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Hepatitis C virus NS5A promotes insulin resistance through IRS-1 serine phosphorylation and increased gluconeogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第43期21卷 12361-12369页

作者： Fahed Parvaiz Sobia Manzoor Jawed Iqbal Mehuli Sarkar-Dutta Muhammad Imran Gulam Waris Atta-urRahman School of applied Biosciences National University of Sciences and Technology department of microbiology and Immunology Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science

AIM: To investigate the mechanisms of insulin resistance in human hepatoma cells expressing hepatitis C virus(HCV) nonstructural protein 5A(NS5A).METHODS: The human hepatoma cell lines,Huh7 and Huh7.5,were infected with HCV or transientlytransfected with a vector expressing HCV NS5 A. The effect of HCV NS5 A on the status of the critical players involved in insulin signaling was analyzed using realtime quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays. Data were analyzed using Graph Pad Prism version ***: To investigate the effect of insulin treatment on the players involved in insulin signaling pathway,we analyzed the status of insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS-1) phosphorylation in HCV infected cells or Huh7.5 cells transfected with an HCV NS5 A expression vector. Our results indicated that there was an increased phosphorylation of IRS-1(Ser307) in HCV infected or NS5 A transfected Huh7.5 cells compared to their respective controls. Furthermore,an increased phosphorylation of Akt(Ser473) was observed in HCV infected and NS5 A transfected cells compared to their mock infected cells. In contrast,we observed decreased phosphorylation of Akt Thr308 phosphorylation in HCV NS5 A transfected cells. These results suggest that Huh7.5 cells either infected with HCV or ectopically expressing HCV NS5 A alone have the potential to induce insulin resistance by the phosphorylation of IRS-1 at serine residue(Ser307) followed by decreased phosphorylation of Akt Thr308,Fox01 Ser256 and GSK3β Ser9,the downstream players of the insulin signalingpathway. Furthermore,increased expression of PECK and glucose-6-phosphatase,the molecules involved in gluconeogenesis,in HCV NS5 A transfected cells was ***: Taken together,our results suggest the role of HCV NS5 A in the induction of insulin resistance by modulating various cellular targets involved in the insulin signaling pathway.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A Insulin

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Discovery and demonstration of small circular DNA molecules derived from Chinese tomato yellow leaf curl virus

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第15期45卷 1417-1421页

作者： YIN Qinyan ZHANG Ying ZHANG Yuman LIU Yule ZHANG Zhongze TIAN Po Departmenl of Molecular Virology and Bioengineering Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China department of microbiology Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110015China

Tomato yellow leaf curl viruses belong to Begomoviruses of geminiviruses. In this work, we first found and demonstrated that the small circular DNA molecules were derived from Chinese tomato yellow leaf curl viruses (TYLCV-CHI). These small circular DNA molecules are about 1.3 kb, which are half the full-length of TYLCV-CHI DNA A. It was shown by sequence determination and analysis that there was unknown-origin sequence insertion in the middle of the small molecules. These sequences of unknown-origin were neither homologous to DNA A nor to DNA B, and were formed by recombination of virus DNA and plant DNA. Although various defective molecules contained different unknown-origin sequence insertion, all the molecules contained the intergenic region and part of the AC1 (Rep) gene. But they did not contain full ORF.

关键词： geminiviruses tomato yellow leaf curl viruses genome subgene.

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Does Fasciola hepatica infection modify the response of acute hepatitis C virus infection to IFN-α treatment?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第48期11卷 7688-7689页

作者： Mehmet Sahin Mehmet Isler Altug Senol Mustafa Demirci Zeynep Dilek Aydin department of Internal Medicine department of microbiology and Parasitology

Immunologic response to acute hepatitis C is mainly a Th1 response, whereas fasciolopsiasis is associated with a diverse T-cell response. Interferon-alpha has immunomodulatory effects and enhances Th1 immune response. Fasciola infection could theoretically interfere with the Th1 immune response, even when acquired after an initial response to interferon-alpha treatment for acute hepatitis C virus （HCV） infection. We report here the case of a male patient who acquired Fasciola hepatica infection after an initial response to IFN-alpha therapy with a favorable outcome.

关键词： Hepatitis C Interferon Fasciola hepatica

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Suramin Inhibits the In Vitro Expression of Encephalitis B Virus Proteins NS3 and E

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2003年第4期23卷 375-379页

作者：徐可树任宏宇朱剑文杨昀廖芳 department of Gastroenterology department of microbiology

In this study, the mechanism by which Suramin inhibits the replication of epidemic encephalitis B virus was explored to provide a theoretical basis for its further application in clinical practice. After viral infection of HepG2 and IMR 32 cells, different concentrations of Suramin were added to the culture media, and then the cultural supernatants and infected cells were collected 48 h later. For the evaluation of the curative effect, cytopathic effect (CPE), virus titers, the expression of viral protein and viral RNA were determined by Western blot, RT PCR and in vitro RNA synthesis, respectively. At the concentration of 50 μg/ml of Suramin, HepG2 and IMR 32 infected with epidemic encephalitis B virus decreased by 51.8 % and 0.03 % respectively, as compared with controls. It was suggested that expression of encephalitis B virus proteins NS3 and E was notably reduced by Suramin. This is especially true of E protein. At RNA level, however, no difference in RNA virus was found between Suramin treated virus and non treated cells. Our results suggest that Suramin can inhibit viral replication by blocking the production of viral proteins.

关键词： Suramin antiviral activity encephalitis B virus

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Cellulase production by Aspergillus unguis in solid state fermentation

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 205-212页

作者： K.Shruthi P.Suresh Yadav B.V.Siva Prasad M.Subhosh Chandra department of microbiology Yogi Vemana University

Lignocellulosic substrates are a good carbon source and provide rich growth media for a variety of microorganisms which prodLuce industrially important enzymes. Cellulases are a group of hydrolytic enzymes such as filter paperase (FPase), carboxymethyl cellulase(CMCase) andβ-glucosidase-responsible for release of sugars in the bioconversion of the lignocellulosic biomass into a variety of value-added products. This study examined cellulase production by a newly isolated Aspergillus unguis on individual lignocellulosic substrates in solid state fermentation (SSF). The maximum peak production of enzymes varied from one substrate to another, however,based on the next best solid support and local availability of groundnut fodder supported maximum enzyme yields compared with other solid supports used in this *** fodder supported significant production of FPase (5.9 FPU/g of substrate), CMCase (1.1 U/g of substrate) andβ-glucosidase activity (6.5 U/g of substrate) in SSF. Considerable secretion of protein (27.0 mg/g of substrate) on groundnut fodder was recorded. Constant increment of protein content in groundnut fodder due to cultivation of A. unguis is an interesting observation and it has implications for the improvement of nutritive value of groundnut fodder for cattle.

关键词： Lignocellulosic substrates Aspergillus unguis Cellulase Solid state fermentation

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HBeAg negative serological status and low viral replication levels characterize chronic hepatitis B virus-infected women at reproductive age in Greece: A one-year prospective single center study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第31期11卷 4879-4882页

作者： Ioannis S. Elefsiniotis Irene Glynou Ioanna Magaziotou Konstantinos D. Pantazis Nikolaos V. Fotos Hero Brokalaki Helen Kada George Saroglou department of Internal Medicine department of microbiology department of Neonatology

AIM： To evaluate the seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） in 13 581 women at reproductive age and the hepatitis B e antigen （HBeAg）/anti-HBe status as well as serum hepatitis B virus （HBV）-DNA levels in a subgroup of HBsAg（＋） pregnant women at labor in Greece. METHODS： Serological markers were detected using enzyme immunoassays. Serum HBV-DNA was determined by a sensitive quantitative PCR assay. Statistical analysis of data was based on parametric methodology. RESULTS： Overall, 1.156% of women were HBsAg（＋） and the majority of them （71.3%） were Albanian. The prevalence of HBsAg was 5.1% in Albanian women, 4.2% in Asian women and 1.14% in women from Eastern European countries. The prevalence of HBsAg in African （0.36%） and Greek women （0.29%） was very low. Only 4.45% of HBsAg （＋） women were also HBeAg（＋） whereas the vast majority of them were HBeAg（-）/anti-HBe（＋）. Undetectable levels of viremia （〈200 copies/mL） were observed in 32.26% of pregnant women at labor and 29.03% exhibited extremely low levels of viral replication （〈400 copies/mL）. Only two pregnant women exhibited extremely high serum HBV- DNA levels （〉10 000 000 copies/mL）, whereas 32.26% exhibited HBV-DNA levels between 1 500 and 40 000 copies/mL. CONCLUSION： The overall prevalence of HBsAg is relatively low among women at reproductive age in Greece but is higher enough among specific populations. The HBeAg（-）/anti-HBe（＋） serological status and the extremely low or even undetectable viral replicative status in the majority/of HBsAg（＋） women of our study population, suggestthat only a small proportion of HBsAg（＋） women in Greece exhibit a high risk for vertical transmission of the infection.

关键词： Hepatitis B Reproductive age Verticaltransmission HBeAg HBV-DNA

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Geochemical fractionation and ecological risks assessment of benthic sediment-bound heavy metals from coastal ecosystems off the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第3期32卷 410-420页

作者： Nsikak U.Benson Essien D.Udosen Joseph P.Essien Winifred U.Anake Adebusayo E.Adedapo Oyeronke A.Akintokun Omowunmi H.Fred-Ahmadu Abass A.Olajire Analytical and Environmental Chemistry Unit Department of Chemistry Covenant University department of Chemistry University of Uyo department of microbiology University of Uyo department of Pure and applied Chemistry Ladoke Akintola University of Technology

This study determines the pollution, fractionation, and ecological risks of sediment-bound heavy metals from coastal ecosystems off the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Contamination Factor(CF), pollution load index(PLI), and geoaccumulation index(Igeo) were used to assess the extent of the heavy metal pollution, while the potential ecological risk was evaluated using the risks assessment code(RAC) and Hkanson potential ecological risk. The analysis revealed concentrations(mg/g, dw) of the cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr), copper(Cu), nickel(Ni), and lead(Pb) in sediments for wet and dry seasons vary from 4.40-5.08, 14.80-21.09. 35.03-44.8, 2.14-2.28, and 172.24-196.39, respectively. The results also showed that the metal fractionation percentages in the residual, oxidizable, and reducible fractions are the most significant, while the exchangeable and carbonate bound trace metals are relatively low. The RAC values indicate no risk for Cd and Ni and low risk for other metals at all the studied sites during both *** ecological risk analysis of the heavy metal concentrations indicates that Cd had high individual potential ecological risk, while the other metals have low risk at all investigated sites. The multi-elemental potential ecological risk indices(R1) indicate high ecological risk in all the ecosystems.

关键词： Speciation Heavy metal pollution Ecological risk assessment Contamination indicators Spatial distribution

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Microbiological assessment of indoor air of a teaching hospital in Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第6期2卷 465-468页

作者： Awosika SA Olajubu FA Amusa NA department of microbiology Olabisi Onabanjo University department of Medical microbiology & Parasitology Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital department of Plant Science & applied Zoology Olabisi Onabanjo University

Objective:To investigate the quality of indoor air of different wards and units of Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, to ascertain their contribution to infection rate in the ***:The microbial quality of indoor air of nine wards/units of Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria was conducted. Sedimentation technique using open Petri-dishes containing different culture media was employed and samplings were done twice daily, one in the morning shortly after cleaning and before influx of people/patients into the wards/units and the other in the evening when a lot of activities would have taken place in these wards. Isolates were identified according to standard ***:Results showed that there was a statistically significant difference(氈2= 6.0167) in the bacteria population of the different sampling time whereas it was not so for fungi population(氈2= 0.2857). Male medical ward(MMW) and male surgical general(MSG) recorded the highest bacterial and fungal growth while the operating theatre(OT) was almost free of microbial burden. The bacteria isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiellasp., Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes andSerratia marscenceswhile the fungi isolates includedAspergillus flavus, Penicilliumsp.,Fusariumsp.,Candida *** aureuswas the predominantly isolated bacterium whilePenicilliumsp. was the most isolated ***:Though most of the microbial isolates were potential and or opportunistic pathogens, there was no correlation between the isolates in this study and the surveillance report of nosocomial infection during the period of study, hence the contribution of the indoor air cannot be established. From the reduction noticed in the morning samples, stringent measures such as proper disinfection and regular cleaning, restriction of patient relatives' movement in and out of the wards/units need to be enforced so as to imp

关键词： Indoor air OOUTH Open-plate technique Nosocomial infections Staphylococcus aureus Microbiological assessment Microbial quality Bacterial isolate Fungal isolate Opportunistic pathogen Nosocomial infection Infection rate Microbial isolate Penicilliumsp Sedimentation technique

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第8期6卷 720-726页

作者： Amina Hoceini Nihel Klouche Khelil Ilhem Ben-Yelles Amine Mesli Sara Ziouani Lotfi Ghellai Nadia Aissaoui Fatima Nas Mounia Arab Laboratory of applied microbiology in Food Biomedical and Environment Department of Biology Faculty of Nature and Life University of Tlemcen Laboratory of Experimental Surgery Dental Surgery Department Faculty of Medicine University of Tlemcen Laboratory of applied Molecular Biology and Immunology Department of Biology University of Tlemcen

Objective: To compare oral hygiene practices, education and social background, food intake and oral malodor of Algerian adults suffering from dental caries with normal controls, and to determine and compare the bacterial composition of the supragingival plaques from the above-mentioned ***: Participants completed a questionnaire and were clinically examined for dental caries using decayed, missing and filled teeth index according to the criteria laid down by the World Health Organization. Supragingival plaque samples were collected from 50 caries-free adults(CF) and 50 caries-active adults(CA). Standard procedures of culture and identification of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were used. Data were analyzed using Chi-square ***: A total of 117 bacterial strains were isolated from supragingival plaques in CF group subjects, 76(64.96%) of them belonged to 9 aerobic genera, and 41(35.04%) to 9anaerobic genera(P < 0.05). While in the second group, 199 strains were isolated, 119(59.80%) of the strains belonged to 10 aerobic genera and 80(40.20%) to 10 anaerobic bacteria(P < 0.05). Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecium, Aerococcus viridans,Actinomyces meyeri, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Eubacterium limosum showed a significantly higher prevalence in the CA group(P < 0.05). The findings revealed that CA group had a high sugar intake(80%). A significantly higher frequency of tooth brushing(P < 0.000) and a significantly less self-reported oral malodor(P < 0.000) and tooth pain(P < 0.000) were found in CF group, while there was no association of socioeconomic levels and intake of meal snacks with dental ***: This study confirms the association of some aciduric bacteria with caries formation, and a direct association of sugar intake and cultural level with dental ***, oral hygiene practices minimize the prevalence of tooth decay.

关键词： Supragingival plaque Caries-free Caries-active Bacterial composition Algerian adults Cultural level Food intake

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Antiplatelet aggregation activity of some ferrocenylphenylimine compounds

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第6期26卷 460-464页

作者： Monisola I.Ikhile Foluso O.Osunsanmi Andy R.Opoku J.Catherine Ngila department of applied Chemistry University of JohannesburgDoornfontein Campus department of Biochemistry and microbiology University of Zululandprivate Bag X1001

Platelet hyper-aggregability triggered death and disability due to cardiovascular diseases is increasing worldwide and becoming a global concern. Therefore, it is necessary to synthesize newer drugs for the management of platelet aggregation. In this study, we investigated the antiplatelet aggregation activity of a novel series of ferrocenylimine compounds(3–10), N-(3-nitro-2-hydroxylbenzylidene)-3-ferrocenylimine(3), N-(3-bromo-2-hydroxylbenzylidene)-3-ferrocenylimine(4), N-(3-bromo-5-chlorosalicylidene)-3-ferrocenylimine(5), N-(ferrocenylformidene)-3-ferrocenylimine(6), N-(3-nitro-2-hydroxylbenzylidene)-4-ferrocenylimine(7), N-(3-bromo-2-hydroxylbenzylidene)-4-ferrocenylimine(8), N-(3-bromo-5-chlorosalicyl)-4-ferrocenylimine(9), N-(ferrocenylformidene)-4-ferrocenylimine(10) on thrombin-and ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The synthesized ferrocenylimine compounds(3–10) were found to exhibit higher antiplatelet aggregation activity than their precursors, which are 3-ferrocenylaniline(compound 1) and 4-ferrocenylaniline(compound 2). Among the derivatives, compounds 5, 6 and 10 possessed excellent platelet aggregation inhibition against the agonists.

关键词： Ferrocene Imine Antiplatelet aggregation Thrombin Platelet

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