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Polyvinyl alcohol fiber with enhanced strength and modulus and intense cyan fluorescence based on covalently functionalized graphene quantum dots

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 250-255页

作者： Manman Ou Yunjian Zhu Jiahao Liu Zhaoxuan Liu Jianjun Wang Jun Sun Chuanxiang Qin Lixing Dai college of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University

In this study, we proposed a novel and efficient way to strengthen polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) fiber using graphene quantum dots(GQDs). PVA molecular chains were grafted onto the surface of GQDs through Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction to obtain functionalized GQDs(f-GQDs), and PVA/f-GQDs composite fiber was successfully prepared by wet spinning and post-treatment. The tensile strength and Young's modulus of the composite fiber reached up to 1229.24 MPa and 35.36 GPa which were approximately twice and 4 times those of the pure PVA fiber, respectively. Moreover, the composite fiber was demonstrated excellent resistance to solvents. In addition, the PVA/f-GQDs composite fiber showed intense and uniform cyan fluorescence, meanwhile, it could maintain stable solid-state fluorescence in acid and alkali solutions and particularly after long-term immersion in water(1 month). This study proposes a promising route for obtaining high-performance conventional fibers with some new functions.

关键词： Enhancement Fluorescence Graphene quantum dots Polyvinyl alcohol fiber

Effects of Chlorine-Based Fertilizers on Tomato Growth under Soilless Culture

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第1期94卷 243-250页

作者： Fei Li Meili Ding Hui Yuan Siping Wang Bin Liang college of Agriculture and Forestry Technology Weifang Vocational CollegeWeifang262737China college of Resources and Environment Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao266109China

This study investigated the effects of chlorine-based fertilizers under varying nitrogen solution concentrations in a soilless culture system. The experiment included four nitrogen solution concentration levels, with nitrogen concentrations of 6 mmol/L (C1), 12 mmol/L (C2), 18 mmol/L (C3), and 24 mmol/L (C4). Each nutrient concentration level was further divided into four chloride ion treatments (R1, R2, R3, and R4), where 100%, 60%, 33%, and 0% of the NH4+ and K+ ions were derived from NH4Cl and KCl, respectively. The length, surface area and volume of root were significantly higher by 25.3%~136.9%, 40.1%~173.1%, 27.9%~178.0%, respectively, in the R4 treatment than in the R1 and R2 treatments at flowering stage. The aboveground biomass and yield in the R4 treatment were significantly higher, by approximately 15.6%~43.5% and 16.6%~28.6%, respectively, than in the R1, R2, and R3 treatments at the picking stage. The C3 and C4 treatments significantly decreased biomass and yield by 31.9%~50.2% and 20.7%~50.5%, respectively, compared to the C1 and C2 treatments at the picking stage. Besides, the higher nutrient solution increased the incidence of blossom-end rot. In conclusion, high concentrations of chloride ions in nutrient solutions, especially when the Cl− concentration exceeded 10 mmol/L, have been shown to inhibit tomato growth in soilless culture systems. Therefore, replacing sulfur-based fertilizers by chlorine-based fertilizers is not recommended for tomato production under the studied conditions.

关键词： Sand culture chloride ion nitrogen solution concentration tomato yield blossom-end rot

Artificial Intelligence-Powered Legal Document Processing for Medical Negligence Cases: A Critical Review

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International Journal of Intelligence Science 2025年第1期15卷 10-55页

作者： Gobind Naidu Vicknesh Krishnan School of Business & Management Malaysia University Science & Technology Kuala Lumpur Malaysia School of Public health Imperial College London UK

This critical review looks at the assessment of the application of artificial intelligence in handling legal documents with specific reference to medical negligence cases with a view of identifying its transformative potentialities, issues and ethical concerns. The review consolidates findings that show the impact of AI in improving the efficiency, accuracy and justice delivery in the legal profession. The studies show increased efficiency in speed of document review and enhancement of the accuracy of the reviewed documents, with time efficiency estimates of 60% reduction of time. However, the review also outlines some of the problems that continue to characterize AI, such as data quality problems, biased algorithms and the problem of the opaque decision-making system. This paper assesses ethical issues related to patient autonomy, justice and non-malignant suffering, with particular focus on patient privacy and fair process, and on potential unfairness to patients. This paper’s review of AI innovations finds that regulations lag behind AI developments, leading to unsettled issues regarding legal responsibility for AI and user control over AI-generated results and findings in legal proceedings. Some of the future avenues that are presented in the study are the future of XAI for legal purposes, utilizing federated learning for resolving privacy issues, and the need to foster adaptive regulation. Finally, the review advocates for Legal Subject Matter Experts to collaborate with legal informatics experts, ethicists, and policy makers to develop the best solutions to implement AI in medical negligence claims. It reasons that there is great potential for AI to have a deep impact on the practice of law but when done, it must do so in a way that respects justice and on the Rights of Individuals.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Medical Negligence Legal Document Processing Ethical Implications Regulatory Frameworks

Modeling and Comprehensive Review of Signaling Storms in 3GPP-Based Mobile Broadband Networks:Causes,solutions,and Countermeasures

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 123-153页

作者： Muhammad Qasim Khan Fazal Malik Fahad Alturise Noor Rahman Department of Computer Science Iqra National UniversityPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Cybersecurity College of ComputerQassim UniversityBuraydah52555Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Al-Fayha CollegeAl Jubayl31961Saudi Arabia

Control signaling is mandatory for the operation and management of all types of communication networks,including the Third Generation Partnership Project(3GPP)mobile broadband ***,they consume important and scarce network resources such as bandwidth and processing *** have been several reports of these control signaling turning into signaling storms halting network operations and causing the respective Telecom companies big financial *** paper draws its motivation from such real network disaster incidents attributed to signaling *** this paper,we present a thorough survey of the causes,of the signaling storm problems in 3GPP-based mobile broadband networks and discuss in detail their possible solutions and *** provide relevant analytical models to help quantify the effect of the potential causes and benefits of their corresponding *** important contribution of this paper is the comparison of the possible causes and solutions/countermeasures,concerning their effect on several important network aspects such as architecture,additional signaling,fidelity,etc.,in the form of a *** paper presents an update and an extension of our earlier conference *** our knowledge,no similar survey study exists on the subject.

关键词： Signaling storm problems control signaling load analytical modeling 3GPP networks smart devices diameter signaling mobile broadband data access data traffic mobility management signaling network architecture 5G mobile communication

Catalytic detoxification of mitoxantrone by graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))supported Fe/Pd bimetallic nanoparticles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 614-624页

作者： Qianyu Xu Haoyang Fu Jiyuan Gu Liyu Lei Lan Ling State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The overuse of antibiotics and antitumor drugs has resulted in more and more extensive pollution of water bodies with organic drugs,causing detrimental ecological effects,which have attracted attention towards effective and sustainable methods for antibiotics and antitumor drug ***,the hybrid nanomaterial(g-C_(3)N_(4)@Fe/Pd)was synthesized and used to remove a kind of both an antibiotic and antitumor drug named mitoxantrone(MTX)with 92.0%removal efficiency,and the MTX removal capacity is 450 mg/*** exposing to the hybrid material the MTX aqueous solution changed color from dark blue to lighter progressively,and LC-UV results of residual solutions showthat a newpeak at 3.0min(MTX:13.2min)after removal by g-C_(3)N_(4)@Fe/Pd appears,with the simultaneous detection of intermediate products indicating that g-C_(3)N_(4)@Fe/Pd indeed degrades *** mass spectrometric analysis suggests that the nuclear mass ratio decreased from 445.2(M+1H)to 126.0(M+1H),169.1(M+1H),239.2(M+1H),267.3(M+1H),285.2(M+1H),371.4(M+1H)and 415.2(M+1H),and the maximum proportion(5.63%)substance of all degradation products(126.0(M+1H))is 40-100 times less toxic than MTX.A mechanism for the removal and degradation of mitoxantrone was ***,actual water experiments confirmed that the maximum removal capacity of MTX by g-C_(3)N_(4)@Fe/Pd is up to 492.4 mg/g(0.02 g/L,10 ppm).

关键词： Degradation LC-QTOF-MS Nanoparticles Mitoxantrone Aqueous solution

A Diffusive Ivlev-type Predator-prey System with Smith Growth and a Protection Zone

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2025年第2期 220-230页

作者： Xue XIAO Li-na ZHANG college of Mathematics and Statistics Northwest Normal University

This paper is concerned with a diffusive Ivlev-type predator-prey system with Smith growth and a protection zone. By discussing the existence and non-existence of positive solutions,we discover that the incorporation of the Smith growth function has enabled us to obtain a more precise criterion when judging the structure of bifurcation solutions, and determine a critical size for the protection zone. The results indicate that if the size of the protection zone is below the critical patch size, then the system has no positive steady state solution for excessively high intrinsic growth rates of predators. Conversely, if the size of the protection zone exceeds the critical patch size, there exists positive steady state solution regardless of how large the intrinsic growth rate of the predators is.

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Conceptual physical education: A course for the future

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2021年第3期10卷 308-322页

作者： Charles B.Corbin college of health solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA

The conceptual physical education(CPE)innovation began in the mid-20th century as an alternative approach to college-level,activity-only basic instruction *** addition to physical activity sessions,CPE courses(classes)use text material and classroom sessions to teach kinesiology concepts and principles of health-related fitness and health-enhancing physical *** courses are now offered in nearly all college programs as either required or electives *** decades later,the high school CPE innovation began,and Kindergarten-8 programs *** this commentary,I argue that historian Roberta Park was correct in her assessment that physical education has the potential to be the renaissance field of the 21st *** contributions of researchers in kinesiology will lead the way,but science-based CPE and companion fitness education programs that align with physical education content standards and fitness education benchmarks will play a significant *** courses have been shown to be effective in promoting knowledge,attitudes,and out-of-school physical activity and have the potential to elevate physical education as we chart the course of our future.

关键词： Conceptual physical education Fitness education Secondary school physical education

Whole grain intake and pancreatic cancer risk

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第4期10卷 530-533页

作者： Glenn A.Gaesser college of health solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZUSA

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide,and there is evidence that dietary factors contribute significantly to cancer risk(1).Whole grain foods are associated with a lower risk of several chronic diseases,including cancer,and are recommended as part of a healthy diet(1,2).Over the past 10 years,multiple meta-analyses have shown that whole grain intake is associated with lower risk of total and site-specific cancer incidence and mortality(3).

关键词： intake cancer mortality

Oversampling-Enhanced Feature Fusion-Based Hybrid ViT-1DCNN Model for Ransomware Cyber Attack Detection

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第2期142卷 1667-1695页

作者： Muhammad Armghan Latif Zohaib Mushtaq Saifur Rahman Saad Arif Salim Nasar Faraj Mursal Muhammad Irfan Haris Aziz Department of Computer and Information System Cleveland State UniversityOhio44115USA Department of Electrical Electronics and Computer SystemsCollege of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Faisal UniversityAl Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Industrial and Energy System EngineeringUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan

Ransomware attacks pose a significant threat to critical infrastructures,demanding robust detection *** study introduces a hybrid model that combines vision transformer(ViT)and one-dimensional convolutional neural network(1DCNN)architectures to enhance ransomware detection *** common challenges in ransomware detection,particularly dataset class imbalance,the synthetic minority oversampling technique(SMOTE)is employed to generate synthetic samples for minority class,thereby improving detection *** integration of ViT and 1DCNN through feature fusion enables the model to capture both global contextual and local sequential features,resulting in comprehensive ransomware *** on the UNSW-NB15 dataset,the proposed ViT-1DCNN model achieved 98%detection accuracy with precision,recall,and F1-score metrics surpassing conventional *** approach not only reduces false positives and negatives but also offers scalability and robustness for real-world cybersecurity *** results demonstrate the model’s potential as an effective tool for proactive ransomware detection,especially in environments where evolving threats require adaptable and high-accuracy solutions.

关键词： Ransomware attacks cybersecurity vision transformer convolutional neural network feature fusion encryption threat detection