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Predicting the distribution of thin bed reservoirs by broad frequency band seismic

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Applied Geophysics 2007年第2期4卷 118-126页

作者： Li Zishun Guo Xuebin Exploration and development Research Institute of daqing oilfield company ltd. Daqing 163000 China China University of Geosciences （Beijing） Beijing 10083 China

Recognition of thin interbedded reservoirs in the middle-shallow strata in the Songliao Basin is a great difficulty. In order to resolve this problem, we present a technique for predicting the distribution of thin reservoirs using a broad frequency band and ultra high resolution seismic. Based on forward modeling, we recognized that a thin bed seismic reflection is characterized by changing amplitude with changing frequency （amplitude versus frequency, AVF）. We calculate the thickness of thin reservoirs from their AVF characteristics and predict the distribution of thin bed reservoir using broad frequency band and ultra high resolution seismic. The technique has been applied in the 3D seismic area of Zhaoyuan in the northern part of the Songliao Basin. The seismic resolution is increased by two or three times over that of conventional seismic and many thin reservoirs have been identified. The technique has extensive application to the exploration and development of oil and gas, such as optimizing the location of exploration wells, the design of wells （especially horizontal wells）, choice of production test layers, analyzing reservoir continuity in development wells, and so on.

关键词： thin reservoir seismic prediction AVF characteristics Songliao Basin.

A Predictive Model of Enhanced Oil Recovery by Infill Drilling and Its Application

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Petroleum Science 2007年第3期4卷 47-50页

作者： Xu Jianhong Cheng Linsong Ma Lili School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China The Fourth Production Factory Daqing Oilfield Daqing Helongjiang 163511 China

Infill drilling is now recognized as a viable improved recovery process. However, the reliable prediction of incremental recovery by infill drilling cannot be readily and accurately determined by present techniques. This paper proposes a hybrid predictive model of stream tube simulation and numerical simulation by using the contemporary theory of fluid flow in porous media. The model calculates the geometries of stream tubes, remaining oil distribution and water cut at different development stages in the near future, and uses a three-dimensional simulation to track fluid movement in each stream tube slice. This will help reservoir engineers to determine the feasibility of infill drilling. This predictive model is used to forecast the degree of control of well pattern, the ultimate incremental recovery of infill wells within an inverted 5-spot case in an oilfield and the economic benefit is also analyzed.

关键词： Predictive model infill drilling stream tube numerical simulation recovery process

Identification of the lower limit of high-quality source rocks and its relation to hydrocarbon accumulation——Taking the Beier Sag in the Hailaer Basin as an example

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Petroleum Science 2012年第1期9卷 10-17页

作者： Lu Shuangfang Chen Fangwen Li Jijun Wang Weiming Li Huiguang Cao Ruicheng Ma Yanling college of Geosciences Northeast Petroleum UniversityHeilongjiang 163318China Province Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanism and Resource Prediction Heilongjiang 163318China The Halaer Exploratory development Headquarters Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd.Heilongjiang 163000China

The theory of ＂source rock control＂ has evolved from source-rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation, to effective source-rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation, and to high-quality source- rock-control hydrocarbon accumulation. However, there are problems, such as whether high-quality source rocks exist or not？ What high-quality source rocks are, and how to identify them, are yet to be agreed upon. Aimed at this issue of concern to explorationists, and taking the Beier Sag in the Hailaer Basin as an example, this paper defines the high-quality source rocks and the lower limit for evaluation of high-quality source rocks, by using the inflection point on the relationship curve of hydrocarbon （oil） expulsion, which is calculated by the material balance principle, versus total organic carbon （TOC）. The results show that when TOC is low, all source rocks have limited hydrocarbon expulsion and slow growth rate, thus they cannot be high-quality source rocks. However, when TOC rises to some threshold, hydrocarbon expulsion increases significantly with TOC. This inflection point should be the lower limit of high-quality source rocks： those with TOC greater than the inflection-point value are high-quality source rocks. In addition, the lower limit of high-quality source rocks is also related to the type and maturity of organic matters in the source rocks, as well as the mineral components of the source rocks affecting the residual hydrocarbons. Theoretically, the lower limit of high-quality source rocks depends on geological conditions rather than being a constant value. However, for the sake of simplicity and practicability, in this paper TOC=2.0% is regarded as the lower limit of high-quality source rocks. The examination of such standard in the work area indicates that the high-quality source rocks in members K^n2 and K^n~ of the Nantun formation contribute 76% and 82% to oil generation, and 96% and 91% to oil expulsion, respectively. The distribution of high-quality source r

关键词： High-quality source rocks material balance oil generation oil expulsion hydrocarbongeneration potential Beier Sag

Experimental analysis of the pore structure, relative permeability, and water flooding characteristics of the Yan'an Formation sandstone, southwestern Ordos Basin

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Energy Geoscience 2023年第3期4卷 182-192页

作者： Ying Yang Xin Zhang Xiaofeng Zhou Anlun Wang Jiangtao Li Key Laboratory of continental Shale Hydrocarbon Accumulation and Efficient development(Northeast Petroleum University) Ministry of EducationNortheast Petroleum UniversityDaqingHeilongjiang 163318China Institute of Unconventional Oil&Gas Northeast Petroleum UniversityDaqingHeilongjiang 163318China Geology Party of the Third Oil Production Plant Daqing Oilfield CompanyDaqingHeilongjiang163318China

The oil and gas potential of the Yan'an Formation in the Ordos Basin has yet to be fully tapped. In this study, the pore structure, mobile fluid saturation, and water flooding micro-mechanism of the Yan'an Formation sandstone are systematically studied through the application of a series of rock physics and fluid experiments. The results show that there is a good positive correlation between porosity and permeability, and the reservoirs are divided into types Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ. Mercury injection tests show that the average pore throat radius of the oil-bearing reservoir ranges from 1 to 7 μm. The displacement pressure of the Yan'an Formation is also relatively low, and it decreases from 0.1 MPa to 0.01 MPa as the rock porosity increases from 11% to 18%. NMR tests show that small (diameter covery rate is less than 1 ml/min, the oil displacement efficiency increases faster. However, when the average oil recovery rate is between 1–3.5 ml/min, the oil displacement efficiency is maintained at around 27%–30%. Physical properties of the reservoir, pore-throat structure, experimental pressure difference, and pore volume injected — all have significant effects on oil displacement efficiency. For Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅱ reservoirs, the increase of the pore volume injected has a significant effect on oil displacement efficiency. However, for Type Ⅲ reservoirs, the change of pore volume injected has insignificant effect on oil displacement efficiency. This study provides a reference for the formulation of estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) measures for similar sandstone reservoirs.

关键词： Pore suuctue Relative permeability test Nudear magnetic Tesonance Water fooding experiment Yan'an Formation Ordos Basin

controlling the uncertainty in reservoir stochastic simulation

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Petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 472-476页

作者： Cui Yong Chi Bo Chen Guo Ouyang Cheng Xia Bairu China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Research Institute of daqing oilfield company ltd. Heilongjiang 163712 China Geological Exploration ＆ development Research Institute PetroChina Chuanqing Drilling Engineering CompanyChengdu Sichuan 610051 China

Unexpected noise in reservoir stochastic simulation realization may be too high to make the realization useful, especially when there is a lack of hard data. Through discussing the uncertainties, we present two ways to control the uncertainty ratio that is brought by the algorithm of stochastic simulation. By reasonably reducing the random value of the stochastic simulation result, the unexpected values introduced by the residual that associates with random series can be controlled. Another way when the data disperse unevenly is to control the stochastic simulation order by grouping the points that need to be simulated to make those points which can be simulated by more neighborhood hard data calculated first. Both methods do not go against the core stochastic simulation algorithm.

关键词： Reservoir stochastic simulation hard data Kriging algorithm residual realization

development characteristics and orientation of tight oil and gas in China

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Petroleum Exploration and development 2019年第6期46卷 1073-1087页

作者： SUN Longde ZOU Caineng JIA Ailin WEI Yunsheng ZHU Rukai WU Songtao GUO Zhi Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for the Study of Tight Oil and Shale Oil Accumulation Daqing 163712China PetroChina daqing oilfield company ltd. Daqing 163002China PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&development Beijing 100083China

Through reviewing the development history of tight oil and gas in China,summarizing theoretical understandings in exploration and development,and comparing the geological conditions and development technologies objectively in China and the United States,we clarified the progress and stage of tight oil and gas exploration and development in China,and envisaged the future development orientation of theory and technology,process methods and development *** nearly a decade,relying on the exploration and development practice,science and technology research and management innovation,huge breakthroughs have been *** laws of formation,distribution and accumulation of tight oil and gas have been researched,the development theories such as"multi-stage pressure drop"and"man-made reservoirs"have been established,and several technology series have been innovated and *** technology series include enrichment regions selection,well pattern deployment,single well production and recovery factor enhancement,and low cost *** a result,both of reserves and production of tight oil and gas increase ***,limited by the sedimentary environment and tectonic background,compared with North America,China’s tight oil and gas reservoirs are worse in continuity,more difficult to develop and poorer in economic ***,there are still some gaps in reservoir identification accuracy and stimulating technology between China and North *** the future,Chinese oil and gas companies should further improve the resource evaluation method,tackle key technologies such as high-precision 3D seismic interpretation,man-made reservoir,and intelligent engineering,innovate theories and technologies to enhance single well production and recovery rate,and actively endeavor to get the finance and tax subsidy on tight oil and gas.

关键词： tight oil and gas development history theoretical and technological advancement man-made oil and gas reservoir enhancing recovery factor development orientation

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A production prediction method of single well in water flooding oilfield based on integrated temporal convolutional network model

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Petroleum Exploration and development 2022年第5期49卷 1150-1160页

作者： ZHANG Lei DOU Hongen WANG Tianzhi WANG Hongliang PENG Yi ZHANG Jifeng LIU Zongshang MI Lan JIANG Liwei PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & development Beijing 100083China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development Daqing Oilfield CompanyDaqing 163000China

Since the oil production of single well in water flooding reservoir varies greatly and is hard to predict, an oil production prediction method of single well based on temporal convolutional network(TCN) is proposed and verified. This method is started from data processing, the correspondence between water injectors and oil producers is determined according to the influence radius of the water injectors, the influence degree of a water injector on an oil producer in the month concerned is added as a model feature, and a Random Forest(RF) model is built to fill the dynamic data of water flooding. The single well history is divided into 4 stages according to its water cut, that is, low water cut, middle water cut, high water cut and extra-high water cut stages. In each stage, a TCN based prediction model is established, hyperparameters of the model are optimized by the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA). Finally, the models of the 4 stages are integrated into one whole-life model of the well for production prediction. The application of this method in daqing oilfield, NE China shows that:(1) compared with conventional data processing methods, the data obtained by this processing method are more close to the actual production, and the data set obtained is more authentic and complete.(2) The TCN model has higher prediction accuracy than other 11 models such as Long Short Term Memory(LSTM).(3) compared with the conventional full-life-cycle models, the model of integrated stages can significantly reduce the error of production prediction.

关键词： single well production prediction temporal convolutional network time series prediction water flooding reservoir

Investigation of regulating rheological properties of water-based drilling fluids by ultrasound

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Petroleum Science 2021年第6期18卷 1698-1708页

作者： Wei-An Huang Jing-Wen Wang Ming Lei Gong-Rang Li Zhi-Feng Duan Zhi-Jun Li Shi-Fu Yu School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering co. Ltd.Drilling Technology Research InstituteDongying257017ShandongChina Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute of Changqing oilfield Branch Xi'an710018ShaanxiChina Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas development China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina sPetroChina daqing oilfield co. Ltd.Research Institute of Oil Production EngineeringDaqing163000HeilongjiangChina

Regulating rheological properties of water-based drilling fluids has always been a hot *** paper proposed a new method for regulating rheological properties of water-based drilling fluids by ultrasonic *** experimental results showed that the ultrasound increased the viscosity and yield point of bentonite suspension by reducing the particle size of clay,destroying the network structure between clay particles,increasing the mud yield and the cation exchange capacity of bentonite,and promoting the hydration dispersion of *** change of rheological property showed a memory effect at room temperature and high ***,the ultrasonic energy affected the network structure between clays and polymer chains,thus regulating the rheological properties of the bentonite-polymer *** two types of drilling fluids investigated,the rheology of the poly-sulfonate drilling fluid was regulated by damaging the grid structure between additives and clays by low-power ultrasound and reducing the clay particle size by high-power ultrasound,while the rheology of the deep-water drilling fluid was mainly regulated by disentangling the spatial grid structure between ***,ultrasound showed no effect on the lubricity,inhibition and stability of drilling fluids,which proved the feasibility of ultrasound to regulate rheological properties of water-based drilling fluids.

关键词： Ultrasound Suspension Water-based drilling fluid Rheological property

Implications for fault reactivation and seismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1081-1098页

作者： Zi-Han Sun Ming-Guang Che Li-Hong Zhu Shu-Juan Zhang Ji-Yuan Lu Chang-Yu Jin Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines School of Resources and Civil Engineering and Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province on Deep Engineering and Intelligent TechnologyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&development PetroChina Company LimitedBeijing100084China The Exploration and development Research Institute of daqing oilfield Limited company Daqing163458HeilongjiangChina

Evaluating the physical mechanisms that link hydraulic fracturing(HF) operations to induced earthquakes and the anticipated form of the resulting events is significant in informing subsurface fluid injection operations. Current understanding supports the overriding role of the effective stress magnitude in triggering earthquakes, while the impact of change rate of effective stress has not been systematically addressed. In this work, a modified critical stiffness was brought up to investigate the likelihood, impact,and mitigation of induced seismicity during and after hydraulic fracturing by developing a poroelastic model based on rate-and-state fraction law and linear stability analysis. In the new criterion, the change rate of effective stress was considered a key variable to explore the evolution of this criterion and hence the likelihood of instability slip of fault. A coupled fluid flow-deformation model was used to represent the entire hydraulic fracturing process in coMSOL Multiphysics. The possibility of triggering an earthquake throughout the entire hydraulic fracturing process, from fracturing to cessation, was investigated considering different fault locations, orientations, and positions along the fault. The competition between the effects of the magnitude and change rate of effective stress was notable at each fracturing stage. The effective stress magnitude is a significant controlling factor during fracturing events, with the change rate dominating when fracturing is suddenly started or stopped. Instability dominates when the magnitude of the effective stress increases(constant injection at each fracturing stage) and the change rate of effective stress decreases(the injection process is suddenly stopped). Fracturing with a high injection rate, a fault adjacent to the hydraulic fracturing location and the position of the junction between the reservoir and fault are important to reduce the coulomb failure stress(CFS) and enhance the critical stiffness as

关键词： Hydraulic fracturing coulomb failure stress Rate-and-state fraction model Linear stability analysis Critical stiffness Seismically induced fault