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The measure and characteristics of spatial-temporal evolution of China＇s science and technology resource allocation efficiency

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2014年第3期24卷 492-508页

作者： FAN Fei DU Debin WANG Xinzhu Center for Innovation strategic studies East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China

According to the connotation and structure of science and technology resources and some relevant data of more than 286 cities at prefecture level and above during 2001-2010, using modified method--Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA）, science and tech- nology （S＆T） resource allocation efficiency of different cities in different periods has been figured out, which, uncovers the distributional difference and change law of S＆T resource allocation efficiency from the time-space dimension. Based on that, this paper has analyzed and discussed the spatial distribution pattern and evolution trend of S＆T resource allocation efficiency in different cities by virtue of the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis （ESDA）. It turned out that：（1） the average of S＆T resource allocation efficiency in cities at prefecture level and above has always stayed at low levels, moreover, with repeated fluctuations between high and low, which shows a decreasing trend year by year. Besides, the gap between the East and the West is widening. （2） The asymmetrical distribution of S＆T resource allocation effi- ciency presents a spatial pattern of successively decreasing from Eastern China, Central China to Western China. The cities whose S＆T resource allocation efficiency are at higher level and high level take on a cluster distribution, which fits well with the 23 forming urban agglomerations in China. （3） The coupling degree between S＆T resource allocation efficiency and economic environment assumes a certain positive correlation, but not completely the same. The differentiation of S＆T resource allocation efficiency is common in regional devel- opment, whose existence and evolution are directly or indirectly influenced by and regarded as the reflection of many elements, such as geographical location, the natural endowment and environment of S＆T resources and so on. （4） In the perspective of the evolution of spatial structure, S＆T resource allocation efficiency of the cities at prefecture level and above s

关键词： science and technology (S&T) resources cities at prefecture level and above modified Data Envelop-ment Analysis (DEA) Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) allocation efficiency

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Dietary Diversity and Food Security Status among Cameroonian Adults Living in Semi-Urban Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 548-564页

作者： Tonou Boris Ronald Tchuente Pauline Vervaine Hagbe Eliane Flore Eyenga Kemadjou Ruth Edwige Dibacto Ngassa Dany Joël Ngoumen Fotso Janvier Aime Youovop Nguemto Roussel Guy Takuissu Judith Laure Ngondi Julius Enyong Oben Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaound Cameroon Center of Nutrition and Functional Foods Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: Food security is one of the greatest challenges that most African countries face. It is a concept that considers not only food quantity but also food quality. The objective of this study was to describe dietary diversity and food security status at the individual level in Cameroonian populations. Methods: A total of 1180 men and women aged 20 and over and living in the West, North West, and Littoral regions of Cameroon were recruited. Data on dietary habits were collected through the frequency of consumption of various food groups. Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. Food security status was determined by combining two indicators (food consumption score and individual food diversity score). Results: The mean dietary diversity score of the population was 3.53 ± 1.44, p Conclusion: The diet diversity of adults living in the West, North West, and Littoral regions of Cameroon is medium. Although half of the study population was food secure, there is a need to implement food security policies further to reduce food insecurity among the Cameroonian population.

关键词： Dietary Diversity Individual Food Security Littoral West North West Cameroon

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studies on the temporal,structural,and interacting features of the clubroot resistance gene Rcr1 using CRISPR/Cas9-based systems

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第4期10卷 1035-1048页

作者： Hao Hu Fengqun Yu Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Saskatoon Research and Development Centre107 Science PlaceSaskatoonSKS7N OX2Canada

Clubroot disease is a severe threat to Brassica crops globally,particularly in western *** resistance,achieved through pyramiding clubroot resistance(CR)genes with different modes of action,is the most important strategy for managing the ***,studies on the CR gene functions are quite *** this study,we have conducted investigations into the temporal,structural,and interacting features of a newly cloned CR gene,Rcr1,using CRISPR/Cas9 *** temporal functionality,we developed a novel CRISPR/Cas9-based binary vector,pHHIGR-Hsp18.2,to deliver Rcr1 into a susceptible canola line(DH12075)and observed that early expression of Rcr1 is critical for conferring *** structural functionality,several independent mutations in specific domains of Rcr1 resulted in loss-offunction,highlighting their importance for CR *** the study of the interacting features of Rcr1,a cysteine protease gene and its homologous allele in canola were successfully disrupted via CRISPR/Cas9 as an interacting component with Rcr1 protein,resulting in the conversion from clubroot resistant to susceptible in plants carrying intact *** results indicated an indispensable role of these two cysteine proteases in Rcr1-mediated resistance *** study,the first of its kind,provides valuable insights into the functionality of ***,the new vector p HHIGR-Hsp18.2 demonstrated an inducible feature on the removal of add-on traits,which should be useful for functional genomics and other similar research in brassica crops.

关键词： Clubroot resistance Brassica crops Canola Rcr1 CRISPR/Cas9 system Gene knock-out Timing control Non-synonymous mutation Protein-protein interaction

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Organizational ambidexterity, open innovation and innovation outputs: How do followers and low-flyer EU countries innovate?

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International Journal of Innovation studies 2024年第2期8卷 186-235页

作者： Joao Leitao Sonia de Brito Dina Pereira Faculty of Social and Human Sciences NECE-Research Unit in Business SciencesUniversity of Beira Interior6200-001CovilhaPortugal Research Unit in Business Sciences(NECE) University of Beira InteriorCovilhaPortugal centre for Management studies of Instituto Superior Tecnico(CEG-IST) University of Lisbon1649-004LisboaPortugal Instituto de Ciencias Sociais ICsUniversity of Lisbon1649-004LisboaPortugal

This study analyses the role played by organizational ambidexterity and open innovation in innovation outputs,considering business units with different levels of technological intensity(medium-high and high tech,and medium-low and low tech)for countries with different inno-vation *** countries considered in this paper are i)Estonia and Slovenia as innovation followers;i)Slovakia,Hungary,Spain,Czech Republic,Italy,Portugal,Norway,and Croatia as moderate innovators;and ii)Bulgaria,Lithuania and Romania as modest *** the empirical approach,the research hypotheses arise from the literature review and are tested using secondary data collected from the Community Innovation Survey(CIS)*** conceptual model is tested using the logistic regression method,which indicates suitable accuracy and reliability for empirical testing *** evidence reveals that for innovation followers,ambidexterity has a greater influence on the practice of eco-innovation,marketing innovation,and product *** moderate innovators,ambidexterity has a greater influence on the practice of product innovation,process innovation,and *** modest in-novators,ambidexterity has a greater influence on the practice of product innovation,process innovation,and *** regard to open innovation,for innovation followers,this has a negative influence on product innovation in medium-high and high-tech *** moderate innovators,open innovation has a greater influence in process,organizational,and *** the case of modest innovators,open innovation is more significant for innovation outputs in product,organizational,and marketing *** is not always positively related to innovation outputs.

关键词： Organizational ambidexterity CIS Cooperation Open innovation Public innovation policies

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From source to emplacement:The origin of leucogranites from the Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayas,India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 384-401页

作者： Tanya Srivastava Nigel Harris Catherine Mottram Kumar Batuk Joshi Nishchal Wanjari Department of Geology Sikkim UniversityGangtokIndia School of Environment Earth&Ecosystem SciencesOpen UniversityMiltonKeynesUK School of the Environment Geography and GeosciencesUniversity of PortsmouthUK National centre for Earth Science studies ThiruvananthapuramKeralaIndia

Himalayan leucogranites are important for understanding the tectonic evolution of collision zones in general and the causes of crustal melting in the Himalayan orogen in *** paper aims to understand the melt source and emplacement age of the leucogranites from Sikkim in order to decipher the deep geodynamic processes of the eastern *** U-Pb analysis of the Higher Himalayan Sequence(HHS)metamorphic core reveals a prolonged period of crustal melting between>33 Ma and ca.14 *** and trace element abundances are presented for 27 leucogranites from North Sikkim that are classified into two-mica and tourmaline leucogranite *** are peraluminous in composition,characterized by high SiO2(70.91-74.9 wt.%),Al2O3(13.69-15.82 wt.%),and low MgO(0.13-0.74 wt.%).Elemental abundances suggest that Sikkim Himalayan leucogranites are derived from crustal *** two-mica leucogranites are derived from a metagreywacke source,whereas the tourmaline leucogranites are sourced from metapelitic sources,with inherited zircons indicating an HHS origin for both types.U-Pb zircon geochronology of the two mica leucogranites indicates ages of ca.19-15 Ma,consistent with crustal melting recorded in HHS gneisses from *** from both the two-mica and tourmaline leucogranites yield a crystallization age of ca.15-14 Ma,coeval with movement on the Main Central Thrust and South Tibetan Detachment System which further provides constraints on the timing and mechanism of petrogenesis of leucogranites in the Sikkim Himalayas.

关键词： Leucogranites Gneiss U-Pb geochronology Zircon Monazite Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayas

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A NEW DAY FOR CHINA-VIETNAM RELATIONS Chinese President Xi Jinping’s fruitful visit to Vietnam

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China Report ASEAN 2024年第1期9卷 32-35页

作者： Cheng Hanping Zhao Zilong Center for Southeast Asian studies at Zhejiang University of Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea studies at Nanjing University Academy of China-ASEAN International and Regional studies at Guangxi Minzu University

Chinese President Xi Jinping made a state visit to Vietnam from December 12 to 13,*** the two-day visit,China and Vietnam issued a joint statement on continuing to deepen and elevate their comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership and building a community with a shared future that carries strategic *** two sides also signed more than 30 agreements on bilateral *** developments injected strong momentum into China-Vietnam relations and elevated bilateral ties to a new height.

关键词： Vietnam statement visit

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Belt and Road Initiative and Transformation of International Energy Order

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国际问题研究 2018年第3期 231-243页

作者： Yang Chenxi Department for International strategic studies China Institute of International Studies (CIIS)

Stimulated by the ease in global energy supply and demand in recent years, new trends in the transformation of international energy order have gradually emerged. The shift in major players has made the international e... 详细信息

关键词： Belt and Road Initiative International Energy

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Reply to “Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency”

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 35-37页

作者： Feng Tao Johannes Lehmann Ying-Ping Wang Lifen Jiang Bernhard Ahrens Kostiantyn Viatkin Stefano Manzoni Benjamin Z.Houlton Yuanyuan Huang Xiaomeng Huang Yiqi Luo Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University Soil and Crop Sciences Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell University CSIRO Environment Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Department of Physical Geography and Bolin centre for Climate Research Stockholm University Department of Global Development Cornell University Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Institute for Global Change Studies Tsinghua University

In their commentary, Xiao et al.[1]cautioned that the conclusions on the critical role of microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) in global soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in the paper by Tao et al.[2] might be too *** claimed that Tao et al.’s study lacked mechanistic consideration of SOC formation and excluded important data *** et al. brought up important points,which can be largely reconciled with our findings by understanding the differences in expressing processes in empirical studies and in models.

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Surviving covid-19:a multimodal discourse analysis of new media covid-19 vaccination-related pictorials

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Language and Semiotic studies 2024年第2期10卷 290-315页

作者： Oluwayemisi Olusola Adebomi Institut fur Anglistik und Amerikanistik Universität HamburgHamburgGermany General studies Department Federal University of TechnologyAkureAkureNigeria

This paper explores the communicative acts deployed in covid-19 vaccination-related pictorials circulated on digital media *** internet images were purposively sampled with a view to exploring their communicative functions as well as their generic *** data,which were culled from the websites of the World Health Organisation,centre for Disease Control,Pan American Health Organisation and Facebook,were subjected to qualitative *** study deployed van Leeuwen’s Multimodal Discourse Analysis and Yuen’s Generic Structure Potential as theoretical *** multimodal communicative acts are deployed for instructive,illustrative,informative,persuasive,inviting and advisory *** such as Lead,Emblem,Announcement and Enhancer are compulsory in the data while Display,Tag and Call-and-Visit Information are non-compulsory *** can be catalogued as:‘Lead^(Display)^Emblem^(Announcement)^(Enhancer)^(Tag)^(Call-and-Visit Information)’.The study contends that the various semiotic resources deployed in the internet-circulated covid-19 images are used not only for informative and other communicative purposes but also to evoke attitudinal change towards and encourage widespread acceptance of the covid-19 vaccines.

关键词： digital media covid-19 vaccination pictorials multimodal communicative acts generic structure potential

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Impact of US Financial Sanctions on the Dollar's International Status

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Contemporary International Relations 2024年第4期34卷 49-68页

作者： Ma Xue Institute of American studies China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations

In 2022,the United States stepped up its sanctions on *** notably,it restricted the flow of the Russian Central Bank's foreign exchange(forex)assets,using financial administrative power as a source of strategic *** move should have reduced the appeal of US dollar assets but in reality has not accelerated as expected the decline of the greenback as a store of *** US dollar's share of global forex reserves increased instead of decreased during 2022 and *** the rise of economic costs caused by tightened US financial sanctions,countries that recognize the geopolitical role of the United States have further accepted the dollar's international status;their continued willingness to live with the dollar's“security premium”has given a fillip to the US dollar in the short term,boosting its appeal as a reserve ***,de-dollarization of forex reserves has yet to reach a sufficient scale,thus falling short of significantly challenging the dollar's *** a longer-term perspective,as economic and security conditions shift,countries that accept the dollar's international role or seek de-dollarization may change their *** a result,four possible scenarios may arise:(i)the preeminence of the US dollar remains unthreatened;(ii)the international monetary system splits into blocs;(iii)the international monetary system fragments;and(iv)the dollar loses its *** author believes that the last scenario is the most likely outcome.

关键词： de-dollarization international status of the US dollar national security US financial sanctions

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