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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第22期44卷 2051-2058页

作者： WANG Zhibin and QUO SanduiLaboratory of biochemistry and Molecular Biology , biotechnology Research center, Chinese Academy of agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China Laboratory of biochemistry and Molecular Biology Biotechnology Research Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China

The synthesized Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein gene crylA(b&c) and the synthesized gene GNA, (the mannose specific lectin from snowdrop ( Galanthus nivalis)), tumefaciens have been inserted into plant expression vector pGW4BAI. Leave stripes of Nico-tiana tabacum var. K326 have been transformed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring the plant expression vector. 28 kanamycin resistant tobacco plants

关键词： crylA(b&c) snowdrop lectin insect-resistance transgenic plants cotton bollworm aphids pyramiding.

Calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK32 mediates calcium signaling in regulating Arabidopsis flowering time

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National Science Review 2022年第1期9卷 56-65页

作者： Xidong Li Limei Chen Li Yao Junjie Zou Jie Hao Weihua Wu State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and biochemistry College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural University Syngenta biotechnology China Co. Ltd. biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Appropriate flowering time is critical for the reproductive success of plant *** evidence indicates that calcium may play an important role in the regulation of flowering ***,the underlying molecular mechanisms remain *** this study,we demonstrate that calcium-dependent protein kinase 32(CPK32) regulates flowering time by affecting the alternative polyadenylation of FLOWERING CONTROL LOCUS A(FCA) and altering the transcription of FLO WERING LOCUS C(FLC),a central repressor of flowering *** knockdown of CPK32 results in an obvious late flowering phenotype and dramatically enhanced FL C ***32 interacts with FCA,and phosphorylates the serine592of FCA in a Ca2+-dependent ***,the ratio of abundance of the FCA transcripts(FCA-D and FCA-P) changes significantly in the cpk32 mutant,which subsequently affects FLC expression and consequently regulates floral *** present evidence demonstrates that CPK32 modulates flowering time by regulating FCA alternative polyadenylation and consequent FL C expression.

关键词： calcium signaling CPK32 FCA FLC flowering time

Functional genomics in the rice blast fungus to unravel the fungal pathogenicity

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & biotechnology) 2008年第10期9卷 747-752页

作者： Junhyun JEON Jaehyuk CHOI Jongsun PARK Yong-Hwan LEE Department of agricultural biotechnology Center for Fungal Genetic Resources and Center for Agricultural BiomaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-921Korea Department of agricultural biotechnology Center for Fungal Genetic Resourcesand Center for Agricultural BiomaterialsSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-921Korea

A rapidly growing number of successful genome sequencing projects in plant pathogenic fungi greatly increase the demands for tools and methodologies to study fungal pathogenicity at genomic scale. Magnaporthe oryzae is an economically important plant pathogenic fungus whose genome is fully sequenced. Recently we have reported the development and application of functional genomics platform technologies in M. oryzae. This model approach would have many practical ramifications in design and implementation of upcoming functional genomics studies of filamentous fungi aimed at understanding fungal pathogenicity.

关键词： Functional genomics Magnaporthe oryzae Plant pathogenic fungus Pathogenicity Rice blast

ROP GTPase-mediated auxin signaling regulates pavement cell interdigitation in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第1期57卷 31-39页

作者： Deshu Lin Huibo Ren Ying Fu center for Genomics and biotechnology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and biochemistry College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University

In multicellular plant organs, cell shape formation depends on molecular switches to transduce developmental or environmental signals and to coordinate cell-to-cell communi- cation. Plants have a specific subfamily of the Rho GTPase family, usually called Rho of Plants （ROP）, which serve as a critical signal transducer involved in many cellular processes. In the last decade, important advances in the ROP-mediated regulation of plant cell morphogenesis have been made by using Arubidopsis thaliana leaf and cotyledon pavement cells. Especially, the auxin-ROP signaling networks have been demonstrated to control interdigitated growth of pavement ceils to form jigsaw-puzzle shapes. Here, we review findingsrelated to the discovery of this novel auxin-signaling mecha- nism at the cell surface. This signaling pathway is to a large extent independent of the well-known Transport Inhibitor Response （TIR）-Auxin Signaling F-Box （AFB） pathway, and instead requires Auxin Binding Protein 1 （ABP1） interaction with the plasma membrane-localized, transmembrane kinase （TMK） receptor-like kinase to regulate ROP proteins. Once activated, ROP influences cytoskeletal organization and inhibits endocytosis of the auxin transporter PINt. The present review focuses on ROP signaling and its self-organizing feature allowing ROP proteins to serve as a bustling signal decoder and integrator for plant cell morphogenesis.

关键词： Auxin leaf pavement cell Rho of plants GTPase

Maize WI5 encodes an endo-1,4-β-xylanase required for secondary cell wall synthesis and water transport in xylem

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第10期62卷 1607-1624页

作者： Xiaojiao Hu Yang Cui Xiaomin Lu Weibin Song Lei Lei Jinjie Zhu Jinsheng Lai Lizhu E Haiming Zhao State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and biochemistry National Maize Improvement CenterCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Water transport from roots to leaves through xylem is important for plant growth and *** in water transport can cause drought stress,even when there is adequate water in the ***,we identi-fied the maize(Zea mays)wilty5(wi5)mutant,which ex-hibits marked dwarfing and leaf wilting throughout most of its life cycle under normal growth ***5 seed-lings exhibited lower xylem conductivity and wilted more rapidly under drought,NaCl,and high temperature treat-ments than wild-type ***-based cloning revealed that WI5 encodes an active endo-1,4-β-xylanase from gly-cosyl dehydration family 10,which mainly functions in degrading and reorganizing cell wall ***-transcription polymerase chain reaction andβ-glucuronidase assays revealed that WI5 is highly expressed in stems,especially in internodes undergoing secondary wall *** sequencing suggested that WI5 plays a unique role in internode *** and electron microscopy confirmed that wi5 is defective in xylan deposition and secondary cell wall *** deposition and xylan content were markedly re-duced in wi5 compared to the wild-type *** results suggest that WI5 functions in xylem cell wall thickening through its xylanase activity and thereby regulates xylem water transport,the drought stress response,and plant growth in maize.

关键词： dwarf fir transport

Evaluation of Harvest Aid Chemicals for the Cotton-Winter Wheat Double Cropping System

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第2期12卷 273-282页

作者： DU Ming-wei REN Xiao-ming TIAN Xiao-li DUAN Liu-sheng ZHANG Ming-cai TAN Wei-ming LI Zhao-hu State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and biochemistry/Engineering Research center of Plant Growth Regulator Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University

Timing of harvest is critical for mechanical picking in cotton production, especially in those regions with double cropping system. Appropriate and safe harvest aids will improve timing and facilitate harvest of cotton in the double cropping system. Three defoliants （dimethipin, thidiazuron, and thidiazuron-diuron） and one boll opener （ethephon） were included in this research. They were evaluated for their effects on defoliation, boll opening, seedcotton yield, seed quality, and fiber quality of field grown cotton when used alone or as a mixture in 2009 and 2010. Defoliation and/or boll opening were increased by all three defoliants and ethephon, especially by mixtures of a defoliant and ethephon. First harvest of seedcotton was significantly increased with defoliant-ethephon mixtures. No significant adverse effects were observed on boll weight, lint percentage, seed quality, and fiber properties. It was estimated that tank mixes of ethephon and one of the three defoliants can improve the adjusted gross revenue. Boll opening can be used as an alternative indicator for the adjusted gross revenue, because, it was linearly and positively correlated with the relative adjusted gross revenue and convenient in measurements. Wheat seedling growth was not affected by thidiazuron, whereas its seedling emergence, root dry weight, relative water content, and electrolyte leakage were adversely affected by dimethipin and thidiazuron- diuron when concentration was above 340 and 100 g （a.i.） ha-1, respectively. 90% defoliation and 80% boll opening were observed with the high rate of thidiazuron-ethephon mixture, but no adverse effects on winter wheat. The results suggested that tank mixes of ethephon with thidiazuron can be used effectively and safely in the cotton-winter wheat double cropping system to improve yield without adverse effects on seed quality and fiber quality.

关键词： cotton defoliation boll opening double cropping system

Aggregate stability and associated C and N in a silty loam soil as affected by organic material inputs

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第4期14卷 774-787页

作者： LONG Pan SUI Peng GAO Wang-sheng WANG Bin-bin HUANG Jian-xiong YAN Peng ZOU Juan-xiu YAN Ling-ling CHEN Yuan-quan Circular Agriculture Research center/College of Agronomy and biotechnology China Agricultural University

To make recycling utilization of organic materials produced in various agricultural systems, five kinds of organic materials were applied in a field test, including crop straw （CS）, biogas residue （BR）, mushroom residue （MR）, wine residue （WR）, pig manure （PM）, with a mineral fertilizer （CF） and a no-fertilizer （CK） treatment as a control. Our objectives were： i） to quantify the effects of organic materials on soil C and N accumulation; ii） to evaluate the effects of organic materials on soil aggregate stability, along with the total organic carbon （TOC）, and N in different aggregate fractions; and iii） to assess the relationships among the organic material components, soil C and N, and C, N in aggregate fractions. The trial was conducted in Wuqiao County, Hebei Province, China. The organic materials were incorporated at an equal rate of C, and combined with a mineral fertilizer in amounts of 150 kg N ha^-1, 26 kg P ha^-1 and 124 kg K ha-1 respectively during each crop season of a wheat-maize rotation system. The inputted C quantity of each organic material treatment was equivalent to the total amount of C contained in the crop straw harvested in CS treatement in the previous season. TOC, N, water-stable aggregates, and aggregate-associated TOC and N were investigated. The results showed that organic material incorporation increased soil aggregation and stabilization. On average, the soil macroaggregate proportion increased by 14%, the microaggregate proportion increased by 3%, and mean-weight diameter （MWD） increased by 20%. TOC content followed the order of PM〉WR〉MR〉BR〉CS〉CK〉CF; N content followed the order WR〉PM〉MR〉BR〉CS〉CF〉CK. No significant correlation was found between TOC, N, and the quality of organic material. Soil silt and clay particles contained the largest part of TOC, whereas the small macroaggregate fraction was the most sensitive to organic materials. Our results indicate that PM and WR exerted better effects on soil C and N accumulation, followed by

关键词： organic materials aggregates soil organic carbon soil nitrogen stabilization

Combined genome-wide association study and transcriptome analysis reveal candidate genes for resistance to Fusarium ear rot in maize

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第10期62卷 1535-1551页

作者： Lishan Yao Yanmei Li Chuanyu Ma Lixiu Tong Feili Du Mingliang Xu State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and biochemistry College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyNational Maize Improvement CenterCenter for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Fusarium ear rot,caused by Fusarium verti-cillioides,is a devastating fungal disease in maize that re-duces yield and quality;moreover,*** pro-duces fumonisin mycotoxins,which pose serious threats to human and animal ***,we performed a genome-wide association study(GWAS)under three en-vironmental conditions and identified 34 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)that were significantly associated with Fusarium ear rot *** reference to the maize B73 genome,69 genes that overlapped with or were adjacent to the significant SNPs were identified as potential resistance genes to Fusarium ear *** transcriptomes of the most resistant and most susceptible lines during the very early response to Fusarium ear rot,we detected many differentially expressed genes enriched for pathways related to plant immune responses,such as plant hormone signal transduction,phenylpropanoid bio-synthesis,and cytochrome P450 *** than one-fourth of the potential resistance genes detected in the GWAS were differentially expressed in the tran-scriptome analysis,which allowed us to predict numbers of candidate genes for maize resistance to ear rot,in-cluding genes related to plant hormones,a MAP kinase,a PR5-like receptor kinase,and heat shock *** propose that maize plants initiate early immune responses to Fusarium ear rot mainly by regulating the growth-defense balance and promoting biosynthesis of defense compounds.

关键词： resistance analysis Fusarium

NaCl-Induced Changes of Ion Fluxes in Roots of Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第3期12卷 436-444页

作者： LI Mao-ying LI Fang-jun YUE Yue-sen TIAN Xiao-li LI Zhao-hu DUAN Liu-sheng State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and biochemistry Ministry of Education/Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University

Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） cotton is grown worldwide, including in saline soils, but the effect of salinity on ion fluxes of Bt cotton remains unknown. Responses of two transgenic Bt cotton genotypes （SGK321 and 29317） and their corresponding receptors, Shiyuan 321 （SY321） and Jihe 321 （J321）, to 150 mmol L-1 NaCl stress were studied in a growth chamber. The root dry weight of SGK321 and 29317 under NaCl treatment was decreased by 30 and 31%, respectively. However, their corresponding receptor cultivars SY321 and J321 were less affected （19 and 24%, respectively）. The root length and surface area of the Bt cultivars were significantly decreased relative to their receptors under salt stress. NaCl treatment significantly increased CrylAc mRNA transcript levels in SGK321 and 29317 but did not affect Bt protein content in leaves or roots of either cultivar at 1 and 7 d after NaCl treatment. Fluxes of Na^＋, K^＋, and H^＋ in roots were investigated using the scanning ion-selective electrode technique. Both mean K^＋ efflux rate and transient K^＋ efflux of the Bt cultivars increased four-fold compared to their corresponding receptors when exposed to salinity stress. There were no significant differences in Na^＋ efflux between Bt and non-Bt cottons. Furthermore, the Na^＋ contents in roots and leaves of all genotypes dramatically increased under salt stress, whereas K^＋ contents decreased. Our results suggested that Bt cotton cultivars are more sensitive to salt stress than their receptor genotypes.

关键词： transgenic Bt cotton salinity stress toxin protein SIET K^+ flux

Modeling the influence of phenotypic plasticity on maize hybrid performance

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Plant Communications 2023年第3期4卷 288-301页

作者： Ran Fu Xiangfeng Wang National Maize Improvement center College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Frontiers Science center for Molecular Design Breeding College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China

Phenotypic plasticity,the ability of an individual to alter its phenotype in response to changes in the environment,has been proposed as a target for breeding crop varieties with high environmental ***,we used phenotypic and genotypic data from multiple maize(Zea mays L.)populations to mathematically model phenotypic plasticity in response to the environment(PPRE)in inbred and hybrid *** can be simply described by a linear model in which the two main parameters,intercept a and slope b,reflect two classes of genes responsive to endogenous(class A)and exogenous(class B)signals that coordinate plant ***,class A and class B genes contribute to the phenotypic plasticity of an individual in response to the *** also made connections between phenotypic plasticity and hybrid performance or general combining ability(GCA)of yield using 30 F_(1) hybrid populations generated by crossing the same maternal line with 30 paternal lines from different maize heterotic *** show that the parameters a and b from two given parental lines must be concordant to reach an ideal GCA of F_(1) *** hypothesize that coordinated regulation of the two classes of genes in the F_(1) hybrid genome is the basis for high *** on this theory,we built a series of predictive models to evaluate GCA in silico between parental lines of different heterotic groups.

关键词： phenotypic plasticity genotype-by-environment interaction genomic selection hybrid performance general combining ability