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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第9期92卷 2503-2518页

作者： JoséAdrian Perez-Robles Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán Víctor Manuel Ruíz-Valdiviezo Joaquín Adolfo Montes-Molina Laboratorio de Biotecnología Vegetal Tecnológico Nacional de MexicoCampus Tuxtla GutiérrezTuxtla Gutiérrez29050Mexico

The objective to this work was to evaluate the enzymatic activity in the culture of Solanum lycopersicum L.infected with Fusarium oxysporum after the combined application of Beauveria bassiana and plant extracts.Solanum lycopersicum plantlets were transplanted 15 days after the emergency.Five days after transplanting,Beauveria bassiana spores were applied at a concentration of 1×10^(7)spores mL^(−1)onto soil(along with A.indica(N)and P.auritum(H)leaf extracts)where S.lycopersicum plants were planted.Eight days after transplanting,spores of F.oxysporum strain were applied at a concentration of 1×10^(6)spores mL^(−1)to soil where S.lycopersicum plants were growing.The development of S.lycopersicum plants was monitored for 114 days,whereby a randomized complete block treatment design was used,the roots of the plants were crushed with liquid nitrogen,after which UV/VIS spectrophotometry was used to determine protein concentration,as well as the activity ofβ-1,3-glucanases,peroxidases(POX,EC1.***.1.7),catalase and chitinases.The treatments combining B.bassiana and A.indica and P.auritum extracts,had a significant difference in enzymatic activity levels,thus contributing to better defense mechanisms and a greater protection to S.lycopersicum plants in the presence of F.oxysporum.The application of B.bassiana and plant extracts to the ground mitigated damage caused by F.oxysporum on S.lycopersicum plants.

关键词： Glucanases chitinases peroxidases catalase defense mechanisms

Preliminary Study towards Enhanced Crude Oil Biodegradation Reveals Congeneric Total peroxidases with Striking Distinctions

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2015年第3期3卷 66-74页

作者： Folasade M. Olajuyigbe Kevin I. Ehiosun Kikelomo F. Jaiyesimi Enzyme Biotechnology Unit Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

peroxidases (POXs) are the key extracellular enzymes produced by crude oil degrading microbes. Knowledge of optimum conditions for POXs activity is crucial for providing effective environment for bioremediation. In this study, physicochemical properties of POXs produced by Actinomyces israelii and Actinomyces viscosus during growth on crude oil were studied. The POXs exhibited similarities in activity and stability with striking differences in response to two divalent metal ions. The POXs from both species had optimum pH of 7.0 and were very stable over a narrow pH range (6.0 - 8.0). The POXs demonstrated similar thermostability exhibiting relative residual activity of 62% at 50°C after 30 min incubation and 45% residual activity at the same temperature after 60 min despite the fact that POXs from A. viscosus and A. israelii had optimum temperatures of 50°C and 40°C, respectively. The POXs from A. viscosus and A. israelii were greatly activated by Fe2+ at 5.0 and 10.0 mM. The enzymes were both strongly inhibited by Cu2+, Mg2+ and Hg2+. Surprisingly, these congeneric POXs demonstrated striking differences in their response to Ca2+ and Mn2+. POX from A. viscosus was activated by Ca2+ and Mn2+ exhibiting relative activity of 136% and 106% at 5 mM, respectively. In contrast, POX from A. israelii was strongly inhibited by Ca2+ and Mn2+ exhibiting 62.5% relative activity in the presence of 5 mM of each metal ion. Increasing the concentration of Ca2+ and Mn2+ led to further activation of POX from A. viscosus and inhibition of POX from A. israelii. Results provide deeper insights into functional properties of studied POXs from closely related microbes. The physicochemical properties are very similar;however, notable differences provide a strong basis for structural characterization of these congeneric enzymes.

关键词： Actinomyces israelii Actinomyces viscosus Bioremediation Congeneric Enzymes Crude Oil peroxidases

Association between Serum Glutathione peroxidases and Superoxide Dismutases mRNA Level with Coronary Artery Disease

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Health 2017年第2期9卷 252-260页

作者： Ali Reza Abaspour Mohammad Taghikhani Mohamad Reza Parizade Mohsen Moohebati Fahime Ghafoori Mehraneh Mehramiz Maryam Tayefi Amir Avan Marzeye Ghalandari Gordon A. A. Ferns Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan Department of Molecular Science Faculty of Medicine North Khorasan University of Medical Science Bojnurd Iran Department of Clinical Biochemistry Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Science (MUMS) Mashhad Iran Cardiovascular Research Center Avicenna Research Institute Mashhad University of Medical Science (MUMS) Mashhad Iran Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Science Payame Noor University Mashhad Iran Division of Medical Education Brighton & Sussex Medical School Brighton UK

Background: Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between free radical formation and the protective antioxidant mechanisms. The latter mechanisms include superoxide dismutases (SODs) and glutathione peroxidases (GPx) that scavenge excessive ROS and protect cells against excess ROS production. The aim of current study was to determine the serum levels of SOD and serum GPx mRNA as well as the serum prooxidant-antioxidant balance in CVD patients. Method: A total of 103 subjects were recruited, with ≥50% stenosis (Angio+) or –). The expression levels of SOD and GPx in serum were measured using real time PCR. Biochemical-analyses (e.g., triglycerides;high-density lipo-protein cholesterol;low-density lipoprotein cholesterol;fasting-blood-glucose) were determined in all the subjects. Associations of SOD and GPx levels with biochemical and anthropometric characteristics were assessed together with evaluation of the serum pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB). Results: CVD subjects had a significantly higher level of fasting blood glucose (FBG), TC, LDL-C, TG and hs-CRP levels, as compared to control subjects. The level of serum PAB was significantly higher in the CVD group, 117.92 ± 35.51 and 110.65 ± 27.65 μg/dl in the angio– and angio+ groups, respectively compared to the control group (54.26 + 23.25). Additionally we observed that the SOD-3 level was higher in angio+ group versus control subjects. Conclusion: We have found that patients with CVD had a significantly higher prooxidant-antioxidant and SOD-3 levels. Further studies in larger multi-center setting are warranted to explore the value of emerging biomarker in CVD patients.

关键词： Coronary Artery Disease Glutathione peroxidases Superoxide Dismutases Real Time PCR Angiography

Filling the Gaps to Solve the Extensin Puzzle

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Molecular Plant 2018年第5期11卷 645-658页

作者： Eliana Marzol Cecilia Borassi Mauro Bringas Ana Sede Diana Rosa Rodriguez Garcia Luciana Capece Jose M. Estevez Fundacion Instituto Leloir and Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CO.NICEr) Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435 Buenos AiresCP C1405BWE Argentina Departamento de Quimica Inorganica Analitica y Quimica Fisica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires (INQUIMAE-CONICET)Buenos Aires CP C1428EGA Argentina Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingenierfa Genetica y Biologia Molecular Dr. Hector Torres (INGEBI-CONICET) Vuelta de Obligado 2490 Buenos Aires C1428ADNArgentina

Extensins （EXTs） are highly repetitive plant O-glycoproteins that require several post-translational modifi- cations （PTMs） to become functional in plant cell walls. First, they are hydroxylated on contiguous proline residues; then they are O-glycosylated on hydroxyproline and serine. After secretion into the apoplast, O-glycosylated EXTs form a tridimensional network organized by inter- and intra-Tyr linkages. Recent studies have made significant progress in the identification of the enzymatic machinery required to process EXTs, which includes prolyl 4-hydroxylases, glycosyltransferases, papain-type cysteine endopeptidases, and peroxidases. EXTs are abundant in plant tissues and are particularly important in rapidly expanding root hairs and pollen tubes, which grow in a polar manner. Small changes in EXT PTMs affect fastgrowing cells, although the molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation are unknown. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of EXT modifications throughout the secretory pathway, EXT assembly in cell walls, and possible sensing mechanisms involving the Catharanthus roseus cell surface sensor receptor-like kinases located at the interface between the apoplast and the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cysteine endopeptidases extensins glycosyltransferases peroxidases prolyl 4-hydroxylases

Surface modification of nanozymes

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Nano Research 2017年第4期10卷 1125-1148页

作者： Biwu Liu Juewen Liu Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G 1 Canada

Nanoparticles and proteins are similar in a number of aspects, and using nanoparticles to mimic the catalytic function of enzymes is an interesting yet challenging task. Impressive developments have been made over the past two decades on this front. The term nanozyme was coined to refer to nanoparticle- based enzyme mimics. To date, many different types of nanozymes have been reported to catalyze a broad range of reactions for chemical, analytical, and biomedical applications. Since chemical reactions happen mainly on the surface of nanozymes, an interesting aspect for investigation is surface modification. In this review, we summarize three types of nanozyme materials catalyzing various reactions with a focus on their surface chemistry. For metal oxides, cerium oxide and iron oxide are discussed as they are the most extensively studied. Then, gold nanoparticles and graphene oxide are reviewed to represent metallic and carbon nanomaterials, respectively. Types of modifications include ions, small molecules, and polymers mainly by physisorption, while in a few cases, covalent modifications were also employed. The functional aspect of such modification is to improve catalytic activity, substrate specificity, and stability. Future perspectives of this field are speculated at the end of this review.

关键词： enzyme-mimics nanozymes adsorption peroxidases biosensors

A wheat Peroxidase Gene TaPRX mediates the defence responses to drought and salinity stresses in transgenic wheat

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A wheat Peroxidase Gene TaPRX mediates the defence responses...

Effects of Low Temperature and Low Light on Physiology of Tomato Seedlings

第十届全国小麦基因组学及分子育种大会

作者： Peisen Su Jun Yan Liang Wang Wen Li Jinxiao Zhao Xin Ma Anfei Li Hongwei Wang Lingrang Kong State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Shandong Agricultural University College of Information Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University

peroxidases(PRX),a large group of widely distributed enzymes,play a central role in regulation of many plant processes,including abiotic stress.However,far less information of molecular mechanisms is available on abiotic-responsive PRX genes in wheat.Here,we reported insights into the function of a wheat(Triticum aestivum) class III peroxidases gene TaPRX.According to the identification PRXs of twelve plants,we proposed a evolutionary model of this TaPRX gene.We inferred that this TaPRX might experience some exon fusion events in evolution.The expression pattern of this TaPRX was performed in different tissues by qRT-PCR,and the result showed that it exhibited relatively higher expression levels in root than stem and leaves.The expression pattern of abiotic stresses showed that it was up-regulated by the treatment with PEG6000,NaCl,H202,and hormones(including SA,JA,ABA).We constructed the TaPRX-overexpressing transgenic wheat,and the result exhibited that it significantly enhanced tolerances to drought and salinity stresses in transgenic wheat than wild-type.Under drought and salinity stresses,the transgenic wheat plants had a higher survive rate,higher relative water content,and higher shoot length than WT,but the root length was almost no different.Further results indicated that transgenic plants enhanced drought and salinity tolerance by enhancing oxidative stress tolerance,such as lower levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS) accumulation,MDA content and higher antioxidant enzymes activities of SOD,CAT,POD.Moreover,a subset of stress-related genes were up-regulated by overexpression of the TaPRX.Taken together,these results demonstrate that TaPRX functions act as a positive factor under drought and salinity stresses by controlling ROS homeostasis and regulating transcription of stress related genes.

关键词： Wheat Drought and salinity stresses peroxidases TaPRX

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第2期11卷 162-179页

作者： Yubo Yang Lingdi Dong Linqi Shi Jinghua Guo Yonggang Jiao Haizheng Xiong Ryan William Dickson Ainong Shi Institute of Economic Crops Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Shijiazhuang China Department of Horticulture University of Arkansas FayettevilleUSA

The physiological changes and the mechanism of stress tolerance in tomato were studied under low temperature and low light conditions. Two growth chamber experiments evaluated three temperatures regimes under standard and relatively low illumination levels with three tomato genotypes. Both experiments used a completely randomized split-plot design (CRD), with temperature regime as the main plot and tomato genotype as the split-plot. The three tomato varieties were “Fenyan No.1”, “SV0313TG”, and “Ousa”. In both experiments, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidases (POD) in tomato seedlings decreased under low temperature regime and the combination of low temperature and low light. Decreasing temperature had the greatest effect on the increase in enzyme activity. Decrease in POD activity was the greatest under low light and low temperature. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plant tissue also decreased under low temperature (20°C/10°C day/night) compared to the standard temperature control (25°C/16°C day/night), but increased at 15°C/5°C day/night temperatures in both experiments and was the greatest under the lowest light and temperature conditions. In both experiments, proline concentrations were the greatest under the standard light intensity (30,000 lux), and proline concentrations increased as temperature decreased. The content of soluble sugar decreased under only low temperature stress but increased under double stresses. The relative value of osmotic potential increased a little under low temperature stress but decreased under double stresses.

关键词： Enzyme Activity Malondialdehyde Osmotic Potential peroxidases Proline Physiological Condition Soluble Sugar Stress Tolerance Superoxide Dismutase

Enhancement of defense responses by <i>Clonostachys rosea</i>against Botrytis <i>cinerea</i>in tomatoes

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 709-714页

作者： Liana Dalcantara Ongouya Mouekouba Aijie Wang Zhenzhu Zhang Kehinde O. Erinle Xiuling Chen Aoxue Wang Colleges of Life Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Colleges of Life Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China

Clonostachys rosea (C. rosea) is a biocontrol agent that is used to combat and prevent phytopathogenic fungi attacks because of its ability to involve many factors and diverse modes of action. The reactions of C. rosea on the control of gray mold disease in tomato leaves were investigated in this study. To investigate the reactions of C. rosea in inducing resistance to tomato plants, three treatments, including Botrytis cinerea treatment (treatment B), C. rosea treatment (treatment C), C. rosea and B. cinerea treatment (treatment C + B) and water (control), to be applied on tomato leaves were set up. Disease severity was subsequently evaluated and compared with the control. The treatment of tomato leaves with C. rosea (15 μg/ml) significantly reduced the disease index after inoculation and severity of gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea. The results indicated that the C. rosea treatment stimulated the activity of the defense related enzymes: peroxidases (POX), lipoxygenases (LOX) and glutathione S-transferases (GST), and the treatment C + B reduced the incidence and severity of the gray mold. Furthermore, C. rosea treatment increased the activity of pathogenesis related proteins PR1. Therefore, our results suggest that C. rosea could enhance the resistance of tomato plants to gray mold through the activation of defense genes and via the enhancement of defense-related enzymatic activities.

关键词： Botrytis cinerea Clonostachys rosea Defense Enzymes Glutathione S-Transferases Li-poxygenases peroxidases Pathogenesis Related