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Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in pediatrics and adolescents:a systematic review and meta-analysis

World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 569-580页

作者： Eun Joo Lee Miyoung Choi Sang Bong Ahn Jeong-Ju Yoo Seong Hee Kang Yuri Cho Do Seon Song Hong Koh Dae Won Jeon Hye Won Lee department of Pediatrics Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Clinical Evidence Research National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency(NECA)SeoulKorea department of internal medicine Nowon Eulji Medical CenterEulji University College of MedicineSeoulKorea department of internal medicine Soonchunhyang University Bucheon HospitalBucheonKorea department of internal medicine Sangkye Paek HospitalInje University College of MedicineSeoulKorea Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer National Cancer CenterGoyangKorea department of internal medicine College of MedicineSt.Vincent's HospitalThe Catholic University of KoreaSuwonKorea department of internal medicine Hanyang University College of MedicineSeoulKorea department of internal medicine Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background As childhood obesity escalates worldwide,the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in pediatric and adolescent populations is also ***,systematic studies and meta-analyses evaluating the prevalence of pediatric NAFLD remain *** The MEDLINE,Korean Medical Database(KMBASE),Embase,Global Health,and Cochrane Library databases were searched from January 1997 to April *** terms included NAFLD or steatosis;nonalcoholic or steatohepatitis;child(ren),adolescent,or teenager;and prevalence,incidence,or epidemiology.A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the prevalence of pediatric *** A total of 2116 publications were found,of which 62 were included in the *** them,27 reported the prevalence in the general population and 39 in the obese *** worldwide pooled prevalence of pediatric NAFLD was 13%[95%confidence interval(CI)9-18%]in the general population and 47%(95%CI 41%–53%)in the obese *** 16 studies in the general population and 18 in the obese population,NAFLD prevalence varied by *** the general population,the prevalence of NAFLD was 15%(95%CI 8%–23%)in males and 10%(95%CI 6%–15%)in *** the obese population,it was 54%(95%CI 46%–61%)in males and 39%(95%CI 30%–49%)in *** The global prevalence of pediatric NAFLD is rising in both the general and obese *** the increasing rates of childhood obesity,epidemiological studies on the prevalence and incidence of NAFLD are needed.

关键词： Meta-analysis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Pediatric Prevalence

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Bloodstream infections in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: Changing epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in the intensive care unit

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Journal of Intensive medicine 2024年第3期4卷 269-280页

作者： Fotinie Ntziora Efthymia Giannitsioti st department of Propaedeutic internal medicine Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensLaiko General HospitalAthensGreece

The Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic increased the burden of critically ill patients who required hospitalization in the intensive care unit(ICU).Bacterial and fungal co-infections,including bloodstream infections(BSIs),increased significantly in ICU patients with COVID-19;this had a significant negative impact on patient *** data pertaining to BSI episodes from the ICU setting during the COVID-19 pandemic were collected and analyzed for this narrative *** searched the PubMed database for articles published between March 2020 and October 2023;the terms“COVID-19”AND“bloodstream infections”AND“ICU”were used for the search.A total of 778 articles were retrieved;however,only 27 were exclusively related to BSIs in ICU patients with *** pertaining to the epidemiological characteristics,risk factors,characteristics of bacterial and fungal BSIs,patterns of antimicrobial resistance,and comparisons between ICU and non-ICU patients during and before the COVID-19 pandemic were *** on antimicrobial stewardship and infection-control policies were also *** rates of BSI were found to have increased among ICU patients with COVID-19 than in non-COVID-19 patients and those admitted during the pre-pandemic *** gender,60–70 years of age,increased body mass index,high Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores at admission,prolonged hospital and ICU stay,use of central lines,invasive ventilation,and receipt of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were all defined as risk factors for *** use of immune modulators for COVID-19 appeared to increase the risk of BSI;however,the available data are ***,Enterococci,Acinetobacter baumannii,and Candida *** as prominent infecting organisms during the pandemic;along with Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa they had a significant impact on ***-resistant organisms prevailed in the ICU,especially if antimicrobial resistance was establish

关键词： COVID-19 Bloodstream infection ICU Antimicr obial resistance stewardship

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New insights into ATR inhibition in muscle invasive bladder cancer:The role of apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic subunit 3B

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Oncology Research 2024年第6期32卷 1021-1030页

作者： HYUNHO KIM UIJU CHO SOOK HEE HONG HYUNG SOON PARK IN-HO KIM HO JUNG AN BYOUNG YONG SHIM JIN HYOUNG KANG Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineSt.Vincent’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSuwonKorea department of Pathology St.Vincent’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSuwonKorea Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineSeoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea

Background:Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide(APOBEC),an endogenous mutator,induces DNA damage and activates the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related(ATR)-checkpoint kinase 1(Chk1)*** cisplatin-based therapy is the mainstay for muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC),it has a poor survival ***,this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an ATR inhibitor combined with cisplatin in the treatment of APOBEC catalytic subunit 3B(APOBEC3B)expressing ***:Immunohistochemical staining was performed to analyze an association between APOBEC3B and ATR in patients with *** APOBEC3B expression in MIBC cell lines was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot *** blot analysis was performed to confirm differences in phosphorylated Chk1(pChk1)expression according to the APOBEC3B *** viability and apoptosis analyses were performed to examine the anti-tumor activity of ATR inhibitors combined with ***:There was a significant association between APOBEC3B and ATR expression in the tumor tissues obtained from patients with *** with higher APOBEC3B expression showed higher pChk1 expression than cells expressing low APOBEC3B *** treatment of ATR inhibitor and cisplatin inhibited cell growth in MIBC cells with a higher APOBEC3B *** to cisplatin single treatment,combination treatment induced more apoptotic cell death in the cells with higher APOBEC3B ***:Our study shows that APOBEC3B’s higher expression status can enhance the sensitivity of MIBC to cisplatin upon ATR *** result provides new insight into appropriate patient selection for the effective application of ATR inhibitors in MIBC.

关键词： Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide(APOBEC) Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related(ATR) Bladder cancer DNA damage response DNA replication stress

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Impact of propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia on cognition and emotion in gastric cancer patients undergoing radical resection

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 79-89页

作者： Ao-Han Li Su Bu Ling Wang Ai-Min Liang Hui-Yu Luo department of Anesthesiology Xiangyang No.1 People's HospitalHubei University of MedicineXiangyang 441000Hubei ProvinceChina department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Xiangyang No.1 People's HospitalHubei University of MedicineXiangyang 441000Hubei ProvinceChina department of Rehabilitation Xiangyang No.1 People's HospitalHubei University of MedicineXiangyang 441000Hubei ProvinceChina department of internal medicine-Cardiovascular Xiangyang No.1 People's HospitalHubei University of MedicineXiangyang 441000Hubei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Propofol and sevoflurane are commonly used anesthetic agents for maintenance anesthesia during radical resection of gastric ***,there is a debate concerning their differential effects on cognitive function,anxiety,and depression in patients undergoing this *** To compare the effects of propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function,anxiety,depression,and organ function in patients undergoing radical resection of gastric *** A total of 80 patients were involved in this *** subjects were divided into two groups:Propofol group and sevoflurane *** evaluation scale for cognitive function was the Loewenstein occupational therapy cognitive assessment(LOTCA),and anxiety and depression were assessed with the aid of the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS).Hemodynamic indicators,oxidative stress levels,and pulmonary function were also *** The LOTCA score at 1 d after surgery was significantly lower in the propofol group than in the sevoflurane ***,the SAS and SDS scores of the sevoflurane group were significantly lower than those of the propofol *** sevoflurane group showed greater stability in heart rate as well as the mean arterial pressure compared to the propofol ***,the sevoflurane group displayed better pulmonary function and less lung injury than the propofol *** Both propofol and sevoflurane could be utilized as maintenance anesthesia during radical resection of gastric *** anesthesia has a minimal effect on patients'pulmonary function,consequently enhancing their postoperative *** anesthesia causes less impairment on patients'cognitive function and mitigates negative emotions,leading to an improved postoperative mental ***,the selection of anesthetic agents should be based on the individual patient's specific circumstances.

关键词： Propofol Sevoflurane Radical resection of gastric cancer Anesthetic effect Cognitive function Negative emotion

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Is it necessary to stop glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists prior to endoscopic procedure? A retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第26期30卷 3221-3228页

作者： Haider Ghazanfar Nismat Javed Abeer Qasim Franklin Sosa Faryal Altaf Shazia Khan Jaydeep Mahasamudram Abhilasha Jyala Sameer Datta Kandhi Dongmin Shin Nikhitha Mantri Haozhe Sun Siddarth Hanumanthu Harish Patel Jasbir Makker Bhavna Balar Anil Dev Sridhar Chilimuri Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineBronxCare Health SystemIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiBronxNY 10457United States department of internal medicine BronxCare Health SystemIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiBronxNY 10457United States

BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1 RA)are effective in diabetes and obesity,reducing hyperglycemia by increasing insulin release and delaying gastric ***,they can cause gastroparesis,raising concerns about aspiration during *** guidelines advise discontinuing GLP-1 RA before surgery to reduce the risk of pulmonary *** To evaluate the effect of GLP-1 RAs on gastric residual contents during endosco-pic *** A retrospective chart review at BronxCare Health System,New York,from January 2019 to October 2023,assessed gastric residue and aspiration in GLP-1 RA patients undergoing endoscopic *** groups were compared based on dietary status before the *** included demographics,symptoms of gastroparesis,opiate use,hemoglobin A1c,GLP-1 agonist indication,endo-scopic details,and aspiration *** SPSS was used for analysis,cal-culating means,standard deviations,and applying Pearson’s chi-square and t-tests for associations,with Pstudy,306 patients were included,with 41.2%on a clear liquid/low residue diet and 58.8%on a regular diet before *** patients(63.1%)were male,with a mean age of 60±12 *** majority(85.6%)were on GLP-1 RAs for diabetes,and 10.1%reported digestive symptoms before *** those on a clear liquid diet,1.5%had residual food at endoscopy compared to 10%on a regular diet,which was statistically significant(P=0.03).Out of 31 patients with digestive symptoms,13%had residual food,all from the regular diet group(P=0.130).No complications were reported during or after the *** The study reflects a significant rise in GLP-1 RA use for diabetes and obesity.A 24-hour liquid diet seems safe for endoscopic procedures without *** with upper gastrointestinal symptoms might have a higher residual food risk,though not statistically *** research is needed

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists Gastroparesis Endoscopic procedures Residual food Complications

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Role of exosomal circular RNAs as microRNA sponges and potential targeting for suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma growth and progression

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 994-998页

作者： Nikolaos Papadopoulos Eleni-Myrto Trifylli The Second department of internal medicine 401 General Army Hospital of AthensAthens 11525Greece The First department of internal medicine 417 Share Army Fund HospitalAthens 11521Greece

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Lyu et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology(2023;2219-2840).Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a frequently encountered and highly aggressive primary liver cancer,which remains the third-commonest cause of cancer-related death despite the current therapeutic *** is urgency in developing novel thera-peutic approaches,such as by manipulating extracellular vesicles,which con-stitute a highly heterogeneous nanoparticle population that contains various *** cargoes have a pivotal role in cell-to-cell communication and can modify the functional level of the recipient cells via their uptake by other recipient *** non-coding RNAs have particular evolving significance in HCC,such as circular RNAs,which have been found differentially expressed in normal hepatic and HCC *** aberrations in their expression levels have a key role in the HCC development and progression and the overall *** this editorial,we will shed light on the emerging role of exosomal circular RNAs in HCC development and progression,focusing on the oncogenic or potentially tumor suppressive effect of mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal non-coding RNAs.

关键词： circular sponge progression

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Predicting short-term thromboembolic risk following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass using supervised machine learning

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第4期16卷 1097-1108页

作者： Hassam Ali Faisal Inayat Vishali Moond Ahtshamullah Chaudhry Arslan Afzal Zauraiz Anjum Hamza Tahir Muhammad Sajeel Anwar Dushyant Singh Dahiya Muhammad Sohaib Afzal Gul Nawaz Amir H Sohail Muhammad Aziz department of Gastroenterology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States department of internal medicine Allama Iqbal Medical CollegeLahorePunjab 54550Pakistan department of internal medicine Saint Peter's University Hospital and Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States department of internal medicine St.Dominic's HospitalJacksonMS 39216United States department of internal medicine Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States department of internal medicine Jefferson Einstein HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19141United States department of internal medicine UHS Wilson Medical CenterJohnsonNY 13790United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansasKS 66160United States department of internal medicine Louisiana State University HealthShreveportLA 71103United States department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The University of ToledoToledoOH 43606United States

BACKGROUND Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)is a widely recognized bariatric procedure that is particularly beneficial for patients with class III *** aids in significant weight loss and improves obesity-related medical *** its effectiveness,postoperative care still has *** evidence shows that venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a leading cause of 30-d morbidity and mortality after ***,a clear unmet need exists for a tailored risk assessment tool for VTE in RYGB *** To develop and internally validate a scoring system determining the individualized risk of 30-d VTE in patients undergoing *** Using the 2016–2021 Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation Quality Improvement Program,data from 6526 patients(body mass index≥40 kg/m^(2))who underwent RYGB were analyzed.A backward elimination multivariate analysis identified predictors of VTE characterized by pulmonary embolism and/or deep venous thrombosis within 30 d of *** resultant risk scores were derived from the coefficients of statistically significant *** performance of the model was evaluated using receiver operating curves through 5-fold *** Of the 26 initial variables,six predictors were *** included a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with a regression coefficient(Coef)of 2.54(P1),length of stay(Coef 0.08,P1),prior deep venous thrombosis(Coef 1.61,P1),hemoglobin A1c>7%(Coef 1.19,P1),venous stasis history(Coef 1.43,P1),and preoperative anticoagulation use(Coef 1.24,P1).These variables were weighted according to their regression coefficients in an algorithm that was generated for the model predicting 30-d VTE risk *** risk model's area under the curve(AUC)was 0.79[95%confidence interval(CI):0.63-0.81],showing good discriminatory power,achieving a sensitivity of 0.60 and a specificity of *** training,the same model performed satisfactorily

关键词： Roux-en-Y gastric bypass Venous thromboembolism Machine learning Bariatric surgery Predictive modeling

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Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor type autoimmune encephalitis with severe pneumonia:a case report

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World Journal of Emergency medicine 2024年第2期15卷 142-146页

作者： Yi Gu Xiandong Liu Tiancao Dong Qian Yang Xiaowei Bao Dongyang Zhao Lunxian Tang department of internal Emergency medicine Shanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200120China School of medicine Tongji UniversityShanghai 200120China

Autoimmune encephalitis(AE)is a type of encephalitis caused by autoimmune *** was included on a list of the first batch of 121 rare diseases published by the Chinese National Health Commission on 11^(th)May ***,patients with AE account for 10%-20% of encephalitis cases,with 54%-80% of those cases classified as the anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor(NMDAR)type,which is the most common type.[1]In 2010,China reported the first case of a patient withanti-NMDARtype AE.

关键词： encephalitis autoimmune aspartate

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Association between baseline levels of muscular strength and risk of stroke in later life:The Cooper Center Longitudinal study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 642-649页

作者： stephen W.Farrell David Leonard Qing Li Carolyn E.Barlow Kerem Shuval Jarett D.Berry Andjelka Pavlovic Laura F.DeFina Research Division The Cooper InstituteDallasTX 75230USA department of internal medicine University of Texas at Tyler School of MedicineTylerTX 75799USA

Background:Muscular strength is an important component of physical *** evaluated the relationship between baseline muscular strength and risk of stroke among adults who were aged≥65 years during ***:We included 7627 healthy adults(mean age=43.9 years,86.0%male)underwent a baseline physical examination between 1980 and *** strength was determined by 1-repetition maximum measures for bench press and leg press and categorized into age-and sex-specific tertiles for each *** fitness(CRF)was assessed via a maximal treadmill exercise *** enrolled in fee-for-service Medicare from 1999 to 2019 were included in the *** between baseline strength and stroke outcomes were estimated using a modified Cox proportional hazards *** a secondary analysis,we examined stroke risk by categories of CRF where Quintile 1=low,Quintiles 2-3=moderate,and Quintiles 4-5=high CRF based on age and ***:After 70,072 person-years of Medicare follow-up,there were 1211 earliest indications of incident *** multivariable analyses,the hazard ratio(95%confidence interval(95%CI))for stroke across bench press categories were 1.0(referent),0.96(0.83-1.11),and 0.89(0.77-1.04),respectively(p trend=0.14).The trend across categories of leg press was also non-significant(p trend=0.79).Adjusted hazard ratio(95%CI)for stroke across ordered CRF categories were 1.0(referent),0.90(0.71-1.13),and 0.72(0.57-0.92)(p trend1).Conclusion:While meeting public health guidelines for muscular strengthening activities is likely to improve muscular strength as well as many health outcomes in older adults,performing such activities may not be helpful in preventing ***,meeting guidelines for aerobic activity is likely to improve CRF and lower stroke risk.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Medicare Muscular strength stroke

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Endoscopic hemostasis using self-expandable metal stent combinedwith Purastat® for patient with high risk of post-endoscopicsphincterotomy bleeding (with video)

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 94-96页

作者： Takeshi Ogura Yuki Uba Masahiro Yamamura Nobu Nishioka Hiroki Nishikawa 2nd department of internal medicine Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical UniversityOsakaJapan

To the Editor:Endoscopic sphincterotomy(Est)is an established technique for removal of bile duct stones and self-expandable metal stent(SEMS)***,bleeding can be considered an adverse event after Est,particularly for patients with high risk of bleeding such as those on *** the various techniques reported for obtaining endoscopic hemostasis[1-3].

关键词： bleeding stasis endoscopic

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