Sai Vemula Birget Moe Xing-Fang Li Division of Analytical&environmental toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine&PathologyFaculty of Medicine&DentistryUniversity of Alberta Alberta Centre for toxicology Department of Physiology&PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of Calgary

Human neural stem cells（h NSCs） are a useful tool to assess the developmental effects of various environmental contaminants; however, the application of h NSCs to evaluate water disinfection byproducts（DBPs） is scarce. Comprehensive toxicological results are essential to the prioritization of DBPs for further testing and regulation. Therefore, this study examines the effects of DBPs on the proliferation and differentiation of h NSCs. Prior to DBP treatment, characteristic protein markers of h NSCs from passages 3 to 6 were carefully examined and it was determined that h NSCs passaged 3 or 4 times maintained stem cell characteristics and can be used for DBP analysis. Two regulated DBPs, monobromoacetic acid（BAA） and monochloroacetic acid（CAA）, and two emerging DBPs, 2,6-dibromo-1,4-benzoquinone（2,6-DBBQ） and 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone（2,6-DCBQ）, were chosen for h NSC treatment. Both 2,6-DBBQ and 2,6-DCBQ induced cell cycle arrest at S-phase at concentrations up to 1 μmol/L. Comparatively, BAA and CAA at 0.5 μmol/L affected neural differentiation. These results suggest DBP-dependent effects on h NSC proliferation and differentiation. The DBP-induced cell cycle arrest and inhibition of normal h NSC differentiation demonstrate the need to assess the developmental neurotoxicity of DBPs.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Human neural stem cells Differentiation Halobenzoquinones Haloacetic acids Cell cycle arrest

Antiproliferative role of Indig ofera aspalathoides on 20 methylcholanthrene induced fibrosarcoma in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第12期2卷 966-974页

作者： Sivagnanam Selva Kumar Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao Maruthaiveeran Periyasamy Balasubramanian department of Industrial Biotechnology Bharath University department of pharmacology and environmental toxicology Dr.A.L.M.Post graduate Institute of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of Madras

Objective:To find out the anticancer effect of indigofera aspalathoides(***)on20-methylcholanthrene induced fibrosarcoma in ***:Fibrosarcoma was induced in Wistar strain male albino rats by ***(i.p.)administration of250 mg/kg body weight/day of aqueous extract of *** for 30 d effectively suppressed chemically induced *** such as body weight,liver and kidney weight,tumor weight,mean survival time,behavioral changes,blood glucose,blood glycogen and marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),acid phosphatase(ACP)and 5'-nucleiotidase(5'-NT)in serum,liver and kidney and lipid profiles such as total cholesterel,phospholipids,free fatty acids in liver and kidney of control and experimental animals were ***:Fibrosarcoma bearing animals were ferocious and *** mean survival time was found to increase after the *** body weights were significantly decreased(P<0.001)in groupⅡfibrosarcoma animals which steadily increased after the treatment with *** liver and kidney weights were significantly increased whereas the tumor weights decreased as compared to the weights in untreated fibrosarcoma bearing *** blood glucose and the liver and kidney glycogen levels were found to decrease significantly(P<0.001)in groupⅡ*** activities of marker enzymes were observed in serum,liver and kidney of fibrosarcoma bearing GroupⅡanimals which were normalize after *** *** the liver and kidney of GroupⅡanimals the total cholesterol increased whereas the pbospbolipids and free fatty acid levels decreased(P<0.001)which were normalized after ***:The treatment by *** on fihrosarcoma bearing rats has improved the levels of various parameters indicating its antiproliferative and anticancer activity.

关键词： Chemoprevention Tumor weight Mean survival time Glucose Glycogen Marker enzymes

Formation of water disinfection byproduct 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone from chlorination of green algae

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2018年第1期30卷 1-8页

作者： Fei Ge Yao Xiao Yixuan Yang Wei Wang Birget Moe Xing-Fang Li College of Environment and Resources Xiangtan University College of Environment and Energy South China University of Technology Division of Analytical and environmental toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Alberta College of environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang University Alberta Centre for toxicology Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine University of Calgary

We report that green algae in lakes and rivers can serve as precursors of halobenzoquinone（HBQ） disinfection byproducts（DBPs） produced during chlorination. Chlorination of a common green alga, Chlorella vulgaris, produced 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone（2,6-DCBQ）, the most prevalent HBQ DBP in disinfected water. Under varying p H conditions（p H 6.0–9.0）, 2,6-DCBQ formation ranged from 0.3 to 2.1 μg/mg C with maximum formation at p H 8.0. To evaluate the contribution of organic components of C. vulgaris to 2,6-DCBQ formation, we separated the organics into two fractions, the protein-rich fraction of intracellular organic matter（IOM） and the polysaccharide-laden fraction of extracellular organic matter（EOM）. Chlorination of IOM and EOM produced 1.4 μg/mg C and 0.7 μg/mg C of 2,6-DCBQ, respectively. The IOM generated a two-fold higher 2,6-DCBQ formation potential than the EOM fraction, suggesting that proteins are potent 2,6-DCBQ precursors. This was confirmed by the chlorination of proteins extracted from C. vulgaris： the amount of 2,6-DCBQ produced is linearly correlated with the concentration of total algal protein（R2= 0.98）. These results support that proteins are the primary precursors of 2,6-DCBQ in algae, and control of green algal bloom outbreaks in source waters is important for management of HBQ DBPs.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts Halobenzoquinones Green algae Proteins Precursors

Development of a Rapid Multi-residue Assay for Detecting β-lactams Using Penicillin Binding Protein 2x

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Biomedical and environmental Sciences 2013年第2期26卷 100-109页

作者： ZENG Kum ZHANG Jing WANG Yang WANG ZhanHui ZHANG Su Xia WU Chong Ming SHEN Jian Zhong department of Veterinary pharmacology and toxicology College of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural University

Objective To develop a rapid multi-residue assay for detecting 16 demanded by the European Union （EU）. Methods A recombinant penicillin-binding protein （PBP） 2x＊ from Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 was expressed in vitro and six β-1actams were conjugated to HRP by four methods. A rapid multi-residue assay for β-1actams was established with PBP2x＊ and HRP-conjugate. Results PBP2x＊ was expressed and purified successfully and the ideal HRP-conjugate was identified. The multi-residue assay was developed. After optimization, penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, oxacillin, nafcillin, cephalexin, ceftiofur, cefalonium, cefquinome, cefazolin, cefoperazone, cephacetrile, and cephapirin can be detected at levels below MRL in milk with simple pretreatment. Conclusion This assay developed can detect all 16 β-1actams demanded by the European Union （EU）. The whole procedure takes only 45 min and can detect 42 samples and the standards with duplicate analysis.

关键词： Penicillin-Binding Protein 2x* β-1actam Multi-residue Milk