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Abdominal Grey Color Variation along an Elevation Gradient in a Lizard

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Asian Herpetological Research 2023年第2期14卷 156-166页

作者： Zian WEI Jiasheng LI Tao WANG Minglu YANG Yuanting JIN college of life sciences China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018ZhejiangChina College of Life Sciences and Medicine Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018ZhejiangChina college of life sciences Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070GansuChina

Color variation among populations is thought to be either due to genetic variation or phenotype plasticity.In this study,we found that an agamid lizard,Phrynocephalus theobaldi,inhabiting elevations greater than any other reptile,displayed a significantly darker spotted marking on the central ventral abdomen in higher populations than in lower populations.The grey spotted area only occurred in elevations>4200 m,and also increased with increased elevation.The ratio of the size of the dark colored area to the degree of skin luminance/reflectance was used to test whether the lizard has a larger and darker spotted area at higher elevations.This ratio was significantly positively associated with elevation rather than substrate color.The lizard did not display sexual difference in this phenotype.Temperature had a significant influence on the brightness of central abdomen,but temperature-related plasticity of this trait was much smaller than the magnitude of the difference between higher(>4200 m)and lower populations(<4200 m).Common garden experiments showed that genetic inheritance,rather than phenotype plasticity,played a dominant role in this variation.Our research addressed the darkness of a body region that is rarely analyzed because it is shielded from direct insolation.The idea that ventral color could be related to thermoregulation is shown to be worthy of further research.

关键词： central abdomen color variation common garden experiments elevation reptile temperature

Lysosomal cholesterol accumulation is commonly found in most peroxisomal disorders and reversed by 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin

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Science China(life sciences) 2023年第8期66卷 1786-1799页

作者： Lewei Dong Jian Xiao Shuai Liu Gang Deng Yacheng Liao Beibei Chu Xiaolu Zhao Bao-Liang Song Jie Luo college of life sciences Taikang Center for Life and Medical SciencesHubei Key Laboratory of Cell HomeostasisWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China college of Veterinary medicine Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China

Peroxisomal disorders(PDs)are a heterogenous group of diseases caused by defects in peroxisome biogenesis or functions.Xlinked adrenoleukodystrophy is the most prevalent form of PDs and results from mutations in the ABCD1 gene,which encodes a transporter mediating the uptake of very long-chain fatty acids(VLCFAs).The curative approaches for PDs are very limited.Here,we investigated whether cholesterol accumulation in the lysosomes is a biochemical feature shared by a broad spectrum of PDs.We individually knocked down fifteen PD-associated genes in cultured cells and found ten induced cholesterol accumulation in the lysosome.2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HPCD)effectively alleviated the cholesterol accumulation phenotype in PD-mimicking cells through reducing intracellular cholesterol content as well as promoting cholesterol redistribution to other cellular membranes.In ABCD1 knockdown cells,HPCD treatment lowered reactive oxygen species and VLCFA to normal levels.In Abcd1 knockout mice,HPCD injections reduced cholesterol and VLCFA sequestration in the brain and adrenal cortex.The plasma levels of adrenocortical hormones were increased and the behavioral abnormalities were greatly ameliorated upon HPCD administration.Together,our results suggest that defective cholesterol transport underlies most,if not all,PDs,and that HPCD can serve as a novel and effective strategy for the treatment of PDs.

关键词： cholesterol peroxisome lysosome peroxisomal disorders X-ALD cyclodextrin ABCD1 VLCFA

Taurolidine improved protection against highly pathogenetic avian influenza H5N1 virus lethal-infection in mouse model by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第1期38卷 119-127页

作者： Chaoxiang Lv Yuanguo Li Tiecheng Wang Qiqi Zhang Jing Qi Mingwei Sima Entao Li Tian Qin Zhuangzhuang Shi Fangxu Li Xuefeng Wang Weiyang Sun Na Feng Songtao Yang Xianzhu Xia Ningyi Jin Yifa Zhou Yuwei Gao college of life sciences Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunJilin130021China Changchun Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.Changchun130122China college of Animal medicine Jilin UniversityChangchun130000China college of Basic medicine Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchun130117China college of Animal Science and Technology Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun130033China college of life sciences Shandong Normal UniversityJinan250014China

Taurolidine(TRD),a derivative of taurine,has anti-bacterial and anti-tumor effects by chemically reacting with cell-walls,endotoxins and exotoxins to inhibit the adhesion of microorganisms.However,its application in antiviral therapy is seldom reported.Here,we reported that TRD significantly inhibited the replication of influenza virus H5N1 in MDCK cells with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration(EC_(50))of 34.45μg/mL.Furthermore,the drug inhibited the amplification of the cytokine storm effect and improved the survival rate of mice lethal challenged with H5N1(protection rate was 86%).Moreover,TRD attenuated virus-induced lung damage and reduced virus titers in mice lungs.Administration of TRD reduced the number of neutrophils and increased the number of lymphocytes in the blood of H5N1 virus-infected mice.Importantly,the drug regulated the NF-κB signaling pathway by inhibiting the separation of NF-κB and IκBa,thereby reducing the expression of inflammatory factors.In conclusion,our findings suggested that TRD could act as a potential anti-influenza drug candidate in further clinical studies.

关键词： Influenza viruses H5N1 Taurolidine(TRD) Cytokine storms Inflammatory response NF-κB signaling pathway

Application of StrucGP in medical immunology:site-specific N-glycoproteomic analysis of macrophages

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Frontiers of medicine 2023年第2期17卷 304-316页

作者： Pengfei Li Zexuan Chen Shanshan You Yintai Xu Zhifang Hao Didi Liu Jiechen Shen Bojing Zhu Wei Dan Shisheng Sun college of life sciences Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China

The structure of N-glycans on specific proteins can regulate innate and adaptive immunity via sensing environmental signals.Meanwhile,the structural diversity of N-glycans poses analytical challenges that limit the exploration of specific glycosylation functions.In this work,we used THP-1-derived macrophages as examples to show the vast potential of a N-glycan structural interpretation tool StrucGP in N-glycoproteomic analysis.The intact glycopeptides of macrophages were enriched and analyzed using mass spectrometry(MS)-based glycoproteomic approaches,followed by the large-scale mapping of site-specific glycan structures via StrucGP.Results revealed that bisected GlcNAc,core fucosylated,and sialylated glycans(e.g.,HexNAc4Hex5Fuc1Neu5Ac1,N4H5F1S1)were increased in M1 and M2 macrophages,especially in the latter.The findings indicated that these structures may be closely related to macrophage polarization.In addition,a high level of glycosylated PD-L1 was observed in M1 macrophages,and the LacNAc moiety was detected at Asn-192 and Asn-200 of PD-L1,and Asn-200 contained Lewis epitopes.The precision structural interpretation of site-specific glycans and subsequent intervention of target glycoproteins and related glycosyltransferases are of great value for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for different diseases.

关键词： macrophage glycoproteome glycopeptides N-glycan structures PD-L1

miRNA和lncRNA在三阴性乳腺癌中的作用

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2020年第9期21卷 673-689页

作者： Juan XU Kang-jing WU Qiao-jun JIA Xian-feng DING College of Life Sciences and Medicine Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)作为乳腺癌中最恶性的亚型,具有异质性高、增殖能力高、转移性强等特点,且缺乏有效的靶向治疗,因而其发病机制成为研究的重点。越来越多的研究表明,小RNA(mi RNA)和长链非编码RNA(lnc RNA)在内的非编码RNA在肿瘤的发... 详细信息

三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)作为乳腺癌中最恶性的亚型,具有异质性高、增殖能力高、转移性强等特点,且缺乏有效的靶向治疗,因而其发病机制成为研究的重点。越来越多的研究表明,小RNA(mi RNA)和长链非编码RNA(lnc RNA)在内的非编码RNA在肿瘤的发生和发展中起着重要的作用。本文总结归纳了近些年来与TNBC相关的mi RNA和lnc RNA,介绍了lnc RNA调节基因表达的多种机制,概述了mi RNA和lnc RNA在TNBC进展、诊断以及新辅助化疗中的作用。本文探索mi RNA和lnc RNA与TNBC的关系,旨在为癌症的早期诊断和治疗提供新思路,使其成为治疗癌症的新靶点。

关键词：生物标志物长链非编码RNA(lncRNA) 小RNA(miRNA) 调节机制三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)

Qualitative detection of ginsenosides in brain tissues after oral administration of high-purity ginseng total saponins by using polyclonal antibody against ginsenosides

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Chinese Journal of Natural medicines 2018年第3期16卷 175-183页

作者： ZHAO Yu-Nan SHAO Xiao OUYANG Liu-Feng CHEN Lin GU Ling Laboratory of Pathological sciences College of Medicine and Life Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Laboratory of Pathological sciences College of Medicine Yan'an University Research Center Basic Medical College Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine

Given the limited studies and conflicting findings, the transport character of ginsenosides crossing the blood–brain barrier(BBB) remains unclear. The present study was designed to qualitatively determine the distribution of ginsenosides in brain tissues after oral administration of ginseng total saponins, using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS) combined with immunohistochemistry. In brain tissue homogenates, ginsenoside Rg1 was detectable and no other ginsenosides or their metabolites were found. No ginsenosides were detected in cerebrospinal fluid. Immunohistochemistry staining of brain tissue sections by using anti-ginsenoside polyclonal antibodies revealed the localization of ginsenosides in brain tissues. Furthermore, immunofluorescence double staining revealed that ginsenosides widely existed in vascular endotheliocytes and astrocytes, and in few neurons. These results indicated that Rg1 was the main component that entered the brain after oral administration of ginseng total saponins and that ginsenosides could cross the BBB, although the transport capability of ginsenosides through the BBB may be poor.

关键词：人参人参皂甙 Immunostaining 集体 spectrometry 血大脑障碍

Commensal microbiota in the digestive tract:a review of its roles in carcinogenesis and radiotherapy

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Cancer Biology & medicine 2022年第1期19卷 43-55页

作者： Jiali Dong Yuan Li Huiwen Xiao Ming Cui Saijun Fan Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation medicine and Molecular Nuclear medicine Institute of Radiation MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300192China Department of Microbiology College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

The human microflora is a complex ecosystem composed of diverse microorganisms mainly distributed in the epidermal and mucosal habitats of the entire body,including the mouth,lung,intestines,skin,and vagina.These microbial communities are involved in many essential functions,such as metabolism,immunity,host nutrition,and diseases.Recent studies have focused on the microbiota associated with cancers,particularly the oral and intestinal microbiota.Radiotherapy,the most effective cytotoxic modality available for solid tumors,contributes to the treatment of cancer patients.Mounting evidence supports that the microbiota plays pivotal roles in the efficacy and prognosis of tumor radiotherapy.Here,we review current research on the microbiota and cancer development,and describe knowledge gaps in the study of radiotherapy and the microbiota.Better understanding of the effects of the microbiome in tumorigenesis and radiotherapy will shed light on future novel prevention and treatment strategies based on modulating the microbiome in cancer patients.

关键词： Oral microbiome gut microbiome cancer radiotherapy

Iron and liver fibrosis: Mechanistic and clinical aspects

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第5期25卷 521-538页

作者： Kosha J Mehta Sebastien Je Farnaud Paul A Sharp School of Population Health and Environmental sciences Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King’s College London Division of Human sciences School of Applied Sciences London South Bank University Faculty Research Centre for Sport Exercise and Life Sciences Coventry University Department of Nutritional sciences School of Life Course Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King's College London

Liver fibrosis is characterised by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix that interrupts normal liver functionality. It is a pathological stage in several untreated chronic liver diseases such as the iron overload syndrome hereditary haemochromatosis, viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetes. Interestingly, regardless of the aetiology, iron-loading is frequently observed in chronic liver diseases. Excess iron can feed the Fenton reaction to generate unquenchable amounts of free radicals that cause grave cellular and tissue damage and thereby contribute to fibrosis. Moreover, excess iron can induce fibrosis-promoting signals in the parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells, which accelerate disease progression and exacerbate liver pathology. Fibrosis regression is achievable following treatment, but if untreated or unsuccessful, it can progress to the irreversible cirrhotic stage leading to organ failure and hepatocellular carcinoma, where resection or transplantation remain the only curative options. Therefore,understanding the role of iron in liver fibrosis is extremely essential as it can help in formulating iron-related diagnostic, prognostic and treatment strategies. These can be implemented in isolation or in combination with the current approaches to prepone detection, and halt or decelerate fibrosis progression before it reaches the irreparable stage. Thus, this review narrates the role of iron in liver fibrosis. It examines the underlying mechanisms by which excess iron can facilitate fibrotic responses. It describes the role of iron in various clinical pathologies and lastly,highlights the significance and potential of iron-related proteins in the diagnosis and therapeutics of liver fibrosis.

关键词： Iron Liver pathologies Liver fibrosis Hepatic stellate cells Cirrhosis

Variation of photosynthesis,secondary metabolites and antioxidant activities in third generation of spaceflight-induced Salvia miltiorrhiza

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Chinese Herbal medicines 2022年第4期14卷 592-601页

作者： Liang Peng Mei Ru Zongsuo Liang college of Pharmacy Shaanxi University of Chinese MedicineXi’an 710000China College of Life Sciences and Medicine Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310000China college of life sciences Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China college of Pharmacy Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanning 530200China

Objective: Spaceflight has long been perceived as an effective way to improve the quantity and quality of plants with wide applications. In order to obtain stable and inheritable descendants of spaceflightinduced Salvia miltiorrhiza lines, we investigated and analyzed four lines m16, m50, m51, m57(three individuals of each line) and the ground control(three individuals) of the third generation of spaceflight-induced S. miltiorrhiza from primary/secondary metabolism and antioxidative abilities.Methods: A portable photosynthesis system(Li-6400) with red/blue LED light source was used to perform the photosynthetic characteristics to evaluate their primary productivity. The secondary metabolites(phenolic acids, tanshinones, total phenolics and flavonoids) and antioxidant activity of roots were analyzed to assess their quality.Results: Compared with control, line m16 presented weak photosynthetic ability, but high apparent quantum yield(AQY), higher contents of secondary metabolites, and stronger antioxidative abilities.Line m57 had a strong gas exchange ability, relatively higher secondary metabolites contents, and ascending antioxidative abilities. Lines m50 and m51 were in the middle level of lines m16 and m57.The principal component analysis for all the original data revealed three components including a rootrelated index, a leaf-related index, and a CO_(2) response parameter could be used to distinguish spaceflight-induced S. miltiorrhiza lines.Conclusion: Line m57 could be an appropriate material for the investigation of targeted breeding towards high production, and line m16 could be used to identify essential genes and unravel sophisticated pathways underlying the secondary metabolisms.

关键词： antioxidative ability Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. secondary metabolism spaceflight third generation primary metabolism