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Antimicrobial resistance: a global one-health problem for all ages

World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第6期14卷 521-522页

作者： Yong-Hong Yang Jim Buttery Beijing Children’s Hospital Affi liated to Capital Medical University BeijingChina Shenzhen Children’s Hospital ShenzhenChina Department of Inf ection and Immunity Monash Children’s Hospital246 Clayton RoadClaytonMelbourneVIC 3168Australia Monash University MelbourneVICAustralia

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been declared a major threat to global health, with the potential to reverse advances in treating disease, and impeding other global pri-orities including human development. The urgent menace of AMR has been recognized by the World health Organi-sation Global Action Plan in 2015 [1], the 2016 United Nations General Assembly unanimous commitment to tackle AMR [2], and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) 2017 declaration on AMR (3)AMR has been highlighted as a major health and economic challenge, with the consequences of failing to meet that challenge falling upon our children and grandchildren. Not only will children bear the burden of rising AMR, they are especially at risk now due to a number of factors. In many studies, children and the elderly are the highest consumers of antimicrobi-als (4)In addition, frequently inappropriate doses in chil-dren mean that they are receiving sub-therapeutic doses, maximizing the chance of encouraging resistant organ-isms to flourish. The normal behaviour of early childhood also encourages the spread of resistant organisms between children. Finally, their lifetime risk of exposure to resistant organisms is higher than adults.

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance global one-health problem disease

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“one-health”——为了地球的健康

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中华环境 2020年第4期 73-74页

作者：于洋

传染病不仅是人类的敌人,也是诸多受人类影响、本身种群岌岌可危的野生动物的敌人。人类扩张了传染病的版图,也应该负起责任,为本不应接触到这些来自地球另一角落的病原体的野生动物筑起健康防线。在一千多种有记载的感染人类的病原体中... 详细信息

传染病不仅是人类的敌人,也是诸多受人类影响、本身种群岌岌可危的野生动物的敌人。人类扩张了传染病的版图,也应该负起责任,为本不应接触到这些来自地球另一角落的病原体的野生动物筑起健康防线。在一千多种有记载的感染人类的病原体中,将近六成是人畜共患病,也就是这种疾病能够由动物传染给人类。我们耳熟能详的非典、禽流感、猪流感、狂犬病等都属于人畜共患病。而在这几百种人畜共患病中,大

关键词：狮面狨 one-health 黄热病疫苗种群数量

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Genetic Evidence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus(MERS-Cov) and Widespread Seroprevalence among Camels in Kenya

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第6期33卷 484-492页

作者： Sheila Ommeh Wei Zhang Ali Zohaib Jing Chen Huajun Zhang Ben Hu Xing-Yi Ge Xing-Lou Yang Moses Masika Vincent Obanda Yun Luo Shan Li Cecilia Waruhiu Bei Li Yan Zhu Desterio Ouma Vincent Odendo Lin-Fa Wang Danielle E.Anderson Jacqueline Lichoti Erick Mungube Francis Gakuya Peng Zhou Kisa-Juma Ngeiywa Bing Yan Bernard Agwanda Zheng-Li Shi Institute for Biotechnology Research Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairobi 62000-00200Kenya CAS Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China College of Biology Hunan University410006China Department of Medical Microbiology University of NairobiNairobi 30197-00100Kenya Veterinary Services Department Kenya Wildlife ServiceNairobi 40241-00100Kenya Veterinary Research Institute Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research OrganizationNairobi 57811-00200Kenya Veterinary Services Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore 169857Singapore Directorate of Veterinary Services State Department of LivestockMinistry of AgricultureLivestock Fisheries and IrrigationNairobi 34188-00100Kenya Kenya Camel Association Nairobi 30095-00100Kenya Department of Zoology National Museums of KenyaNairobi 40658-00100Kenya

We describe the first genome isolation of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV) in Kenya. This fatal zoonotic pathogen was first described in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 2012. Epidemiological and molecular evidence revealed zoonotic transmission from camels to humans and between humans. Currently, MERS-CoV is classified by the WHO as having high pandemic potential requiring greater surveillance. Previous studies of MERS-CoV in Kenya mainly focused on site-specific and archived camel and human serum samples for antibodies. We conducted active nationwide cross-sectional surveillance of camels and humans in Kenya, targeting both nasal swabs and plasma samples from 1,163 camels and 486 humans collected from January 2016 to June 2018. A total of 792 camel plasma samples were positive by ELISA. Seroprevalence increased with age, and the highest prevalence was observed in adult camels(82.37%, 95%confidence interval(CI) 79.50–84.91). More female camels were significantly seropositive(74.28%, 95% CI 71.14–77.19)than male camels(P \ 0.001)(53.74%, 95% CI 48.48–58.90). Only 11 camel nasal swabs were positive for MERS-CoV by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of whole genome sequences showed that Kenyan MERSCoV clustered within sub-clade C2, which is associated with the African clade, but did not contain signature deletions of orf4 b in African viruses. None of the human plasma screened contained neutralizing antibodies against MERS-CoV. This study confirms the geographically widespread occurrence of MERS-CoV in Kenyan camels. Further one-health surveillance approaches in camels, wildlife, and human populations are needed.

关键词： Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV) one-health Public health Zoonosis Kenya

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Molecular detection of virulence genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第6期19卷 1656-1670页

作者： Bongekile NGOBESE Oliver Tendayi ZISHIRI Mohamed Ezzat EL ZOWALATY Discipline of Genetics School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000South Africa Zoonosis Science Center Department of Medical Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75185Sweden Infectious Diseases and Anti-Infective Therapy Research Group College of Pharmacy and Sharjah Medical Research InstituteUniversity of SharjahSharjah 27272UAE

Campylobacter species are a major cause of foodborne bacterial infections in both developed and developing countries *** jejuni is responsible for the majority of infectio *** study was con ducted to identify virule nceassociated genes in Campylobacter species isolated from livestock production systems in South Africa.A total of 250 fecal samples consisting of cattle(n=50),chickens(n=50),goats(n=50),sheep(n=50)and pigs(n=50)were randomly collected from livestock in Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces of South Africa between April and October *** samples were an a lyzed for the presence of virule nee genes in Campylobacter species using molecular PCR-based *** was found that 77 and 23%of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli respectively were isolated from all the livestock *** were positive significant(Pone-health approaches to reduce the impact of foodborne and zoonotic diseases for the welfare of human and animal health.

关键词： Campylobacter zoonotic cytotoxicity pathogenicity virulenee campylobacteriosis foodbome livestock PCR one-health

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A Review on Ruminant and Human Brucellosis in Somalia

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2015年第6期5卷 133-137页

作者： Ahmed Abdulkadir Hassan-Kadle College of Veterinary Science Abrar University Mogadishu Somalia

This review article aims to describe the prevalence of brucellosis in ruminants and humans in Somalia and also guides policy makers to draw sound decisions regarding brucellosis control policies. It is concluded that brucellosis is of no public health importance in Somalia. Nevertheless, it is suggested that a stronger inter-sectoral collaboration among veterinary, medical and public health professionals at the federal and country level in terms of one-health approach should be promoted.

关键词： Brucellosis Domestic Ruminant Human one-health Review Somalia

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