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Dementia in military and veteran populations:a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury,post-traumatic stress disorder,deployment,and sleep

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Military Medical Research 2022年第3期9卷 351-364页

作者： Zara Raza Syeda F.Hussain Suzanne Ftouni Gershon Spitz Nick Caplin Russell G.Foster Renata S.M.Gomes Research and Innovation Blind Veterans UK12-14 Harcourt StreetLondonW1H 4HDUK BRAVO VICTOR Research12-14 Harcourt StreetLondonW1H 4HDUK Circadian Therapeutics OxfordOX11BYUK School of Psychological Sciences Monash University18 Innovation WalkClayton CampusWellington RoadMelbourneVIC3800Australia sleep&Circadian Neuroscience Institute(SCNi) Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesSir William Dunn School of PathologyOxford Molecular Pathology InstituteUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX13RFUK Northern Hub for Veterans and Military Families Research Department of NursingMidwifery and HealthFaculty of Health and Life SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastleNE77XAUK

The military population face a unique set of risk factors that may increase the risk of being diagnosed with dementia.Traumatic brain injury(TBI)and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)have a higher prevalence in this group in comparison to the civilian population.By delving into the individual relationships between TBI and dementia,and PTSD and dementia,we are able to better explore dementia in the military and veteran populations.While there are some inconsistencies in results,the TBI-dementia association has become more widely accepted.Moderate-tosevere TBI has been found to increase the risk of being diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.A correlation between PTSD and dementia has been established,however,whether or not it is a causal relationship remains unclear.Factors such as blast,combat and chemical exposure may occur during a deployment,along with TBI and/or PTSD diagnosis,and can impact the risk of dementia.However,there is a lack of literature exploring the direct effects of deployment on dementia risk.sleep problems have been observed to occur in those following TBI,PTSD and deployment.Poor sleep has been associated with possible dementia risk.Although limited studies have focused on the link between sleep and dementia in military and veteran populations,sleep is a valuable factor to study due to its association and interconnection with other military/veteran factors.This review aims to inform of various risk factors to the cognitive health of military members and veterans:TBI,PTSD,deployment,and sleep.

关键词： Dementia Alzheimer’s disease Traumatic brain injury Post-traumatic stress disorder Military Veteran Deployment sleep

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The Nucleus Accumbens CRH–CRHR1 System Mediates Early-Life Stress-Induced sleep Disturbance and Dendritic Atrophy in the Adult Mouse

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第1期39卷 41-56页

作者： Ting Wang Yu-Nu Ma Chen-Chen Zhang Xiao Liu Ya-Xin Sun Hong-Li Wang Han Wang Yu-Heng Zhong Yun-Ai Su Ji-Tao Li Tian-Mei Si Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital)Beijing100191China Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceInstitutes of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200032China

Adverse experiences in early life have long-lasting negative impacts on behavior and the brain in adulthood,one of which is sleep disturbance.As the corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)–corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1(CRHR1)system and nucleus accumbens(NAc)play important roles in both stress responses and sleep-wake regulation,in this study we investigated whether the NAc CRH–CRHR1 system mediates early-life stress-induced abnormalities in sleep-wake behavior in adult mice.Using the limited nesting and bedding material paradigm from postnatal days 2 to 9,we found that early-life stress disrupted sleep-wake behaviors during adulthood,including increased wakefulness and decreased non-rapid eye movement(NREM)sleep time during the dark period and increased rapid eye movement(REM)sleep time during the light period.The stress-induced sleep disturbances were accompanied by dendritic atrophy in the NAc and both were largely reversed by daily systemic administration of the CRHR1 antagonist antalarmin during stress exposure.Importantly,Crh overexpression in the NAc reproduced the effects of early-life stress on sleep-wake behavior and NAc morphology,whereas NAc Crhr1 knockdown reversed these effects(including increased wakefulness and reduced NREM sleep in the dark period and NAc dendritic atrophy).Together,our findings demonstrate the negative influence of early-life stress on sleep architecture and the structural plasticity of the NAc,and highlight the critical role of the NAc CRH–CRHR1 system in modulating these negative outcomes evoked by early-life stress.

关键词： Early-life stress sleep CRH-CRHR1 Nucleus accumbens Morphology

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Understanding the Choice of sleep Arrangements and Soothing Methods and Their Associations with sleep Problems among Children Under 3 Years Old:A Chinese Population Based Study

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期35卷 225-233页

作者： FENG Wei Wei ZHANG Yue WANG Hui Shan PAN Xiao Ping JIN Xi XU Tao ZHANG Tong National Center for Women and Children's Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100081China Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020China

Objective This study aimed to examine the sleep arrangements and soothing methods and to assess their associations with sleep problems among children aged<3 years in China.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducte... 详细信息

Objective This study aimed to examine the sleep arrangements and soothing methods and to assess their associations with sleep problems among children agedsleep arrangements,soothing methods,and sleep problems(i.e.,frequent night awakenings and difficulty falling asleep)were assessed using the Brief Infant sleep Questionnaire.The reasons for bed-sharing in sleep arrangements were recorded using a self-designed questionnaire.Results The bed-sharing practice was very prevalent at any age,which ranged from 69.9%to 78.3%.Most infants fell asleep while feeding or being rocked/held before age 12 months.By age 35 months,62.4%of the children fell asleep in bed near parents.The most common reasons for bed-sharing were breastfeeding/feeding and convenience.Parental involvement when falling asleep was significantly related with frequent night awakenings and difficulty falling asleep.No association was found between bed-sharing and sleep.Conclusion Bed-sharing and parental involvement were very common among Chinese children agedsleep with parental involvement were more likely to have sleep problems.

关键词： sleep arrangements Soothing methods sleep Children

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Air pollution may increase the sleep apnea severity:A nationwide analysis of smart device-based monitoring

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The Innovation 2023年第6期4卷 69-75页

作者： Qingli Zhang Hong Wang Xinlei Zhu Anni Li Cong Liu Yutao Guo Haidong Kan Renjie Chen School of Public Health Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and BiosecurityKey Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology AssessmentFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Minitry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health Xinhua Hospital ffliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China Sixth Medical Center Chinese PL A General HospitalBejing 100048China Chinese PLA Medical College Beijing 100039China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)can lead to sleep deprivation,accidents,and cardiovascular diseases.However,research on the short-term effects of air pollutants on OSA severity is limited and inconsistent.We conducted a novel case time series analysis using a nationwide dataset among Huawei smart device users to assess the association between air pollution and OSA severity in a population at moderate-to-severe risk of OSA.Fixed-effects regression models were used to assess the associations between air pollution and the risk of OSA exacerbation,apnea-hypopnea index(AH),and oxygen saturation.A total of 51,842 participants who were at moder-ate-tosevere risk of OSA(mean age[SD]:45.4[11.0],95.5%male)were included,with 6,232,056 person-days of monitoring.The as sociations of fine particulate matter,nitrogen dioxide,carbon monoxide,and sulfur dioxide with OSA severity could occur during the sleep period,and last for 2 days.An increase of 1 interquartile range in the moving average concentrations of air pollution during the sleep period and the 2 previous days was associated with a 1.14%-4.31%increase in the risk of OSA exacerbation,an increase in AHI by 0.05-0.17 events/h,and a decrease in oxygen saturation(%)by 0.003-0.014.The exposure-response curves were almost linear.The associations between air pollutants and OSA were consistently stronger in participants aged 45 years or older.By virtue of the smart device-based technology,this largescale,nationwide,longitudinal study provides compelling evidence that short-term exposure to air pollution may worsen sleep apnea.Our findings highlight the significance of ongoing efforts to improve air quality in mitigating OSA severity and the relevant disease burden in an aging era.

关键词： severity sleep pollution

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Resveratrol and Sir2 Reverse sleep and Memory Defects Induced by Amyloid Precursor Protein

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第7期39卷 1117-1130页

作者： Yuping Hao Lingzhan Shao Jianan Hou Yan Zhang Yuqian Ma Jinhao Liu Chuan Xu Fujun Chen Li-Hui Cao Yong Ping Bio-X Institutes Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders(Ministry of Education)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Resveratrol(RES),a natural polyphenolic phytochemical,has been suggested as a putative anti-aging molecule for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)by the activation of sirtuin 1(Sirt1/Sir2).In this study,we tested the effects of RES and Sirt1/Sir2 on sleep and courtship memory in a Drosophila model by overexpression of amyloid precursor protein(APP),whose duplications and mutations cause familial AD.We found a mild but significant transcriptional increase of Drosophila Sir2(dSir2)by RES supplementation for up to 17 days in APP flies,but not for 7 days.RES and dSir2 almost completely reversed the sleep and memory deficits in APP flies.We further demonstrated that dSir2 acts as a sleep promotor in Drosophila neurons.Interestingly,RES increased sleep in the absence of dSir2 in dSir2-null mutants,and RES further enhanced sleep when dSir2 was either overexpressed or knocked down in APP flies.Finally,we showed that Aβaggregates in APP flies were reduced by RES and dSir2,probably via inhibiting Drosophilaβ-secretase(dBACE).Our data suggest that RES rescues the APP-induced behavioral deficits and Aβburden largely,but not exclusively,via dSir2.

关键词： Resveratrol Sir2 sleep Amyloid precursor protein β-Secretase Drosophila

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Analysis of sleep in individual Drosophila melanogaster reveals a self-regulatory role for cuticular hydrocarbons pheromones

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Insect Science 2022年第6期29卷 1737-1746页

作者： Xiaoyu Wu Su Wang Xianguo Zhao Jing Wen Yahong Li Zhangwu Zhao Juan Du Department of Entomology MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green ManagementCollege of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

It is well established that pheromones are used by insects to transmit infor-mation between individuals.However,research has revealed that individual insects can be both the sender and the receiver of some pheromonal signals.It is therefore interesting to consider whether the pheromonal state of an individual insect can exert an effect on itself.In this study,we monitored the sleep activity of single flies exhibiting a mutation that leads to pheromonal deficiency and found that cuticular hydrocarbons(CHs)exerted self-regulatory effects on the amount of sleep experienced by these flies.To identify the physiological significance of this mechanism,we compared the amounts of sleep in in-dividual young flies and individual old flies(flies are known to sleep less as they get older)and compared this data with young and old flies exhibiting mutations that lead to CH reception defects.The differences in the amount of sleep experienced by young and old mutant flies were significantly lower than those of the control flies.Our data show that hydrocarbon signals produced by the cuticle in Drosophila can be self-perceived and regulate the amount of sleep acquired in a maturation-dependent manner.

关键词： cuticular hydrocarbons pheromone sleep

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Pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第6期8卷 2895-2940页

作者： Renjun Lv Xueying Liu Yue Zhang Na Dong Xiao Wang Yao He Hongmei Yue Qingqing Yin The First School of Clinical Medicine Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Department of Endocrinology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan250021China Department of Geriatrics the 2nd Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Department of Geriatric Neurology Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan250021China

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS)is a common breathing disorder in sleep in which the airways narrow or collapse during sleep,causing obstructive sleep apnea.The prevalence of OSAS continues to rise worldwide,particularly in middle-aged and elderly individuals.The mechanism of upper airway collapse is incompletely understood but is associated with several factors,including obesity,craniofacial changes,altered muscle function in the upper airway,pharyngeal neuropathy,and fluid shifts to the neck.The main characteristics of OSAS are recurrent pauses in respiration,which lead to intermittent hypoxia(IH)and hypercapnia,accompanied by blood oxygen desaturation and arousal during sleep,which sharply increases the risk of several diseases.This paper first briefly describes the epidemiology,incidence,and pathophysiological mechanisms of OSAS.Next,the alterations in relevant signaling pathways induced by IH are systematically reviewed and discussed.For example,IH can induce gut microbiota(GM)dysbiosis,impair the intestinal barrier,and alter intestinal metabolites.These mechanisms ultimately lead to secondary oxidative stress,systemic inflammation,and sympathetic activation.We then summarize the effects of IH on disease pathogenesis,including cardiocerebrovascular disorders,neurological disorders,metabolic diseases,cancer,reproductive disorders,and COVID-19.Finally,different therapeutic strategies for OSAS caused by different causes are proposed.Multidisciplinary approaches and shared decision-making are necessary for the successful treatment of OSAS in the future,but more randomized controlled trials are needed for further evaluation to define what treatments are best for specific OSAS patients.

关键词： sleep epidemiology mechanisms

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Application value of questionnaires in screening obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in pregnancy across trimesters

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China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine) 2024年第1期41卷 42-42页

作者：王晶玉 Div sleep Med Peking Univ People's HospBeijing 100044

Objective To evaluate the clinical utility value of questionnaires of Berlin,STOP,STOP-Bang (SBQ),Epworth sleepiness Scale (ESS) in screening obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in pregnant women of different trim... 详细信息

关键词： sleep obstructive OSAS

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The good,the bad,and the ugly of consumer sleep technologies use among athletes:A call for action

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第4期12卷 486-488页

作者： Khaled Trabelsi Ahmed S.BaHammam Hamdi Chtourou Haitham Jahrami Michael V.Vitiello High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax University of SfaxSfax 3000Tunisia Research Laboratory:Education MotricitySport and HealthUniversity of SfaxSfax 3000Tunisia Department of Medicine College of MedicineUniversity Sleep Disorders CenterKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 2925Saudi Arabia The Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences and Technology and Innovation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia RiyadhSaudi Arabia Research Unit:Physical Activity Sportand HealthNational Observatory of SportTunis 1003Tunisia Govermental Hospitals Manama 329Kingdom of Bahrain Department of Psychiatry College of Medicine and Medical SciencesArabian Gulf UniversityManama 329Kingdom of Bahrain Department of Psychiatry&Behavioral Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195-6560USA

1.Introduction For athletes,the quality and quantity of sleep are essential elements for optimizing recovery and subsequent performance.1 Unfortunately,athletes frequently face challenges getting sufficient,high-quality sleep.2 A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of 81 studies involving 1830 athletes concluded that compared to healthy non-athletes,athletes'sleep duration was shorter with poorer sleep efficiency.

关键词： athletes sleep shorter

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Dopamine Control of REM sleep and Cataplexy

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第12期38卷 1617-1619页

作者： Chujun Zhang Luyan Huang Min Xu Institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceCenter for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Afliated Sixth People’s Hospital Shanghai 200233China Shanghai Key Laboratory of sleep Disordered Breathing Shanghai 200233China

The brain circuits underlying sleep-wake regulation are not fully understood,although significant progress has been made in the past few decades[1-3].Different sleep-wake states arecontrolledbydistinct neural circuits.

关键词： Dopamine sleep neural

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