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Human cystic echinococcosis:epidemiologic,zoonotic,clinical,diagnostic and therapeutic aspects

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第4期5卷 253-260页

作者： Shyamapada Mandal Manisha Deb Mandal Department of Zoology Gurudas CollegeNarkeldanga.Kolkata-700054.India Department of Physiology and Biophysics KPC Medical College and HospitalJadavpurKolkata-700032India

This review represents an updated scenario on the transmission cycle,epidemiology,clinical features and pathogenicity,diagnosis and treatment,and prevention and control measures of a cestode parasite Echincoccus granulosus(***) infection causing cystic echinococcosis (CE) in *** CE is a serious life-threatening neglected zoonotic disease that occurs in both developing and developed countries,and is recognized as a major public health problem. The life cycle of *** involves a definitive host(dogs and other canids) for the adult *** that resides in the intestine,and an intermediate host(sheep and other herbivores) for the tissue-invading metacestode(larval) *** are only incidentally infected;since the completion of the life cycle of *** depends on carnivores feeding on herbivores bearing hydatid cysts with viable protoscoleces,humans represent usually the dead end for the *** ingestion of *** eggs,hydatid cysts are formed mostly in liver and lungs, and occasionally in other organs of human body,which are considered as uncommon sites of localization of hydatid *** diagnosis of extrahepatic echinococcal disease is more accurate today because of the availability of new imaging techniques,and the current treatments include surgery and percutaneous drainage,and chemotherapy(albendazole and mebendazole).*** wild animals that involve in sylvatic cycle may overlap and interact with the domestic sheepdog cycle,and thus complicating the control *** updated facts and phenomena regarding human and animal CE presented herein are due to the web search of SCI and non-SCI journals.

关键词： Human cystic echinococcosis zoonotic disease Epidemiology Echincoccus granulosus Hydatid cyst Surgery Chemotherapy

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Fruit bats as anatural reservoir of zoonotic viruses

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第2期48卷 1179-1182页

作者： JIA Guangle ZHANG Ying WU Tinghe ZHANG Shuyi WANG Yinan Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu 030801China

As a natural reservoir of manifold zoonotic viruses, fruit bats have been involved in at least three emerging zoonoses in recent years. This paper aims to intro-duce the epidemiological characteristics of these diseases emerged in the Australasian region between 1994 and 1999, transmission pathways of the newly discovered viruses and the relationship between the changed entironment of fruit bats and occurrences of these emerging diseases and provide a clue for the epidemiological investigations of SARS.

关键词： fruit bat natural reservoir zoonotic virus.

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Molecular characterization of sandflies and Leishmania detection in main vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Abarkouh district of Yazd province,Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第10期6卷 792-797页

作者： Jafari R Najafzadeh N Sedaghat MM Parvizi P National Institute of Health Research Isfahan Health Research Station Molecular Systematic Laboratory Parasitology DepartmentPasteur Institute of Iran Department of Microbiology Islamic Azad UniversityScience and Research Branch of Fars Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences

Ohjective:To assess molecular characterization,distribution,seasonal activities of sandfly species and Leishmania parasites infecting them for this zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis ***:The collections were carried out in 2009-2011 using CDC traps,Sticky Papers and manual aspirator in and around the villages in Abarkouh *** sandflies were characterized by PCR amplification and sequencing of fragments of their mitochondrial cytochrome b *** parasite infections within sandflies were performed by targeting Cyt b,ITS-rDNA,k-DNA and microsatellite ***:The PCR assays detected only Leishmania major(***).All infections(30)were found in the abundant and widespread vector Phlebolomus papalasi(***).Small numbers of other sandfly species were also screened for infections,but none was *** sinloni and *** were the predominant members in all locations of this district and in all habitats throughout the trapping *** five other sandfly species were found,namely Phlebolomus ansari,Phlebotomus caucasicus,Phlebotomus sergenti,Sergentomyia dentata and Sergentomyia ***:In the current survey,the only infections detected are of *** in females of ***(30 out of190).The rates of infection of *** by *** are not significantly different in compare with other locations in Iran with no diversity of parasite *** cutaneous leishmaniasis may have emerged only recently in Abarkouh district,and the reason may well be the instability of the transmission cycles there.

关键词： zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis Phlebotomus papatasi Leishmania major Sandfly Central Iran

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A survey of zoonotic diseases in trade cattle slaughtered at Tanga city abattoir:a cause of public health concern

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第1期2卷 55-60页

作者： Swai ES Schoonman L Veterinary Investigation Centre(VIC) Tanga Dairy Trust(TADAT)

Objective:To estimate the prevalence of hydatidosis,cysticercosis,tuberculosis,leptospirosis,brucellosis and toxoplasmosis in slaughtered bovine stock(aged≥3 years)at Tanga city abattoir,***:Prevalence estimation of the five zoonotic diseases was undertaken through an active abattoir and sero-survey was carried out in Tanga city,during the period of January 2002and March *** samples collected from a sub-sample(n=51)of the slaughter stock were serologically screened for antibodies against brucellosis,leptospirosis and toxoplasmosis using Rose Bengal plate test,microscopic agglutination test(for 5 serovars of Leptospira interrogans)and Eiken latex agglutination test,*** same animals were tested for tuberculosis using the single intradermal tuberculin ***:Post mortem examination of 12 444 slaughter cattle(10 790 short horn zebu and 1 654 graded)over a period of twenty two months,showed a prevalence of 1.56%(194)for hydatidosis,1.49%(185)for cysticercosis and 0.32%(40)for *** all three zoonoses,a statistically significant difference in infection rates was noted between the short horn zebu and graded breeds(Pzoonotic agents with concurrent public health consequences.

关键词： Abattoir Slaughter stock Zoonoses Risk Tanga Tanzania Brucellosis Toxoplasmosis Leptospirosis Antibody Seroprevalence zoonotic disease

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Quantification of zoonotic Bacterial Pathogens within Commercial Poultry Processing Water Samples Using Droplet Digital PCR

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Advances in Microbiology 2013年第5期3卷 403-411页

作者： Michael J. Rothrock Kelli L. Hiett Brian H. Kiepper Kim Ingram Arthur Hinton Poultry Processing and Swine Physiology Research Unit USDA-Agricultural Research Service Athens Georgia

Raw poultry and poultry products are a significant source of zoonotic bacterial pathogen transmission;thus the sensitive detection of major zoonotic pathogens (Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, and Listeria monocytogenes) is a vital food safety issue. Recently, third generation PCR technology, known as droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) has been developed to be more accurate and sensitive to detect genetic targets than current quantification methods, but this technology has not been tested within an industrial setting. There is an on-going study within our laboratory is investigating the effects of sampling times and sampling methods on the cultural and molecular (via qPCR) quantification of dominant zoonotic pathogens within a poultry processing facility. This presents a unique opportunity to compare the quantification resulted from this emerging, third generation technology to traditional quantification methods currently employed by the poultry industry. The results show that ddPCR detected pathogen-specific genes from more pathogen:sampling time combinations than either the qPCR or culturing methods from the final scalder and chiller tanks at three stages of processing (Start, Mid, and End). In fact, both ddPCR and qPCR substantially outperformed culture methods commonly used in poultry processing food safety-related studies, with Salmonella recovered only from the Mid and End sampling times from the scalder tank. While neither C. jejuni nor L. monocytogenes were recovered culturally, ddPCR was able to detect their respective genes commonly throughout the processing day in both the scalder and chiller water samples. Additionally, the use of unfiltered processing water provided significantly greater detection of bacterial and pathogen-specific gene abundances than did an analysis of larger volumes of filtered water. Considering the ddPCR-derived concentrations of the bacterial pathogens were consistent with what was previously found culturally in commercial poultry

关键词： ddPCR Poultry Processing zoonotic Pathogens qPCR

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Vaccination of a multi-group model of zoonotic diseases with direct and indirect transmission

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2019年第6期12卷 119-146页

作者： Wei Lv Xue-Ying Liu Xin-Jian Xu Jie Lou Department of Mathematics Shanghai University Shanghai200444P.R.China Institute of Systems Science Shanghai University Shanghai 200444P.R.China

Vaccination plays an important role in preventing or reducing the spread of zoonotic *** this paper,we develop a susceptible-vaecinated-exposed-infectious-pathogen multi-group epidemic model of zoonotic diseases incorporating nonlinear direct and indi rect incidence rates,nonlinear pathogen shedding rates,and common environmental *** certain assumptions,we first obtained the basic reproduction number of the ***,we utilized the comparison principle and global Lyapunov function method to prove global stability of dynamical ***,we analyzed optimal vaccination *** the theoretical predictions were verified by numerical simulations.

关键词： Vaccination global stability optimal control zoonotic diseases.

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Monkeypox virus:past and present

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第3期19卷 224-230页

作者： Ya-Mei Dou Hang Yuan Hou-Wen Tian NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Disease Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention155 Changbai RoadChangPing DistrictBeijing 102206China

Background The objective of this paper is to analyze the current status of monkeypox *** the face of this public health threat,our purpose is to elucidate the clinical characteristics and epidemiology of monkeypox,the developmental progress of monkeypox-related drugs and the vaccines *** sources The literature review was performed in databases including PubMed,Science Direct and Google Scholar up to July *** Since May 2022,the World Health Organization has reported more than 45,000 confirmed cases from 92 nonendemic countries,including nine *** some women and children have been infected so far,most cases have occurred among men who have sex with other men,especially those with multiple sexual partners or anonymous *** Pediatric monkeypox infection has been associated with a higher likelihood of severe illness and mortality than in *** monkeypox illness in pediatrics often requires adjunctive antiviral *** is crucial for all countries to establish sound monitoring and testing systems and be prepared with emergency preparedness.

关键词： Monkeypox Orthopoxvirus Smallpox zoonotic

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A One Health strategy for emerging infectious diseases based on the COVID-19 outbreak

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2022年第1期4卷 5-11页

作者： Qin Wu Qianlin Li Jiahai Lu School of Public Health Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Key Laboratory for Tropical Disease Control Sun Yat-sen UniversityMinistry of EducationGuangzhouChina One Health Center of Excellence for Research and Training GuangzhouChina State Key Laboratory for Surveillance and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products GuangzhouChina

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is as an emerging infectious disease(EID)that has caused the worst public health catastrophe of the 21st century thus *** terms of impact,the COVID-19 pandemic is second only to the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918 in modern world *** of 7 September 2021,there have been 220 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and more than 4.5 million *** pose serious public health and socio-economic risks,and 70%of EIDs originate from *** development of EIDs such as COVID-19 is a pressing ***,taking the COVID-19 pandemic as an example,we illustrate the disastrous effects of EIDs and assess their emergence and evolution from a One Health *** propose a One Health strategy,centered on‘moving the gates forward’,for EID prevention and control at the human-animal-environment *** strategy may be instructive and provide early warnings of EIDs in the future.

关键词： COVID-19 Emerging infectious diseases zoonotic One Health Human-animal-environment interface Early warning

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Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第6期19卷 1656-1670页

作者： Bongekile NGOBESE Oliver Tendayi ZISHIRI Mohamed Ezzat EL ZOWALATY Discipline of Genetics School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000South Africa Zoonosis Science Center Department of Medical Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75185Sweden Infectious Diseases and Anti-Infective Therapy Research Group College of Pharmacy and Sharjah Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SharjahSharjah 27272UAE

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries *** jejuni is responsible for the majority of infectio *** study was con ducted to identify virule nceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa.A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50),chickens(n=50),goats(n=50),sheep(n=50)and pigs(n=50)were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October *** samples were an a lyzed for the presence of virule nee genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based *** was found that 77 and 23%of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock *** were positive significant(Pzoonotic infecti on s and food pois oning due to the high prevale nee of *** high prevale nee of virule nee genes highlights the sign ifica nee of Campylobacter\r\livestock production systems in South *** requires the implementation of one-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.

关键词： Campylobacter zoonotic cytotoxicity pathogenicity virulenee campylobacteriosis foodbome livestock PCR one-health

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Distribution and ecological aspects of sand flies(Diptera:Psychodidae) species in Northeastern Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第9期11卷 526-533页

作者： Aioub Sofizadeh Yavar Rassi Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd Hamid Reza Shoraka Fatemeh Mesgarian Sayena Rafizadeh Infectious Diseases Research Center Golestan University of Medical Sciences Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences Vector-borne Diseases Research Center North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences Gonbad-e Kavoos Health Center Golestan University of Medical Sciences Ministry of Health National Institute for Medical Research Development(NIMAD)

Objective:To determine both the distribution and the ecological characteristics of sand flies in Golestan Province,northeast of Iran in ***:In this study,34 villages were selected based on their geographical *** paper traps were used for collecting the sand *** was carried out in each of villages from May to *** each village,60 traps for indoors and 60 for outdoors were monthly *** species of all collected sand flies were determined using approved morphological *** coefficient correlation was used to find the relationship between the number of collected Phlebotomus papatasi from different villages and incidence rate of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis as well as the number of positive cases of the *** altitude of the studied villages was extracted from digital elevation model of the area using GIS and vegetation cover density index of the province was extracted from Modis satellite imagery and distribution map of sand flies drown ***:Overall,5 428 sand flies were collected and identified,belonging to 18 *** wenyoni was reported for the first time from the area in this *** frequency of sand flies in the villages located in northeast of the Golestan province(the plateau area,lower altitude,arid and semi-arid climates,and lower vegetation cover density),were more than other villages in this *** was a significant correlation between the number of collected Phlebotomus papatasi and incidence rate of the zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in different villages(r=0.837,P=0.019) as well as the number of positive cases of the disease(r=0.688,Pzoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis,the abundance of sand flies were more and the conditions for their growth and development were more appropriate.

关键词： Sand fly Ecology zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis Iran

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