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An efficient and safe strategy for germ cell-specific automatic excision of foreign DNA in F1 hybrid transgenic silkworms

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 28-46页

作者： Dingpei Long Rongpeng Liu Yang Huang Anyao Fu Yuli Zhang Zhanzhang Hao Qiang Li Hanfu Xu Zhonghuai Xiang Aichun Zhao state Key Laboratory of Resource Insects Institute of Sericulture and Systems BiologySouthwest UniversityChongqingChina Department of Biology Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Guangxi Institute of Sericulture Science NanningGuangxiChina Department of Mathematics and Statistics Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

The safety of transgenic technology is a major obstacle in the popularization and use of transgenic silkworms and their *** sericulture,only the first filial generation(F1)hybrid eggs produced by cross-breeding Japanese and Chinese original strains are usually used for the large-scale breeding of silkworms,but this may result in uncontrolled transgene dispersal during the popularization and application of the F1 hybrid transgenic *** address this issue,we developed a safe and efficient strategy using the GAL4/Upstream activating sequence(UAS)system,the FLP/flippase recognition target(FRT)system,and the gonad-specific expression gene promoters(RSHP1p and Nanosp)for the germ cell-specific automatic excision of foreign DNA in the F1 hybrid transgenic *** established 2 types of activator strains,R1p::GAL4-Gr and Nsp::GAL4-Gr,containing the testis-specific GAL4 gene expression cassettes driven by RSHP1p or Nanosp,respectively,and 1 type of effector strain,UAS::FLP-Rg,containing the UAS-linked FLP gene expression *** FLP recombinase-mediated sperm-specific complete excision of FRT-flanked target DNA in the F1 double-transgenic silkworms resulting from the hybridization of R1p::GAL4-Gr and UAS::FLP-Rg was 100%,whereas the complete excision efficiency resulting from the hybridization of Nsp::GAL4-Gr and UAS::FLP-Rg ranged from 13.73%to 80.3%.Additionally,we identified a gene,sw11114,that is expressed in both testis and ovary of Bombyx mori,and can be used to establish novel gonad-specific expression systems in transgenic *** strategy has the potential to fundamentally solve the safety issue in the production of F1 transgenic silkworm eggs and provides an important reference for the safety of transgenic technology in other insect species.

关键词： Bombyx mori FLP/FRT system GAL4/UAS system germ cell-specific excision safety of transgenic technology transgenic silkworm

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N-acetylcysteine and zinc sulphate abate di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate-mediated reproductive dysfunction in rats:Focus on oxidative and sex hormone receptors mechanisms

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2024年第5期13卷 228-240页

作者： Victor Oghenekparobo Emojevwe Mega Obukohwo Oyovwi Kayode Ezekiel Adewole Peggy Ejiro Ohwin Adeniran Oluwadamilare Akinola Alexander Obidike Naiho Eze Kingsley Nwangwa Victor Omo-Idonije Motunrayo Lade-Ige Benneth Ben-Azu Department of Physiology University of Medical SciencesOndo CityOndo StateNigeria Department of Physiology Delta State UniversityAbrakaDelta StateNigeria Department of Physiology Adeleke UniversityEdeOsun StateNigeria Department of Biochemistry University of Medical SciencesOndo CityOndo StateNigeria Department of Pharmacology Delta State UniversityAbrakaDelta StateNigeria

Objective:To investigate the potential of N-acetylcysteine(NAC)and zinc sulphate(ZnSO_(4))in mitigating reproductive dysfunction caused by di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate(DEHP)in rats and to understand the underlying mechanisms,specifically oxidative stress and sex hormone receptor ***:Thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five equal groups(n=7 per group).Group 1 was administered 0.5 mL of distilled water and served as the control *** 2 was given only DEHP(750 mg/kg/day),while group 3,4 and 5 were given DEHP(750 mg/kg/day)plus NAC(100 mg/kg/day),DEHP(750 mg/kg/day)plus ZnSO_(4)(0.5 mg/kg/day),and DEHP(750 mg/kg/day)plus NAC(100 mg/kg/day)as well as ZnSO_(4)(0.5 mg/kg/day),*** treatments lasted for 21 *** were obtained after the rats were sacrificed,and hormones levels in the serum and markers of oxidative stress in the testicles were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** amount of androgen receptors in the testicles was determined by immunohistochemistry,and the susceptibility of testosterone and DEHP to bind to androgen receptor and 5α-reductase was determined by molecular docking ***:DEHP decreased reproductive hormones,testicular antioxidant enzymes,increased malondialdehyde levels,and negatively impacted histology of the pituitary and *** or ZnSO_(4) treatment showed a marked improvement in testicular antioxidant status and hormone levels,as well as a positive effect on the histology of the pituitary and *** combination of both treatments appeared to be more *** affinity of DEHP to bind to androgen receptors may lead to disruption of androgen receptor signaling,which can further result in dysfunction of hormones related to ***,NAC is more likely to form stronger binding interactions with follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone receptors,as well as gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors,when compared to ***:The pos

关键词： Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate Testosterone Androgen receptor 5α-reductase Oestrogen Luteinizing hormone

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Additive manufacturing of micropatterned functional surfaces:a review

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第4期6卷 86-114页

作者： Aditya Chivate Chi Zhou Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260United States of America

Over the course of millions of years,nature has evolved to ensure survival and presents us with a myriad of functional surfaces and structures that can boast high efficiency,multifunctionality,and *** makes these surfaces particularly practical and effective is the intricate micropatterning that enables selective interactions with *** of these structures have been realized in the laboratory environment using numerous fabrication techniques by tailoring specific surface *** the available manufacturing methods,additive manufacturing(AM)has created opportunities for fabricating these structures as the complex architectures of the naturally occurring microstructures far exceed the traditional *** paper presents a concise overview of the fundamentals of such patterned microstructured surfaces,their fabrication techniques,and diverse applications.A comprehensive evaluation of micro fabrication methods is conducted,delving into their respective strengths and *** emphasis is placed on AM processes like inkjet printing and micro digital light projection printing due to the intrinsic advantages of these processes to additively fabricate high resolution structures with high fidelity and *** paper explores the various advancements in these processes in relation to their use in microfabrication and also presents the recent trends in applications like the fabrication of microlens arrays,microneedles,and tissue scaffolds.

关键词： additive manufacturing micropatterned surfaces drop-on-demand inkjet DLP printing

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Research on vibration energy harvesting technology of power equipment based on alternating magnet array

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 336-345页

作者： Pinlei Lv Chengyu Fan Aijun Yang Huan Yuan Jifeng Chu Mingzhe Rong Xiaohua Wang state Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina state Grid Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute ChengduChina

Vibration with a frequency of 100 Hz is widely distributed in the power equipment,and it can provide a new way to supply energy for sensors by vibration energy *** vibration energy harvesting method based on electromagnetic induction principle was studied through the arrayed structure of magnets and *** magnetic field models were established for four magnet array structures and it was found that the alternating magnet array has the largest magnetic flux and magnetic flux *** on the alternating magnet array,prototypes of energy harvester with vertical and parallel movement mode were *** structural parameter optimisation analysis,two different energy harvesters were fabricated and it was found that the energy harvester with a parallel movement mode has better output *** energy harvester could provide output voltage/current and power of 8.35 V/17.39 mA and 15.13 mW(matched resistance is 200Ω)at an acceleration of 5 m⋅s^(-2).The 100 mF capacitor could be charged to 2.72 V within 300 s,and the final voltage of the capacitor is greater than 3 V,which could sustainably drive commercial wireless temperature/humidity sensors.

关键词： power energy alternating

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Spatial light modulation for femtosecond laser manufacturing:Current developments and challenges

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 60-72页

作者： ZANG Xue LIU ZiTing XU YiShi WANG Yi WANG Qing LI ZhenZe WANG Lei state Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China state Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Since the invention of lasers,spatial-light-modulated laser processing has become a powerful tool for various *** enables multidimensional and dynamic modulation of the laser beam,which significantly improves the processing efficiency,accuracy,and flexibility,and presents wider prospects over traditional mechanical technologies for machining three-dimensional,hard,brittle,or transparent *** this review,we introduce:(1)The role of spatial light modulation technology in the development of femtosecond laser manufacturing;(2)the structured light generated by spatial light modulation and its generation methods;and(3)representative applications of spatial-light-modulated femtosecond laser manufacturing,including aberration correction,parallel processing,focal field engineering,and polarization ***,we summarize the present challenges in the field and possible future research.

关键词： femtosecond laser manufacturing spatial light modulation structured light aberration correction parallel processing focal field engineering polarization control

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Model moisture transport in oil-paper insulation of transformer:Theory and experiment

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High Voltage 2024年第4期9卷 879-887页

作者： Junjie Zhou Zhicheng Wu Yiran Guo Rui Zhang Wenbing Zhu Qiaogen Zhang state Key Laboratory of Electric Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina state Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute JinanChina

The insulation performance of oil paper insulation is significantly affected by moisture such that monitoring moisture content is ***,it is difficult to obtain the moisture content accurately due to its dynamic change under multi physical *** the moisture transportation in oil paper insulation under multi physical fields becomes a vital method in solving the problem.A multi physical model describing moisture migration was proposed,which considered the effects of temperature on moisture in different existing states in oil-immersed paper(OIP).The temperature distribution formed a vapour pressure gradient to drive moisture migration and affected migration ***,experiments and simulations of moisture migration were performed,which showed that the experiments were in good agreement with *** results revealed that the temperature gradient caused uneven moisture distribution and the increased temperature reduced OIP moisture *** established model could fully characterise moisture migration under temperature gradient,which provided a theoretical reference for predicting the risk of partial dampness and evaluating insulation performance.

关键词： moisture insulation distribution

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Limited impacts of occasional tillage on dry aggregate size distribution and soil carbon and nitrogen fractions in semi-arid drylands

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 96-106页

作者： Wooiklee S.Paye Vesh R.Thapa Rajan Ghimire New Mexico state university Agricultural Science CenterClovisNM88101USA New Mexico state university Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesLas CrucesNM88003USA

Tillage management that minimizes the frequency and intensity of soil disturbance can increase soil carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)sequestration and improve the resilience of dryland cropping systems,yet the impact of occasional disturbance on soil aggregate formation and the soil organic carbon(SOC)storage within aggregates has not been studied *** evaluated the effect of four tillage management practices on soil dry aggregate size distribution,aggregate-protected C and N,mineral-associated organic matter carbon(MAOM-C),particulate organic matter carbon(POM-C),and corn(Zea mays L.)and sorghum(Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench)yields in a semi-arid dryland cropping *** included conventional tillage(CT),strip-tillage(ST),no-tillage(NT),and occasional tillage(OT)management in a corn-sorghum *** macro-aggregates were 51-54%greater under ST,NT,and OT,while small and micro-aggregates were greater in *** tillage reduced soil aggregate-associated C by 28-31%in macro-aggregates and 47-53%in small aggregates at 26 months(M)sampling compared to ST,NT,and *** clay+silt fraction,CT had 14-16%,21-26%,and 36-43%less SOC at 7,14,and 26M samplings,respectively,than ST,NT,and *** associated N was generally similar under ST,NT,and OT,which was greater on average than *** MOAM-C and POM-C under ST,NT,and OT were generally greater than respective SOC fractions under CT at 19 and 26 M after OT *** and sorghum yields were similar among tillage systems in 2020,but greater under ST,NT,and OT than CT in *** results suggest that while frequent intensive tillage can lower SOC and N storage,a single stubble mulch occasional tillage after several years of NT does not lead to soil C and N losses and soil structural instability in semi-arid drylands.

关键词： Conventional tillage Occasional tillage Aggregate associated carbon Mineral associated organic matter carbon(MAOM-C) Particulate organic matter carbon(POM-C)

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Immune response to inactivated bacterial vector carrying the recombinant K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 199-206页

作者： Lucelina S.Araújo Bruno B.Silva Eduarda N.F.N.Santos Arnaldo S.Bezerra Samuel S.Frota Assis R.Montenegro Eridan O.P.T.Florean Maurício Fvan Tilburg Maria Izabel F.Guedes Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Northeast Biotechnology NetworkState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine State University of CearáFortalezaBrazil

Objective:To evaluate the immunological response elicited by an inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum,and a purified ***:Mice were subjected to the following treatments:(1)Purified recombinant K39(rK39)protein at a 20μg dose with complete Freund’s adjuvant;(2)Inactivated Escherichia coli(BL21 DE3)carrying the K39 protein at an equivalent total protein content of 200μg;(3)Inactivated bacteria lacking the K39 protein;(4)Non-immunized control *** monitoring was *** groups were challenged by intraperitoneal injection of 10^(7) Leishmania infantum *** euthanasia,the liver and spleen were collected to analyze the levels of TNF,IFN-γ,IL-12,IL-4,and ***:Mice immunized with purified rK39 or the inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum showed a long-lasting immune response with high levels of polyclonal antibodies specifically recognizing the recombinant *** IgG1 subclass was the predominant immunoglobulin;however,the induction of IgG2a and the profile of cytokines produced were indicative of the induction of a mixed-type ***:The inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen,as well as the purified antigen can induce a long-lasting immune response in immunized mice,predominantly favouring a Th2 profile response.

关键词： Visceral leishmaniasis K39 Inactivated bacterial vector Vaccine Immune response Th1 Th2 Leishmania infantum

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Development and prospects of molten steel deoxidation in steelmaking process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 18-32页

作者： Zhongliang Wang Yanping Bao state Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

In the long traditional process of steelmaking,excess oxygen is blown into the converter,and alloying elements are used for *** inevitably results in excessive deoxidation of products remaining within the steel liquid,affecting the cleanliness of the *** the increasing requirements for steel performance,reducing the oxygen content in the steel liquid and ensuring its high cleanliness is *** more than a hundred years of development,the total oxygen content in steel has been reduced from approximately 100×10^(-6)to approximately 10×10^(-6),and it can be controlled below 5×10^(-6)in some steel grades.A relatively stable and mature deoxidation technology has been formed,but further reducing the oxygen content in steel is no longer significant for improving steel *** research team developed a deoxidation technology for bearing steel by optimizing the entire conventional *** technology combines silicon–manganese predeoxidation,ladle furnace diffusion deoxidation,and vacuum final *** successfully conducted industrial experiments and produced interstitial-free steel with natural decarbonization ***-aluminum deoxidation was found to control the oxygen content in bearing steel to between 4×10^(-6) and 8×10^(-6),altering the type of inclusions,eliminating large particle Ds-type inclusions,improving the flowability of the steel liquid,and deriving a higher fatigue *** natural decarbonization predeoxidation of interstitial-free steel reduced aluminum consumption and production costs and significantly improved the quality of cast billets.

关键词： steel deoxidation deoxidizer metallurgical equipment bearing steel IF steel

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Optical manipulation of ratio-designable Janus microspheres

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1239-1249页

作者： YULU CHEN CONG ZHAI XIAOQING GAO HAN WANG ZUZENG LIN XIAOWEI ZHOU CHUNGUANG HU state Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Angular optical trapping based on Janus microspheres has been proven to be a novel method to achieve controllable *** contrast to natural birefringent crystals,Janus microspheres are chemically synthesized of two compositions with different refractive ***,their structures can be artificially regulated,which brings excellent potential for fine and multi-degree-of-freedom manipulation in the optical ***,it is a considerable challenge to model the interaction of heterogeneous particles with the optical field,and there has also been no experimental study on the optical manipulation of microspheres with such designable refractive index *** the specific structure affects the kinematic properties of Janus microspheres remains ***,we report systematic research on the optical trapping and rotating of various ratio-designable Janus *** employ an efficient T-matrix method to rapidly calculate the optical force and torque on Janus microspheres to obtain their trapped postures and rotational characteristics in the optical *** have developed a robust microfluidic-based scheme to prepare Janus *** experimental results demonstrate that within a specific ratio range,the rotation radii of microspheres vary linearly and the orientations of microsphere are always aligned with the light polarization *** is of great importance in guiding the design of Janus *** their orientations flip at a particular ratio,all consistent with the *** work provides a reliable theoretical analysis and experimental strategy for studying the interaction of heterogeneous particles with the optical field and further expands the diverse manipulation capabilities of optical tweezers.

关键词： polarization ratio refractive

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