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Bacterial diversity and distribution in the southeast edge of the Tengger Desert and their correlation with soil enzyme activities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第11期24卷 2004-2011页

作者： Wei Zhang Gaosen Zhang Guangxiu Liu Zhibao Dong Tuo Chen Manxiao Zhang Paul J.Dyson Lizhe An Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Life Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute of Life Science College of MedicineSwansea UniversitySwansea SA28PPUK

The nature of microbial communities and their relation to enzyme activities in desert soils is a neglected area of investigation. To address this, the bacterial diversity and distribution and soil physico-chemical factors were investigated in the soil crust, the soil beneath the crust and rhizosphere soil at the southeast edge of the Tengger Desert, using the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S rRNA genes amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. Phylogenedc analysis of the sequenced DGGE bands revealed a great diversity of bacteria. The Proteobacteria, consisting of the α, β, and γsubdivisions, were clearly the dominant group at all depths and in rhizosphere soil. Analysis of the enzyme activities indicated that the rhizosphere soil of Caragana korshinskii exhibited the highest protease and polyphenol oxidase activities, and in the soil crust there were increased activities of catalase, urease, dehydrogenase and sucrase. The bacterial community abundance closely correlated with soil enzyme activities in different soils. The presence of Cyanobacteria correlated with significant increases in protease, catalase and sucrase in the soil crust, and increased urease in the rhizosphere soil of Artemisia ordosica. The occurrence of Acidobacteria was associated with significant increases in urease, dehydrogenase, and sucrase in the rhizosphere soil of C. korshinski. The presence of γ-Proteobacteria correlated with a significant increase in polyphenol oxidase in the rhizosphere soil ofA. ordosica. The study indicated a close relationship between the soil bacterial community and soil enzymes, suggesting the necessity of further investigations into bacterial function in this desert ecosystem.

关键词： Tengger Desert DGGE 16S rRNA bacterial community soil enzyme

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Effects of cadium, zinc and lead on soil enzyme activities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期18卷 1135-1141页

作者： YANG Zhi-xin LIU Shu-qing ZHENG Da-wei FENG Sheng-dong College of Resource and Environment China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China College of Resource and Environment Agricultural University of Hebei Baoding 071001 China

Heavy metal （HM） is a major hazard to the soil-plant system. This study investigated the combined effects of cadium （Cd）, zinc （Zn） and lead （Pb） on activities of four enzymes in soil, including calatase, urease, invertase and alkalin phosphatase. HM content in tops of canola and four enzymes activities in soil were analyzed at two months after the metal additions to the soil. Pb was not significantly inhibitory than the other heavy metals for the four enzyme activities and was shown to have a protective role on calatase activity in the combined presence of Cd, Zn and Pb; whereas Cd significantly inhibited the four enzyme activities, and Zn only inhibited urease and calatase activities. The inhibiting effect of Cd and Zn on urease and calatase activities can be intensified significantly by the additions of Zn and Cd. There was a negative synergistic inhibitory effect of Cd and Zn on the two enzymes in the presence of Cd, Zn and Pb. The urease activity was inhibited more by the HM combinations than by the metals alone and reduced approximately 20%--40% of urease activity. The intertase and alkaline phosphatase activities significantly decreased only with the increase of Cd concentration in the soil. It was shown that urease was much more sensitive to HM than the other enzymes. There was a obvious negative correlation between the ionic impulsion of HM in soil, the ionic impulsion of HM in canola plants tops and urease activity. It is concluded that the soil urease activity may be a sensitive tool for assessing additive toxic combination effect on soil biochemical parameters.

关键词： multiple heavy metal pollution canola plants soil enzyme ionic impulsion

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Effect of Long-Term Fertilization on soil enzyme Activities Under Different Hydrothermal Conditions in Northeast China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第3期10卷 412-422页

作者： JIAO Xiao-guang GAO Chong-sheng LU Guo-hong SUI Yu-yu iang University Harbin 150080 P.R. China Northeast Institute of Geography and Agri-Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Harbin 150040 P.R.China Shenyang Institute of Atmospheric Environment Chinese Meteorological Administration Shenyang 110016 P.R.China Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 P.R.China

Human activities have altered weather patterns by causing an increase in greenhouse gas. The effects of climate change have been studied, including effects on some ecosystems throughout the world. There are many studies on changes in the soil due to climate change, but much of them did not extend their research to soil enzyme that integrates information on soil microbial status and soil physical-chemical conditions. Meanwhile, there are lots of experimental fields established to study effects of long-term fertilization on soil enzyme activities, but many did not compare the difference of soil enzyme activities and did not analyze the effect of climatic factors on soil enzyme activities with long-term fertilization under different hydrothermal conditions. In this study, we compared soil enzyme activities of three long-fertilization stations which had different hydrothermal conditions in Northeast China, and analyzed the relationship of hydrothermal condition, soil chemical properties with soil enzyme activities. Hydrothermal conditions （annual temperature and total rainfall） decreased in order of Gongzhuling （Jilin Province, China ） Harbin （Heilongjiang Province, China） Heihe （Heilongjiang Province, China） over the course of the long-term fertilization experiment. Sunshine hours showed the longest in Gongzhuling, the second in Heihe, and the last in Harbin. However, the order of soil enzymes was not in agreement with hydrothermal conditions. Overall, the order of soil enzymes for the same treatment among three stations was consistent in 2008 with in 2009. Correlation analysis demonstrated that different soil enzymes achieved the different affected levels by climatic factors under different fertilization treatments. Urease activity showed a significant relationship with sunshine hours in no fertilizer （CK） treatment （R=-0.91, P0.01） and relative humidity in mineral fertilizers plus manure （MNPK） treatment （R=0.82, P0.05）. Phosphatase activity exhibited a negative corr

关键词： soil enzyme long-term fertilization hydrothermal conditions soil chemical properties

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Effects of Different Halophytes on soil Microflora and enzyme Acti-vities of Saline-alkali soil

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2022年第3期29卷 28-36页

作者： Wang Xue-qin Zhang Feng-ju Xu Xing Lu An-qiao College of Agriculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Ningxia Science and Technology Development Strategy and Information Research Institute Yinchuan 750021China Institute of Environmental Engineering Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

In the pot experiment,seven varieties of halophytes were grown in saline-alkali soil to investigate the responses of microflora and soil enzymes in the *** results showed that compared to the control,the population of bacterial colony(84.8%-95.6%),actinomycetes colony(12.0%-14.5%)and fungi colony(0.5%-1.1%)increased significantly(Psoil of Vicia sativa L.(201.99%and 395.49%),Medicago sativa(152.43%and 319.90%)and Sesbania cannabina(Retz.)Pori(193.14%and 396.08%)were higher significantly than that of Panicum virgatum L.(49%and 60%),Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench(99%and 210%),Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.(75%and 36%)and Aneurotepidimu chinense(75%and 77%)(Penzymes(Psoil to accelerate the element cycling and promote the sustainable development of agriculture through cultivating Medicago sativa,Vicia sativa L.,Sesbania cannabina(Retz.)Pori and Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench.

关键词： saline-alkali soil halophytes microflora soil enzyme functional microbial population

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soil Nutrient and soil enzyme Activity at Various Types of Slopes in Disturbed Area of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Construction

Soil Nutrient and Soil Enzyme Activity at Various Types of S...

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2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection(ISWREP 2011)

作者： Dong XIA College of Chemistry & Life Science China Three Gorges University Yichang P.R. China Wen-nian XU Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area of Ministry of Education China Three Gorges University Yichang P.R. China Juan ZHAO College of Chemistry & Life Science China Three Gorges University Yichang P.R. China Shun-Bo ZHU College of Chemistry & Life Science China Three Gorges University Yichang P.R. China

Taking seven types of slopes in the disturbed area of Xiangjiaba construction as test objects this paper measured their soil pH, soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity. The results showed that the soil at natural forests （NF） was acidic, while the others were weakly alkaline at different degree. Variation of soil nutrients in different slopes is obvious;soil enzyme activity is also a significant difference between different slopes. The soil of D slope （Thick layer substrate, TLS） is the highest in activity of urease and invertase, the soil of natural forests （NF） is the highest in activity of neutral phosphatase, while the soil in natural forests （NF） is the lowest in activity of catalase. The soil of discarded residue （DR） is the lowest in activity of urease, invertase and neutral phosphatase except catalase. soil pH and soil nutrient factors and enzyme activities showed some differences between C, D, E three slopes that were using the same remediation technology thick layer substrates. The analysis of correlation indicates that the activities of four soil enzymes were highly correlated not only with each other, but also were closely with soil organic matter, available nitrogen, total nitrogen, suggested that integrated enzymatic activity could be used to indicate and estimate soil fertility of artificial remediation slopes in the disturbed area.

关键词： soil enzyme soil nutrient slope xiangjiaba hydropower construction

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In-situ warming does not change soil priming effect induced by glucose addition in a temperate forest

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 759-769页

作者： Xiaohan DONG Yunting FANG Dongwei LIU Xin GUAN Kai HUANG Yuqi LIU Qingkui WANG Silong WANG Weidong ZHANG Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hunan Key Laboratory for Structure and Ecosystem Service of Subtropical Forest Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem Qingyuan Forest Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) National Observation and Research Station Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and Applications Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality

Priming effect（PE） on soil organic carbon（SOC） decomposition caused by the addition of organic carbon（C） is an important ecological process in regulating soil C cycle. Additionally, most priming studies are confined to laboratory trials, while the assessment of soil PE under field conditions with variable weather conditions is scarce. This study assessed the direct effects of glucose addition and in-situ warming on the extent of PE under field conditions in a temperate forest. We evaluated soil PE using13C-glucose labelling, a simple and novel technique, based on the Keeling plot method. Glucose addition significantly enhanced native SOC decomposition and induced strong PE. However, the effect of in-situ warming on the extent of PE was not significant. This study confirms the importance of PE in regulating SOC turnover under field conditions.

关键词： 13C-glucose global warming labelling technique phospholipid fatty acids priming effect soil enzyme soil organic matter mineralisation soil respiration

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Effect of Pesticides on soil microbial and enzyme activity

Effect of Pesticides on soil microbial and enzyme activity

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两岸三地药理学与临床药理学术会议

作者： LI Xia~1 WANG Lan~2 LI Xiao-hui~1 (1. Institute of Materia Medica, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China 2. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Acadamy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China)

Objective Pesticides has gain an increasing awareness because of it is becoming a serious environ- mental problem and come to threaten the health of *** effect of five pesticides (zineb,cop- force,the mixture of carbendazim and mancozeb,hymexazol) on soil bacteria,fungi,actinomyces,and Five specific enzymes were chosen for investigation (urease,dehydrogenase,invertase,acid phosphates and pro- tease).Methods The enumeration of the soil micro flora was done by the dilution plate method;The enzyme activity was determined by traditional ***-Wiener index as well as 16S rRNA-PCR amplifica- tion and DGGE fingerprinting was used for detection of shift in microbial community diversity in pesticides contaminated agricultural *** The outcome showed that the microbial diversity was significantly changed after the application of pesticides,the effect of pesticides on microbe had a order from top to bot- tom:*** Our results indicate that the use of the pesticides hymexazol resulted in an altered soil community structure,in particular for the *** was markedly in- hibited by hymexazol,zineb,carbendazim and mancozeb and the inhibiting rates were varied between 30.30 % and 21.21%;Urease activity was also inhibited significantly by hymexazol,the inhibiting rate was 37.67%;Protease activity was markedly inhibited by zineb and hymexazol,the inhibiting rates were 27.27 % and 18.18 % respectively;Phosphates activity was inhibited significantly by hymexazol,zineb,car- bendazim and mancozeb,the inhibiting rates were range from 22.12 %-3.54 %;Dehydrogenase activity was not significantly affected by ***,the correlation of all indexes were analyzed,the data sug- gested that all indexes existed certain correlation.

关键词： pesticides soil microbe soil enzyme microbial diversity

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Urban soil Compaction Remediation by Shallow Tillage and Compost in Hydroseeded Lawn

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Open Journal of soil Science 2024年第7期14卷 399-415页

作者： James Jihoon Kang Adam Flores Engil Isadora Pujol Pereira Jungseok Ho School of Earth Environmental and Marine Sciences University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Edinburg Texas USA Environmental Health and Safety University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA Department of Civil Engineering University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Edinburg Texas USA

Construction activities often involve removal of topsoil and compaction of the exposed soil by heavy equipments. Such compacted soils with low organic matter can lead to low infiltration and poor vegetation establishment. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of tillage (shallow till) and compost on soil physical and biological properties in a hydroseeded lawn as a post-construction best management practice for soil compaction remediation. The experimental site received a total of four land treatments in five replicated trials and it was hydroseeded with common Bermuda grass: 1) No Tillage + Compost (NT-C), 2) No Tillage + No Compost (NT-NC;control), 3) Tillage + Compost (T-C), and 4) Tillage + No Compost (T-NC). Bulk density (BD), infiltration rate (IR), and wet aggregate stability (WAS) in each plot were measured to assess soil physical properties while soil organic matter (SOM) and enzyme activity (β-glucosidase, acid-phosphatase, and alkaline-phosphatase) were measured for soil biological properties. Over a 15-months of monitoring period, the shallow tillage loosened the soil initially, but its effect on BD without compost was diminished to control plot level (NT-NC) within 4 months after hydroseeding. Both tillage and compost led to an increase in IR, and it remained higher than control by 2 - 3 times throughout the observation period. The WAS and β-glucosidase activity decreased in tilled plot unless there was compost application. Turfgrass showed greener leaves and aggregated roots in the compost-amended plots (NT-C and T-C). Our results suggest that compost application plays a key role in improving soil physical and biological properties in hydroseeded lawns from construction sites.

关键词： Compaction Compost Infiltration soil Organic Matter soil enzyme Tillage Wet Aggregate Stability

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Effect of chlorpyrifos on soil microbial populations and enzyme activities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第1期18卷 4-5页

作者： SHAN Min FANG Hua WANG Xiao FENG Bo CHU Xiao-qiang YU Yun-long Department of Plant Protection College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate pesticide that acts as an insecticide-acaricide by ingestion, contact, and inhalation, and is now widely used in greenhouse for the control of pests. The dissipation of chlorpyrifos in crops such as orange fruit （Martinez-Vidal et al., 1998）, tomatoes（Aysal et al., 1999）, soil and its effects on soil microbial characteristics （Singh et al., 2002） has been reported frequently. However, little information is available to describe impacts of chlorpyrifos on soil microbial population and enzyme activity in greenhouse. In this study, the effect of chlorpyrifos on soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, and soil enzyme activity was investigated.

关键词： chlorpyrifos microorganism soil enzyme

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Insight into the temperature sensitivity of forest litter decomposition and soil enzymes in subtropical forest in China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第3期5卷 279-286页

作者： Congyan Wang Guomin Han Yong Jia Xiaoguang Feng Xingjun Tian School of Life Sciences Room 1302Building MengminweiNanjing UniversityHankou Road 22Nanjing 210093China Biology Teaching and Research Section School of Life SciencesNantong UniversitySeyuan Road 9Nantong 226019China

Aims With the continuing increase in the impact of human activities on ecosystems,ecologists are increasingly interested in understanding the effects of high temperature on litter decomposition since litter decomposition and the accompanying release of nutrients and carbon dioxide are key processes in ecosystem nutrient cycling and carbon *** study was conducted to evaluate the temperature sensitivity of forest litter decomposition and soil enzymes during litter decomposition in subtropical forest in *** Two dominant litter types were chosen from Zijin Mountain in China:Quercus acutissima leaves from a broadleaf forest(BF)and Pinus massoniana needles from a coniferous forest(CF).The litter samples were incubated in soil microcosms at ambient control temperature(20C)and 10C *** a 5-month incubation,chemical composition of litter samples,litter mass losses,and related soil enzyme activities were *** Findings Three main results were found:(i)high temperature accelerated decomposition rates of both litter types,and the temperature sensitivities of litter decomposition for BF leaves and that for CF needles are equivalent basically,(ii)high temperature enhanced soil enzyme activities in the two forest types,and the temperature sensitivities of polyphenol oxidase were significantly higher than those of the other soil enzymes and(iii)the temperature sensitivities of nitrate reductase were significantly higher in the CF soil than in the BF soil,while there was no significant difference in the temperature sensitivities of the other soil enzymes between BF and *** a long-term consequence,the high-temperature-induced acceleration of litter decomposition rates in these subtropical forests may cause carbon stored belowground to be transferred in the atmosphere,which may alter the balance between carbon uptake and release,and then alter the global carbon cycle in the coming decades.

关键词： broadleaf forest coniferous forest high temperature litter decomposition soil enzyme temperature sensitivities

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