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Effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose and xylotriose on plasma immunoglobulin, cecal metabolites production, microbial ecology, and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1578-1589页

作者： Razib Das Pravin Mishra Birendra Mishra Rajesh Jha department of human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background Dietary supplementation of xylooligosac charides(XOS) has been found to influence gut health by manipulating cecal microbiota and producing microbe-origin *** no study investigated and compared the effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose(XOS2) and xy lotriose(XOS3) in *** study investigated the effect of in ovo feeding of these XOS compounds on post-hatch gut health parameters in chickens.A total of 144 fertilized chicken eggs were divided into three groups:a) non-injected control(CON),b) XOS2,and c) *** the 17^(th) embryonic day,the eggs of the XOS2 and XOS3 groups were injected with 3 mg of XOS2 and XOS3 diluted in 0.5 mL of 0.85% normal saline through the amniotic *** hatching,the chicks were raised for 21 *** was collected on d 14 to measure plasma *** digests were collected for measuring short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) on d 14 and 21,and for microbial ecology and microbial metabolic pathway analyses on d 7 and *** The results were considered significantly different at P<*** quantified plasma IgA and IgG on d 14chickens,revealing no differences among the *** chromatography results showed no significant differences in the concentrations of cecal SCFAs on d 14 but significant differences on d ***;the SCFA concentrations were lower in the XOS3 than in the CON group on d *** cecal metagenomics data showed that the abundance of the family Clostridiaceae significantly decreased on d 7,and the abundance of the family Oscillospiraceae increased on d 21 in the XOS2 compared to the *** was a reduction in the relative abundance of genus Clostridium sense stricto 1 in the XOS2 compared to the CON on d 7 and the genus Ruminococcus,torques in both XOS2 and XOS3 groups compared to the CON on d *** XOS2 and XOS3 groups reduced the genes for chondroitin sulfate degradation Ⅰ and L-histidine degradation Ⅰpathways,which contribute to improved gut health,respectivelyc in the micr

关键词： Broiler In ovo Metagenomics Prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides

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Embryonic thermal manipulation:a potential strategy to mitigate heat stress in broiler chickens for sustainable poultry production

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1347-1375页

作者： Sadid Al Amaz Birendra Mishra department of human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Due to high environmental temperatures and climate change, heat stress is a severe concern for poultry health and production, increasing the propensity for food insecurity. With climate change causing higher temperatures and erratic weather patterns in recent years, poultry are increasingly vulnerable to this environmental stressor. To mitigate heat stress, nutritional, genetic, and managerial strategies have been implemented with some success. However, these strategies did not adequately and sustainably reduce the heat stress. Therefore, it is crucial to take proactive measures to mitigate the effects of heat stress on poultry, ensuring optimal production and promoting poultry well-being. Embryonic thermal manipulation(TM) involves manipulating the embryonic environment's temperature to enhance broilers' thermotolerance and growth performance. One of the most significant benefits of this approach is its cost-effectiveness and saving time associated with traditional management practices. Given its numerous advantages, embryonic TM is a promising strategy for enhancing broiler production and profitability in the poultry industry. TM increases the standard incubation temperature in the mid or late embryonic stage to induce epigenetic thermal adaption and embryonic metabolism. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the available literature and scientific evidence of the beneficial effect of pre-hatch thermal manipulation on broiler health and performance.

关键词： Broiler Embryo Epigenetics Global warming Thermoregulation

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Pre‑hatch thermal manipulation of embryos and post‑hatch baicalein supplementation mitigated heat stress in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1071-1085页

作者： Sadid Al Amaz Ajay Chaudhary Prem Lal Mahato Rajesh Jha Birendra Mishra department of human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawai’i at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background High environmental temperatures induce heat stress in broiler chickens,affecting their health and pro-duction *** dietary,managerial,and genetics strategies have been tested with some success in mitigating heat stress(HS)in *** novel HS mitigation strategies for sustaining broiler production is critically *** study investigated the effects of pre-hatch thermal manipulation(TM)and post-hatch baica-lein supplementation on growth performance and health parameters in heat-stressed *** Six hundred fertile Cobb 500 eggs were incubated for 21 *** candling on embryonic day(ED)10,238 eggs were thermally manipulated at 38.5℃ with 55%relative humidity(RH)from ED 12 to 18,then transferred to the hatcher(ED 19 to 21,standard temperature)and 236 eggs were incubated at a controlled temperature(37.5℃)till *** hatch,180-day-old chicks from both groups were raised in 36 pens(n=10 birds/pen,6 replicates per treatment).The treatments were:1)Control,2)TM,3)control heat stress(CHS),4)thermal manipulation heat stress(TMHS),5)control heat stress supplement(CHSS),and 6)thermal manipulation heat stress supplement(TMHSS).All birds were raised under the standard environment for 21 d,followed by chronic heat stress from d 22 to 35(32–33℃ for 8 h)in the CHS,TMHS,CHSS,and TMHSS groups.A thermoneutral(22–24℃)environment was maintained in the Control and TM *** was constant(50%±5%)throughout the *** the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in R and GraphPad software at P<0.05 and are presented as mean±*** stress significantly decreased(P<0.05)the final body weight and ADG in CHS and TMHS groups compared to the other *** TM significantly increased(P<0.05)the expression of heat shock protein-related genes(HSP70,HSP90,and HSPH1)and antioxidant-related genes(GPX1 and TXN).TMHS birds showed a significant increment(P<0.05)in total cecal volatile fatty acid(VFA)concentration compared to the CHS bird

关键词： Baicalein Growth performance Gut microbiota Heat stress Thermal manipulation

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A dysregulated calcium homeostasis as the earliest pathological sign in stem cell-derived Parkinson's disease neurons?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1421-1422页

作者： Nilima Prakash Working Group human Stem Cell Research Department Hamm 2Hamm-Lippstadt University of Applied SciencesHammGermany

Parkinson’s disease(PD) is characterized by the slow and progressive demise of dopamine(DA)-synthesizing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta(SNc),a nucleus located in the human ventral *** death also affects other regions in the brain at later stages of *** concomitant lack of DA in the human forebrain(striatum) leads to the typical motor symptoms of this still uncurable neurodegenerative disorder.

关键词： homeostasis dopamine death

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Efficient fidelity estimation: alternative derivation and related applications

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 18-22页

作者： Diego S Starke Marcos L W Basso Jonas Maziero Physics department Center for Natural and Exact Sciences Federal University of Santa Maria Center for Natural and human sciences Federal University of ABC Avenue of the States

In[***.A 107 012427 (2023)],Baldwin and Jones prove that Uhlmann–Jozsa’s fidelity between two quantum statesρandσ,i.e.,■,can be written in a simplified form as ■.In this article,we give an alternative proof of this result,using a function power series expansion and the properties of the trace *** approach not only reinforces the validity of the simplified expression but also facilitates the exploration of novel dissimilarity functions for quantum states and more complex trace functions of density operators.

关键词： Chebyshev polynomials efficient fidelity estimation Rényi entropy Ulhmann-Jozsa fidelity

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Food intolerance and the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)diet in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Food Science and human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1729-1738页

作者： Klaus W.Lange Andreas Reissmann Yukiko Nakamura Katharina M.Lange Faculty of human sciences University of RegensburgRegensburg 93040Germany department of Psychology University of BathBath BA27AYUnited Kingdom

The hypothesis that some children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)may show sensitivity or allergic reactions to various food items has led to the development of the the few-foods(or oligoantigenic)*** rationale of the diet is to eliminate certain foods from the diet in order to exclude potential allergens contained either naturally in food or in artificial ingredients with allergenic *** oligoantigenic diet attempts to identify individual foods to which a person might be ***,ADHD symptoms are monitored while multiple foods are excluded from the ***,if symptoms remit,foods are re-introduced,while observing the individual for the return of *** advantage of the oligoantigenic diet is that it can be tailored to the individual.A growing body of evidence suggests that behavioral symptoms of subgroups of children with ADHD may benefit from the elimination of certain *** effect sizes of an oligoantigenic diet regarding improvement of ADHD symptoms have been found to be medium to *** evidence suggests that the investigation of the role of food hypersensitivities in ADHD is a promising avenue worthy of further *** large-scale,randomized controlled studies including assessment of long-term outcome are therefore warranted.

关键词： Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Food intolerance Few-foods diet Etiology Treatment

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Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on growth performance,intestinal barrier function and cecal microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers under heat stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 344-361页

作者： Wenchao Liu Huimei Liu Yaoyao Wang Zhongxiang Zhao Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian Rajesh Jha department of Animal Science College of Coastal Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong 524088People’s Republic of China department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Life ScienceSejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea department of human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background Global warming leading to heat stress(HS)is becoming a major challenge for broiler *** study aimed to explore the protective effects of seaweed(Enteromorpha prolifera)polysaccharides(EPS)on the intestinal barrier function,microbial ecology,and performance of broilers under HS.A total of 144 yellow-feathered broilers(male,56 days old)with 682.59±7.38 g were randomly assigned to 3 groups:1)TN(thermal neutral zone,23.6±1.8℃),2)HS(heat stress,33.2±1.5℃ for 10 h/d),and 3)HSE(HS+0.1%EPS).Each group contained 6 replicates with 8 broilers per *** study was conducted for 4 weeks;feed intake and body weights were measured at the end of weeks 2 and *** the end of the feeding trial,small intestine samples were collected for histomorphology,antioxidant,secretory immunoglobulin A(s Ig A)content,apoptosis,gene and protein expression analysis;cecal contents were also collected for microbiota analysis based on 16S r DNA *** Dietary EPS promoted the average daily gain(ADG)of broilers during 3–4 weeks of HS(P<0.05).At the end of HS on broilers,the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione S-transferase(GST),and the content of s Ig A in jejunum were improved by EPS supplementation(P<0.05).Besides,dietary EPS reduced the epithelial cell apoptosis of jejunum and ileum in heat-stressed broilers(P<0.05).Addition of EPS in HS group broilers'diet upregulated the relative m RNA expression of Occludin,ZO-1,γ-GCLc and IL-10 of the jejunum(P<0.05),whereas downregulated the relative m RNA expression of NF-κB p65,TNF-αand IL-1βof the jejunum(P<0.05).Dietary EPS increased the protein expression of Occludin and ZO-1,whereas it reduced the protein expression of NF-κB p65 and MLCK(P<0.01)and tended to decrease the protein expression of TNF-α(P=0.094)in heat-stressed ***,the proportions of Bacteroides and Oscillospira among the three groups were positively associated with jejunal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine ex

关键词： Broilers Cecal microbiota Heat stress Intestinal barrier function Seaweed polysaccharides

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Effects of mesenchymal stem cell on dopaminergic neurons,motor and memory functions in animal models of Parkinson's disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1584-1592页

作者： Jong Mi Park Masoud Rahmati Sang Chul Lee Jae Il Shin Yong Wook Kim department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea department of Physical Education and Sport sciences Faculty of Literature and Human SciencesLorestan UniversityKhoramabadIran department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea

Parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse the disease *** cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s *** stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns,a lower risk of immune rejection,and a lower risk of *** performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function,memory,and preservation of dopamine rgic neurons in a Parkinson’s disease animal *** searched bibliographic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science)to identify articles and included only pee r-reviewed in vivo interve ntional animal studies published in any language through J une 28,*** study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95%confidence intervals(CI)of the standard mean differences(SMD)between the treatment and control *** use the systematic review center for laboratory animal expe rimentation’s risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment.A total of 33studies with data from 840 Parkinson’s disease model animals were included in the *** with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational *** the stem cell types,the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed la rgest effect size(SMD[95%CI]=-6.21[-9.50 to-2.93],P=0.0001,I^(2)=0.0%).The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopamine rgic neurons in the striatum([95%CI]=1.04[0.59 to 1.49],P=0.0001,I^(2)=65.1%)and substantia nigra(SMD[95%CI]=1.38[0.89 to 1.87],P=0.0001,I^(2)=75.3%),indicating a

关键词： animal animal experimentation mesenchymal stem cells models Parkinson’s disease stem cell transplantation

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Therapeutic potential and pharmacological mechanism of visnagin

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 399-412页

作者： Poonam Yadav Sumeet Kumar Singh Sayantap Datta Saloni Verma Aarti Verma Arnab Rakshit Anjana Bali Jasvinder Singh Bhatti Amit Khurana Umashanker Navik department of Pharmacology School of Health SciencesCentral University of PunjabBathindaPunjab 151401India department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX 77204-5000USA department of human Genetics and Molecular Medicine School of Health SciencesCentral University of PunjabBathindaPunjab 151401India

Visnagin is a furanochromone and one of the most important compound in the Ammi visnaga(L.)Lam(a synonym of Visnaga daucoides Gaertn.)plant,which is used to cure various *** investigations into the bioactive properties of visnagin have been studied to *** literature on visnagin demonstrates its biological properties,including anti-inflammatory,anti-diabetic,and beneficial effects in cardiovascular and renal ***,visnagin improves sperm quality parameters,stimulates steroidogenesis,and increases serum gonadotropins and testosterone levels,while decreasing proinflammatory cytokines,oxidative damage,genomic instability,and it modulates ***,visnagin has emerged as an exciting lead for further research,owing to its potential in various unmet clinical *** current review summarized its basic structure,pharmacokinetics,and pharmacological effects,focusing on its mechanisms of *** review will help to understand the potential of visnagin as an alternative treatment strategy for several diseases and provide insight into research topics that need further exploration for visnagin’s safe clinical use.

关键词： Visnagin Phytochemical Anti-inflammatory Ammi visnaga L. Visnaga daucoides Gaertn Cancer

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The Meat of the Matter: Plant-Based Meat Analogue versus Traditional Meat Product Nutritional Quality

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Food Science and human Wellness 2024年

作者： Arshia Shireen Amanda J Wright department of human Health and Nutritional sciences University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada bdepartment of human Health and Nutritional sciences University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada

Plant-based meat analogues (PBMA) are formulated to mimic the sensory characteristics of traditional meat products (TMP) using vegetarian ingredients and are increasingly popular with the trend towards plant-based diets， even among meat-eating consumers. This narrative review compared the nutritional quality of PBMA and TMP to broaden the discussion on the suitability of simulated meat products to substitute TMP， while exploring other attributes for their comparison. The complexity of PBMA and TMP means they are not entirely interchangeable. Importantly， PBMA health effects extend beyond their basic nutrient content and quality. Postprandial metabolism and satiety， for example， can be affected by product formulation， ingredient interactions， and thermomechanical processing involved in producing organoleptically acceptable PBMA. There are specific opportunities for low-sodium PBMA products to contribute to a healthy shift toward plant-based diets. In conclusion， PBMA cannot be assumed to be healthier than TMP. They should be designed with comprehensive consideration of composition and processing to ensure they support consumers who are adopting plant-based diets in realizing the theoretical health benefits.

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