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A step forward in breeding for ratooning ability in rice

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 368-369页

作者： Amelia Henry Rice breeding Innovations department International Rice Research InstituteLos BanosLagunaPhilippines

Rice ratoon cropping,or the cultivation of tillers that have regrown from existing stem nodes of a harvested crop,is currently a hot topic in agriculture,and record-high ratoon crop yields have been achieved in China(Xu et al.,2021).Although rice ratoon cropping is most appropriate for certain agro-ecosystems with a suitable climate and cropping schedule,it is a promising strategy to simultaneously increase productivity while reducing inputs and *** ratoon cropping may thereby contribute to global food security and agro-ecosystem sustainability.

关键词： breeding cropping thereby

The anthocyanin formation of purple leaf is associated with the activation of LfiHY5 and LfiMYB75 in crape myrtle

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第5期10卷 1230-1246页

作者： Lu Feng Ping Shen Xiufeng Chi Yang Zhou Jieru Liu Tangren Cheng Jia Wang Qixiang Zhang Ming Cai Huitang Pan State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular BreedingNational Engineering Research Center for FloricultureBeijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological EnvironmentKey Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education and College of Landscape ArchitectureBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Purple-leafed plants not only have a higher resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses,but also have higher ornamental *** are vital for leaf color formation,growth and development of purple ***,the molecular mechanism underlying purple leaf formation in Lagerstroemia indica remains *** and transcriptomic analysis of purple-leafed cultivar‘Ebony Embers’and greenleafed cultivar‘Arapahoe’showed that the high expression of anthocyanin structure genes induced hyperaccumulation of cyanidin and pelargonidin derivatives,making the leaves ***5,LfiMYB75 and LfibHLH1 were identified using correlation analysis and weighted gene co-expression network ***‘Arapahoe’‘Ebony Embers’population,LfiHY5 and LfiMYB75 showed significant positive correlation with leaf anthocyanin *** expression of LfiMYB75 and LfiHY5 in tobacco and purple-leafed crape myrtle indicated that the two genes activated anthocyanin *** two-hybrid analysis showed that LfiMYB75 and LfibHLH1 could form a complex that enhanced anthocyanin *** monohybrid and dual-luciferase assays confirmed that LfiHY5 activated the expression of LfiMYB75,to activate the transcription of anthocyanin structural genes LfiCHS and ***,there were three alleles of LfiHY5 in crape myrtle,and the different sequences had different activation effects on *** conclusion,the results showed that LfiHY5 led to upregulate the transcription of LfiMYB75,and LfiMYB75 formed a complex with LfibHLH1,which increased the transcription level of LfiCHS and LfiANS to affect anthocyanin synthesis in crape myrtle.

关键词： Lagerstroemia indica Leaf color Anthocyanin HY5 MYB bHLH

Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Formation Mechanism of Anthocyanins Light-Independent Synthesis in Chrysanthemum

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1599-1621页

作者： Fangye Liu Jiaping Qu Yajun Li Jiawei Fan Yumeng Cui Jingwen Wu Xueqi Gu Xia Li He Huang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree breeding by Molecular Design Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular BreedingNational Engineering Research Center for FloricultureBeijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological EnvironmentKey Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Education MinistrySchool of Landscape ArchitectureBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Urban Construction School Beijing City UniversityBeijing100083China

Chrysanthemum×morifolium is a horticultural crop which plays a vital role in theﬂower industry with signiﬁ-cant economic value and has a cultivation history of over three thousand years in *** accumulation of anthocyanins is always affected by ***,we revealed that anthocyanin accumulation is highly dependent on light in‘2021135’genotype chrysanthemum,while it is light-independent in‘2001402’genotype ***,no literature has been reported regarding the non-photosensitive chrysanthemum in anthocya-nins light-independent synthesis *** the phenotype analysis of 44 F1 generations,we found that light-independence is a dominant trait which can be stable inherited by *** transcriptome of the rayﬂorets of‘2021135’and‘2001402’under light and bagging treatment were sequenced and *** on weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),K-means analysis,and Real-Time Quantitative Poly-merase Chain Reaction(RT-qPCR)analysis,16 genes were highly correlated with the anthocyanin *** anthocyanin content of rayﬂorets treated with different light-quality conditions indicated that blue light signiﬁ-cantly affected anthocyanin *** Yeast one-hybrid analysis,CmBIC1.1 and CmBIC1.2 can directly regulate the anthocyanin structural gene *** our study,we revealed the important characteristics of light-independent anthocyanin synthesis in chrysanthemums and screened regulatory factors in light-depen-dent and light-independent anthocyanin synthesis *** results laid the groundwork for subsequent ana-lysis of the molecular mechanism involved in the light-independent synthesis of anthocyanins in chrysanthemums.

关键词： Chrysanthemum non-photosensitive transcriptome anthocyanin biosynthesis

Unveiling the distinctive traits of functional rye centromeres:minisatellites,retrotransposons,and R-loop formation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 1989-2002页

作者： Chang Liu Shulan Fu Congyang Yi Yang Liu Yuhong Huang Xianrui Guo Kaibiao Zhang Qian Liu James A.Birchler Fangpu Han State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory for Plant genetics and breeding Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Division of Biological Science University of MissouriColumbia 65211-7400USA

Centromeres play a vital role in cellular division by facilitating kinetochore assembly and spindle *** their conserved functionality,centromeric DNA sequences exhibit rapid evolution,presenting diverse sizes and compositions across *** functional significance of rye centromeric DNA sequences,particularly in centromere identity,remains *** this study,we comprehensively characterized the sequence composition and organization of rye *** findings revealed that these centromeres are primarily composed of long terminal repeat retrotransposons(LTR-RTs)and interspersed *** systematically classified LTR-RTs into five categories,highlighting the prevalence of younger CRS1,CRS2,and CRS3 of CRSs(centromeric retrotransposons of Secale cereale)were primarily located in the core centromeres and exhibited a higher association with CENH3 *** minisatellites,mainly derived from retrotransposons,along with CRSs,played a pivotal role in establishing functional centromeres in ***,we observed the formation of R-loops at specific regions of CRS1,CRS2,and CRS3,with both rye pericentromeres and centromeres exhibiting enrichment in ***,these R-loops selectively formed at binding regions of the CENH3 nucleosome in rye centromeres,suggesting a potential role in mediating the precise loading of CENH3 to centromeres and contributing to centromere *** work provides insights into the DNA sequence composition,distribution,and potential function of R-loops in rye *** knowledge contributes valuable information to understanding the genetics and epigenetics of rye centromeres,offering implications for the development of synthetic centromeres in future plant modifications and beyond.

关键词： centromere LTR-RTs minisatellite rye R-loop

OsbZIP53 Negatively Regulates Immunity Response by Involving in Reactive Oxygen Species and Salicylic Acid Metabolism in Rice

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 190-202,I0022-I0028页

作者： WU Lijuan HAN Cong WANG Huimei HE Yuchang LIN Hai WANG Lei CHEN Chen E Zhiguo State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular breeding/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Agricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

The basic region/leucine zipper(bZIP)transcription factors play important roles in plant development and responses to abiotic and biotic ***53 regulates resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae in rice by analyzing APIP5-RNAi transgenic *** further investigate the biological functions of OsbZIP53,we generated osbzip53 mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 editing and also constructed OsbZIP53 over-expression transgenic *** analysis of phenotypical,physiological,and transcriptional data showed that knocking-out OsbZIP53 not only improved disease resistance by inducing a hypersensitivity response in plants,but also regulated the immune response through the salicylic acid ***,disrupting OsbZIP53 increased H2O2 accumulation by promoting reactive oxygen species generation through up-regulation of several respiratory burst oxidase homologs(Osrboh genes)and weakened H2O2 degradation by directly targeting *** addition,the growth of osbzip53 mutants was seriously impaired,while OsbZIP53 over-expression lines displayed a similar phenotype to the wild type,suggesting that OsbZIP53 has a balancing effect on rice immune response and growth.

关键词： OsbZIP53 hypersensitive response reactive oxygen species metabolism rice immunity salicylic acid transcription factor

Characterization and screening of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)germplasm for leafhopper(Amrasca biguttula biguttula(Ishida))resistance

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 188-195页

作者： Mawblei Chossterfield Premalatha Nallathambi Manivannan Alagarsamy Senguttuvan Kannan department of genetics and Plant breeding Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatore 641003India department of Cotton Tamil Nadu Agricultural UniversityCoimbatore 641003India Indian Council of Agricultural Research‑Centre Institute for Cotton Research Regional StationCoimbatore 641003India

Background Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)is one of the most significant fibre and cash crops and plays an important role in Indian industrial and agricultural ***,over the years quantity and quality have been hampered by the pest *** alone has been shown to cause yield losses of up to 40%.In this study,screening and evaluation were performed to identify and categorize 100 cotton genotypes along with 5 checks as resistant,moderately resistant,sensitive and highly sensitive to *** A total of hundred genotypes were evaluated along with five checks for leafhopper *** on the screening results,a total of 19 genotypes were resistant to leafhoppers,which was on par with the findings of the check KC *** contents of total soluble sugar,total soluble protein,and total free amino acids were significantly positively correlated with the mean grade,whereas total phenols content and trichome density were significantly negatively correlated with the susceptibility ***,based on screening and biochemical analysis,the genotypes KC 2,JR-23,Samaru-26-T,D 4,TCH 1728,RS 253,and B-61-1862 exhibited high resistance to *** According to the findings of this study,choosing genotypes with high total phenolics content together with high trichome density and low contents of total soluble sugar,total soluble protein,and free amino acids may aid in the development of resistant genotypes.

关键词： Gossypium Amrasca biguttula biguttula Field screening Host plant resistance Biochemical parameters

CRISPR/CasRx-mediated resistance to Soybean mosaic virus in soybean

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1093-1101页

作者： Le Gao Lijun Xie Yanmin Xiao Xinge Cheng Ruosi Pu Ziheng Zhang Yu Liu Shaopei Gao Zilong Zhang Haoran Qu Haijian Zhi Kai Li MARA Key Laboratory of Biology and genetics Improvement of Soybean Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory(ZSBBL)National Innovation Platform for Soybean Breeding and Industry-Education IntegrationState Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and UtilizationNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina department of Horticulture Beijing Vocational College of AgricultureBeijing 102442China College of Agronomy&Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866LiaoningChina

Soybean mosaic virus(SMV),an RNA virus,is the most common and destructive pathogenic virus in soybean *** newly developed CRISPR/Cas immune system has provided a novel strategy for improving plant resistance to viruses;hence,this study aimed to engineer SMV resistance in soybean using this ***,multiple sgRNAs were designed to target positive-and/or negative-sense strands of the SMV HC-Pro ***,the corresponding CRISPR/CasRx vectors were constructed and transformed into *** inoculation with SMV,39.02%,35.77%,and 18.70%of T_(1)plants were confirmed to be highly resistant(HR),resistant(R),and mildly resistant(MR)to SMV,respectively,whereas only 6.50%were identified as susceptible(S).Additionally,qRT-PCR and DAS-ELISA showed that,both at 15 and 30 d post-inoculation(dpi),SMV accumulation significantly decreased or was even undetectable in HR and R plants,followed by MR and S ***,the expression level of the CasRx gene varied in almost all T_(1)plants with different resistance level,both at 15 and 30 ***,when SMV resistance was evaluated in the T_(2)generation,the results were similar to those recorded for the T_(1)*** findings provide new insights into the application of the CRISPR/CasRx system for soybean improvement and offer a promising alternative strategy for breeding for resistance to biotic stress that will contribute to the development of SMV-immune soybean germplasm to accelerate progress towards greater soybean crop productivity.

关键词： Soybean RNA virus Soybean mosaic virus Resistance CRISPR/CasRx

Genome-Wide Characterization of the Hyaluronidase Gene Family and Their Potential Roles in Viviparous Black Rockfish(Sebastes schlegeli)

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 487-498页

作者： LIU Zhiying NIU Jingning ZHAO Xi LIU Huaxiang LI Zibin HE Yan QI Jie MOE Key Laboratory of Marine genetics and breeding College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province Sanya Oceanographic InstituteOcean University of ChinaSanya 572025China

Black rockfish(Sebastes schlegelii)has evolved viviparous reproduction *** from the oviparous fishes,the spermatozoa of black rockfish are stored on the surface of ovarian follicle for over four months until the egg mature in ovary,while the adaptive evolution of fertilization-related genes remains to be *** the present study,based on the genome and transcriptome information of black rockfish,a total of 10 hyaluronidase genes were identified by phylogenetic and sequence analyses,including hyal1,hyal2,hyal3,hyal4,hyal6 and spam1a,spam1b,spam1c and *** spam1 subfamilies,including spam1a,spam1b,spam1c and spam1d,were significantly expanded compared to other *** adaptive evolution of hyaluronidase was further investigated by selection pressure analysis of branch model and branch site *** results showed that only spam1 subfamily was positively selected with a large number of positive selection sites,and the evolution rate was significantly higher thanthose of other *** positively selected sites,LYS-171 and GLY-164,were located in the neutral hyaluronidase activity domain,which was pivotal for SPAM1 to participate in enzymatic hydrolysis of the extracellular hyaluronic acid matrix and mediate acrosome reaction in ***,spam1 was mainly expressed in spermatocytes,secondary spermatocytes,and spermatids of testis,whereas it was not found in metamorphic sperm and mature sperm based on the spatiotemporal expression *** results indicated that spam1 might originate from the testis and might be an adaptation of viviparous trait in black rockfish.

关键词： adaptation of viviparous black rockfish(Sebastes schlegelii) hyaluronidase selective pressure analysis

GINS1 as a Novel Biomarker of Survival in Colon Adenocarcinoma Patients-A Secondary Publication

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第3期8卷 60-67页

作者： Muhammad Umair Abid Yasir Hameed department of Plant breeding and genetics University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpurPakistan

The study focused on elaborating the role of GINS1 expression and its regulatory mechanisms in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). Using the UALCAN informational index, GINS1 expression assessment unveiled a critical up- regulation in malignant cells that stood out from normal controls, suggesting its contribution to COAD expansion. Further dismantling GINS1 expression across various boundaries revealed unsurprising up-regulation in different malignant development stages, racial groups, genders, and age classes in COAD patients, characteristics for its imperative role in cancer progression. Moreover, this study investigated the promoter methylation status of GINS1, uncovering a critical uniqueness between COAD samples and normal controls. Analyzing promoter methylation across various clinical boundaries uncovered powerful variations, with particular methylation patterns seen across cancer stages, race groups, genders, and age groups. Survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter tool showed a colossal connection between GINS1 expression levels and overall survival (OS) in COAD patients, with low GINS1 expression interfacing with higher OS. Additionally, mutational examination using the cBioPortal stage revealed that no critical change was found in COAD. Overall, these findings revealed the complex contribution of GINS1 in COAD pathogenesis, underlining its actual limit as a prognostic biomarker and supportive therapeutic agent in COAD management.

关键词： Colon adenocarcinoma Diagnosis Treatment