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Machine learning in nuclear physics at low and intermediate energies

Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第8期66卷 1-19页

作者： Wanbing He Qingfeng Li Yugang Ma Zhongming Niu Junchen Pei Yingxun Zhang Key Laboratory of nuclear physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Research Center for Theoretical nuclear physics NSFC and Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Science Huzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Institute of Modern physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73000China School of physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China State Key Laboratory of nuclear physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Southern Center for nuclear-Science Theory(SCNT) Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHuizhou 516000China Department of nuclear physics China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China Guangxi Key Laboratory of nuclear physics and Technology Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China

Machine learning(ML)is becoming a new paradigm for scientific research in various research fields due to its exciting and powerful capability of modeling tools used for big-data processing tasks.In this review,we first briefly introduce the different methodologies used in ML algorithms and techniques.As a snapshot of many applications by ML,some selected applications are presented,especially for low-and intermediate-energy nuclear physics,which include topics on theoretical applications in nuclear structure,nuclear reactions,properties of nuclear matter,and experimental applications in event identification/reconstruction,complex system control,and firmware performance.Finally,we present a summary and outlook on the possible directions of ML use in low-intermediate energy nuclear physics and possible improvements in ML algorithms.

关键词： machine learning nuclear physics low and intermediate energies

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核聚变与等离子体物理

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核聚变与等离子体物理

作者：刘永

出版社：核工业西南物理研究院

《核聚变与等离子体物理》的办刊宗旨是，促进核聚变与等离子体物理研究中的理论、工程及实验成果的学术交流，推广核聚变研究中间技术及低温等离子体应用方面的成果，发现和培养人才，促进核聚变与等离子体物理学科不断向前发展。主要...

《核聚变与等离子体物理》的办刊宗旨是，促进核聚变与等离子体物理研究中的理论、工程及实验成果的学术交流，推广核聚变研究中间技术及低温等离子体应用方面的成果，发现和培养人才，促进核聚变与等离子体物理学科不断向前发展。主要刊登核聚变和等离子体物理专业的理论研究、实验技术、测试诊断等方面的论文及评述文章，也涉及天体和空间等离子体物理、低温等离子体物理及其应用方面的研究。读者对象为从事核聚变与等离子体物理研究的科技人员及大专院校相关专业的师生。

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Selected topics of quantum computing for nuclear physics

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Chinese physics B 2021年第2期30卷 23-34页

作者：张旦波邢宏喜颜辉王恩科朱诗亮 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials School of Physics and Telecommunication EngineeringSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter Frontier Research Institute for PhysicsSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of nuclear Science Institute of Quantum MatterSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter Southern Nuclear Science Computing CenterSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

nuclear physics,whose underling theory is described by quantum gauge field coupled with matter,is fundamentally important and yet is formidably challenge for simulation with classical computers.Quantum computing provides a perhaps transformative approach for studying and understanding nuclear physics.With rapid scaling-up of quantum processors as well as advances on quantum algorithms,the digital quantum simulation approach for simulating quantum gauge fields and nuclear physics has gained lots of attention.In this review,we aim to summarize recent efforts on solving nuclear physics with quantum computers.We first discuss a formulation of nuclear physics in the language of quantum computing.In particular,we review how quantum gauge fields(both Abelian and non-Abelian)and their coupling to matter field can be mapped and studied on a quantum computer.We then introduce related quantum algorithms for solving static properties and real-time evolution for quantum systems,and show their applications for a broad range of problems in nuclear physics,including simulation of lattice gauge field,solving nucleon and nuclear structures,quantum advantage for simulating scattering in quantum field theory,non-equilibrium dynamics,and so on.Finally,a short outlook on future work is given.

关键词： quantum computing nuclear physics quantum field theory quantum simulation quantum algorithm

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《nuclear physics》编辑部搬迁

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原子核物理评论 1992年第1期 61-61页

作者：惠林中国科学院近物所

小消息埃奥塞维尔(Elsevier)科学出版社的北荷兰物理出版部最近发出通告,宣布该社出版的《核物理》杂志A 辑和B 辑(nuclear physics A and B)的编辑部将由丹麦哥本哈根迁到荷兰的阿姆斯特丹.从1992年3月1日开始,所有寄往该编辑部的邮件... 详细信息

小消息埃奥塞维尔(Elsevier)科学出版社的北荷兰物理出版部最近发出通告,宣布该社出版的《核物理》杂志A 辑和B 辑(nuclear physics A and B)的编辑部将由丹麦哥本哈根迁到荷兰的阿姆斯特丹.从1992年3月1日开始,所有寄往该编辑部的邮件请按下述新地址邮寄:

关键词：编辑部 nuclear physics 荷兰

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Unified treatment for accurate and fast evaluation of the Fermi-Dirac functions

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Chinese physics B 2010年第5期19卷 72-77页

作者： I.I.Guseinov B.A.Mamedov Department of physics Faculty of Arts and SciencesOnsekiz Mart UniversityCanakkaleTurkey Department of physics Faculty of Arts and SciencesGaziosmanpa sa UniversityTokatTurkey

A new analytical approach to the computation of the Fermi-Dirac （FD） functions is presented, which was suggested by previous experience with various algorithms. Using the binomial expansion theorem these functions are expressed through the binomial coefficients and familiar incomplete Gamma functions. This simplification and the use of the memory of the computer for the calculation of binomial coefficients may extend the limits to large arguments for users and result in speedier calculation, should such limits be required in practice. Some numerical results are presented for significant mapping examples and they are briefly discussed.

关键词： statistical semiconductors plasma physics nuclear physics

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Region-based fusion of infrared and visible images using nonsubsampled contourlet transform

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Chinese Optics Letters 2008年第5期6卷 338-341页

作者：郭宝龙张强侯叶 ICIE Institute School of Electromechanical EngineeringXidian University

With the nonsubsampled contourlet transform （NSCT）, a novel region-segmentation-based fusion algorithm for infrared （IR） and visible images is presented. The IR image is segmented according to the physical features of the target. The source images are decomposed by the NSCT, and then, different fusion rules for the target regions and the background regions are employed to merge the NSCT coefficients respectively. Finally, the fused image is obtained by applying the inverse NSCT. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the pixel-based methods, including the traditional wavelet-based method and NSCT-based method.

关键词： Boolean functions Fusion reactions Image enhancement Image fusion Image segmentation nuclear physics

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Negative Pion Induced Fission with Heavy Target Nuclei

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Chinese physics Letters 2011年第1期28卷 58-61页

作者： O. Sher Mukhtar A. Rana S. Manzoor M. I. Shahzad physics Division PINSTECH P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

We investigate fission induced by negative pions in copper and bismuth targets using CR-39 dielectric track detectors. The target-detector assemblies in 4π-geometric configuration were exposed at the AGS facility of Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA. The exposed detectors were chemically etched under appropriate etching conditions and scanned to collect data in the form of fission fragments tracks produced as a result of interaction of pions with the target nuclei. Using the track counts, the experimental fission cross sections for copper and bismuth have been measured at energies of 500, 672, 1068 and 1665 MeV and compared with the calculation using the Cascade-Exciton Model code （CEM95）. The values of fission probability based on experimental fission cross-sections have been compared with the theoretically calculated values of fission probabilities obtained using the CEM95 code. Good agreement is observed between the measured and computed results.

关键词： nuclear physics

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Factorial Correlators and Oscillatory Multiplicity Moments at the CERN SPS Energy for Ring-Like and Jet-Like Events

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Chinese physics Letters 2011年第1期28卷 62-65页

作者： Prabir Kumar Haldar Sanjib Kumar Manna Dinhata College Department of Physics Dinhata Coochbehar West Bengal India

We present an analysis of ring-like and jet-like events in terms of factorial correlations and oscillatory multiplicity moments of 32S Ag/Br interactions at 200 A OeV. The investigation reveals that the correlated moments increase with decrease in bin-bin separation D, following the power law, which suggests the presence of an intermittent nature of self-similar dynamical fluctuations pattern for ring-like and jet-like events. The analysis further shows that the strength of the non-statistical fluctuations is larger for jet-like events than those of ring-like events and total events. However, ring-like and jet-like events are not to be consistent with the total events of the c~ model of intermittency. To go beyond the lower order correlation, the oscillatory multiplicity moments are used to study the higher order correlation. The ratios Hq （cumulant over factorial moments, Kq/Fq） are determined for ring-like, jet-like and the total events. The presence of few-particle short range correlation is established. It is extremely interesting to observe that the oscillations of ring-like events are different from the jet-like events and the total events. However, in almost all the cases, the simulated interactions fail to replicate the experimental results.

关键词： nuclear physics

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Correction of ultraviolet single photon counting image distortion

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Chinese Optics Letters 2008年第9期6卷 661-664页

作者：张兴华赵宝升缪震华李伟朱香平刘永安邹玮 State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision MechanicsChinese Acaderny of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision MechanicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Single photon counting imaging technology has been widely used in space environment detection, astronomy observation, nuclear physics, and ultraweak bioluminescence. However, the distortion of the single photon counting image will badly affect the measurement results. Therefore, the correction of distortion for single photon counting image is very significant. Ultraviolet single photon imaging system with wedge and strip anode is introduced and the influence factor leading to image distortion is analyzed. To correct original distorted image, three different image correction methods, namely, the physical correction, the global correction, and the local correction, are applied. In addition, two parameters, i.e., the position index and the linearity index, are defined to evaluate the performance of the three methods. The results suggest that the correction methods can improve the quality of the initial image without losing gray information of each counting light spot. And the local correction can provide the best visual inspections and performance evaluation among the three methods.

关键词： Image reconstruction Light measurement nuclear physics Optoelectronic devices Particle beams Photons Visual communication

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Sub Farm Interface of the ATLAS Dataflow System

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Plasma Science and Technology 2006年第3期8卷 355-357页

作者：刘尉悦安琪 Maria Lorenza FERRER School of Information Science and Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China Fast Electronics Laboratory Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Fast Electronics Laboratory Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare 00044 FrascatiItaly

Sub Farm Interface is the event builder of the ATLAS（A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS） Dataflow System. It receives event fragments from the Read Out System, builds full events and sends complete events to the Event Filter for high level event selection. This paper describes the implementation of the Sub Farm Interface. Furthermore, this paper introduces some issues on SFI（Sub Farm Interface） optimization and the monitoring service inside SFI.

关键词： nuclear physics event building data acquisition monitoring dataflow

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