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All-optical neuromorphic devices: materials, working mechanism,and applications

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science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Song Wang Hao Chen Hui Huang College of Materials science and Opto-Electronic Technology Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and molecular Engineering Peking University

Traditional von Neumann computing, with physical separation of memory and processing units, cannot satisfy the development of artificial intelligence and cloud computing. Neuromorphic computing, inspired by the human brain, has drawn much ***-optical neuromorphic (AON) devices employ optical signals as information carriers and leverage the neuromorphic functions to implement fast operation speed, low energy consumption, and high bandwidth of neuromorphic computing. Here, we discuss the recent progress in AON devices, including materials, device performance, working mechanisms, and applications. Moreover,the advantages and limitations of AON are presented and discussed. Finally, the perspective of AON devices points out the future research direction of neuromorphic computing.

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The interaction between KIF21A and KANK1 regulates dendritic morphology and synapse plasticity in neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 209-223页

作者： Shi-Yan Sun Lingyun Nie Jing Zhang Xue Fang Hongmei Luo Chuanhai Fu Zhiyi Wei Ai-Hui Tang Hefei National Research center for Physical sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseaseMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles and Cellular DynamicsDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina CAS center for Excellence in molecular Cell sciences Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology School of Life SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Brain Research center Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina

Morphological alterations in dendritic spines have been linked to changes in functional communication between neurons that affect learning and ***-4 KIF21A helps organize the microtubule-actin network at the cell cortex by interacting with KANK1;however,whether KIF21A modulates dendritic structure and function in neurons remains *** this study,we found that KIF21A was distributed in a subset of dendritic spines,and that these KIF21A-positive spines were larger and more structurally plastic than KIF21A-negative ***,the interaction between KIF21A and KANK1 was found to be critical for dendritic spine morphogenesis and synaptic *** of either KIF21A or KANK1 inhibited dendritic spine morphogenesis and dendritic branching,and these deficits were fully rescued by coexpressing full-length KIF21A or KANK1,but not by proteins with mutations disrupting direct binding between KIF21A and KANK1 or binding between KANK1 and *** down KIF21A in the hippocampus of rats inhibited the amplitudes of long-term potentiation induced by high-frequency stimulation and negatively impacted the animals’cognitive *** together,our findings demonstrate the function of KIF21A in modulating spine morphology and provide insight into its role in synaptic function.

关键词： actin cytoskeleton dendrite KANK1 KIF21A microtubule spine morphology spine synaptic plasticity talin1

Local magnetic moment oscillation around an Anderson impurity on graphene

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 192-201页

作者： Shuai Li Zhen Ma Jin-Hua Gao School of science Hebei University of Science and Technology School of Electronics and Information Zhengzhou University of Light Industry School of Physics and Wuhan National High Magnetic Field center Huazhong University of Science and Technology

We theoretically investigate the spin resolved Friedel oscillation （FO） and quasiparticle interference （QPI） in graphene induced by an Anderson *** the impurity becomes magnetic,the resulted FO becomes spin dependent,which gives rise to a local magnetic moment oscillation with an envelop decaying as r-2in real space in the doping ***,at half filling,the electron density and local magnetic moment will not oscillate but decay as *** spin resolved FO has both sublattice and spin ***,the local magnetic moment decay at half filling only occurs at one sublattice of graphene,which is quite like the phenomenon observed in the STM experiment (***ález-Herrero et al.,science 352,437 （2016）).We further give an analytic formula about such spin dependent FO based on the stationary phase ***,we study the interference of quasiparticles around the magnetic impurity by calculating the spin dependent Fourier-transformed local density of states （FT-LDOS）.Our work gives a comprehensive understanding about the local magnetic moment oscillation around an Anderson impurity on graphene.

关键词： Friedel oscillation local magnetic moment graphene Anderson impurity

NECAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno Michael K.E.Schafer Sudena Wang Michael J.Schmeisser Axel Methner Institute for molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NECAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NECAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NECAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, while NECAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NECAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NECAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NECAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NECAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NECAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NECAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

New aspects of a small GTPase RAB35 in brain development and function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1971-1980页

作者： Ikuko Maejima Ken Sato Laboratory of molecular Traffic Institute for Molecular and Cellular RegulationGunma UniversityMaebashiJapan

In eukaryotic cells,organelles in the secretory,lysosomal,and endocytic pathways actively exchange biological materials with each other through intracellular membrane trafficking,which is the process of transporting the cargo of proteins,lipids,and other molecules to appropriate compartments via transport vesicles or *** processes are strictly regulated by various small GTPases such as the RAS-like in rat brain(RAB)protein family,which is the largest subfamily of the RAS *** of membrane trafficking affects tissue homeostasis and leads to a wide range of diseases,including neurological disorders and neurodegenerative ***,it is important to understand the physiological and pathological roles of RAB proteins in brain ***35,a member of the RAB family,is an evolutionarily conserved protein in metazoans.A wide range of studies using cultured mammalian cells and model organisms have revealed that RAB35 mediates various processes such as cytokinesis,endocytic recycling,actin bundling,and cell ***35 is also involved in neurite outgrowth and turnover of synaptic *** generated brain-specific Rab35 knockout mice to study the physiological roles of RAB35 in brain development and *** mice exhibited defects in anxiety-related behaviors and spatial ***,RAB35 is required for the precise positioning of pyramidal neurons during hippocampal development,and thereby for normal hippocampal *** contrast,layer formation in the cerebral cortex occurred superficially,even in the absence of RAB35,suggesting a predominant role for RAB35 in hippocampal development rather than in cerebral cortex *** studies have suggested an association between RAB35 and neurodegenerative diseases,including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's *** this review,we provide an overview of the current understanding of subcellular functions of *** also provide insights into the phys

关键词： endocytosis endosomes hippocampal development neurodegenerative diseases RAB35

Amyloid-β-induced disruption of axon-initial-segment mitochondria localization:consequences for TAU missorting in Alzheimer's disease pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1407-1408页

作者： Daniel Adam Felix Langerscheidt Hans Zempel Institute of Human Genetics University Hospital CologneCologneGermany center for molecular Medicine Cologne(CMMC) University of CologneCologneGermany

TAU is a neuronal microtubule-associated protein preferentially located in *** a battery of neurodegenerative diseases termed"tauopathies,"including Alzheimer's disease (AD),TAU is missorted and abnormally phosphorylated,leading to filamentous accumulations of hyperphosphorylated TAU,a pathological hallmark and potential disease driver of AD and related tauopathies (Zempel,2024).

关键词： Alzheimer tau diseases

Mechanism by which Rab5 promotes regeneration and functional recovery of zebrafish Mauthner axons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1816-1824页

作者： Jiantao Cui Yueru Shen Zheng Song Dinggang Fan Bing Hu center for Advanced Interdisciplinary science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Rab5 is a GTPase protein that is involved in intracellular membrane trafficking. It functions by binding to various effector proteins and regulating cellular responses, including the formation of transport vesicles and their fusion with the cellular membrane. Rab5 has been reported to play an important role in the development of the zebrafish embryo;however, its role in axonal regeneration in the central nervous system remains unclear. In this study, we established a zebrafish Mauthner cell model of axonal injury using single-cell electroporation and two-photon axotomy techniques. We found that overexpression of Rab5 in single Mauthner cells promoted marked axonal regeneration and increased the number of intra-axonal transport vesicles. In contrast, treatment of zebrafish larvae with the Rab kinase inhibitor CID-1067700markedly inhibited axonal regeneration in Mauthner cells. We also found that Rab5 activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K) during axonal repair of Mauthner cells and promoted the recovery of zebrafish locomotor function. Additionally, rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mechanistic target of rapamycin downstream of PI3K, markedly hindered axonal regeneration. These findings suggest that Rab5 promotes the axonal regeneration of injured zebrafish Mauthner cells by activating the PI3K signaling pathway.

关键词： axonal regeneration Mauthner cell nerve regeneration Rab5 zebrafish

The Citron homology domain of MAP4Ks improves outcomes of traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3233-3244页

作者： Xiaoling Zhong Wenjiao Tai Meng-Lu Liu Shuaipeng Ma Tianjin Shen Yuhua Zou Chun-Li Zhang Department of molecular Biology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Hamon center for Regenerative science and Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Peter O’Donnell Jr.Brain Institute University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases(MAP4Ks)signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in axonal regrowth and neuronal degeneration following *** targeting this pathway is beneficial to brain injury remains *** this study,we showed that adeno-associated virus-delivery of the Citron homology domain of MAP4Ks effectively reduces traumatic brain injury-induced reactive gliosis,tauopathy,lesion size,and behavioral *** inhibition of MAP4Ks replicated the ameliorative effects observed with expression of the Citron homology ***,the Citron homology domain acted as a dominant-negative mutant,impeding MAP4K-mediated phosphorylation of the dishevelled proteins and thereby controlling the Wnt/β-catenin *** findings implicate a therapeutic potential of targeting MAP4Ks to alleviate the detrimental effects of traumatic brain injury.

关键词： adeno-associated virus Citron homology Citron homology domain gene therapy mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases traumatic brain injury

Prominent cycling reversibility and kinetics enabled by CaTiO3 protective layer on Zn metal for aqueous Zn-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 245-258页

作者： Gaeun Lee Yong Nam Ahn Seongjoon So Chanwoo Park Jong-Seong Bae Taehyun Park Il Tae Kim Jaehyun Hur School of Chemical Biological and Battery Engineering Gachon University Seongnam Busan center Korea Basic Science Institute

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries （AZIBs） have received considerable attention owing to their various advantages such as safety,low cost,simple battery assembly conditions,and high ionic ***,they still suffer from serious problems,including uncontrollable dendrite growth,corrosion,hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） from water decomposition,electrode passivation,and unexpected *** creation of a uniform artificial nanocrystal layer on the Zn anode surface is a promising strategy for resolving these ***,we propose the use of a perovskite CaTiO3（CTO） protective layer on Zn（CTO@Zn） as a promising approach for improving the performance of *** CTO artificial layer provides an efficient pathway for Zn ion diffusion towards the Zn metal because of the high dielectric constant （εr=180） and ferroelectric characteristics that enable the alignment of dipole moments and redistribute the Zn2+ions in the CTO *** avoiding the direct contact of the Zn anode with the electrolyte solution,the uneven dendrite growth,corrosion,parasitic side reactions,and HER are mitigated,while CTO retains its mechanical and chemical robustness during ***,CTO@Zn demonstrates an improved lifespan in a symmetric cell configuration compared with bare ***@Zn shows steady overpotential （～68 m V） for 1500 h at 1 mA cm-2/0.5 mA h cm-2,excelling bare ***,when paired with the V2O5-C cathode,the CTO@Zn//V2O5-C full battery delivers 148.4 mA h g-1（based on the mass of the cathode） after 300 *** study provides new insights into Zn metal anodes and the development of high-performance AZIBs.

关键词： Perovskite