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Adult neurogenesis and regeneration in zebrafish brain: are the neurotrophins involved in?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第12期14卷 2067-2068页

作者： Pietro Cacialli Carla Lucini Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Naples Federico Ⅱ

neurotrophins (NTs) are implicated in the maintenance and survival of the peripheral and central nervous systems and mediate several forms of synaptic plasticity. Members of the family include nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), NT3, and NT4. NTs were first identified as survival factors for developing neurons, but are pleiotropic molecules that can exert a variety of functions, including the regulation of neuronal differentiation, axonal and dendritic growth, and synaptic plasticity (Bothwell, 2014). NTs interact with two distinct types of receptors: the common p75 neurotrophin receptor, which belongs to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily of death receptors and the Trk receptor tyrosine kinase family.

关键词： Adult neurogenesis regeneration neurotrophins

Updated overview on interplay between physical exercise,neurotrophins,and cognitive function in humans

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 74-81页

作者： Giuseppe Lippi Camilla Mattiuzzi Fabian Sanchis-Gomar Section of Clinical Biochemistry University of VeronaVerona 37129Italy Service of Clinical Governance Provincial Agency for Social and.Sanitary ServicesTrento 38123Italy Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Valencia and INCLIVA Biomedical Research InstituteValencia 46010Spain

The many important benefits of physical exercise also encompass maintenance or improvement of cognitive functions. Among the variousmechanisms underlying the association between physical exercise and brain health, recent evidence attests that neurotrophin receptor signalingmay have an important role, because the activation of this pathway leads to growth and differentiation of new neurons and synapses, supportsaxonal and dendritic growth, fosters synaptic plasticity, and preserves survival of existing neurons. In this review of published evidence, we highlightthat a positive relationship exists between physical exercise and circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and that the postexercisevariation of this molecule is associated with improvement of neurocognitive functioning. Less clear evidence has instead been published forother neurotrophins, such as nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4. Overall, promotion of adequate volumes and intensities ofphysical exercise (i.e., approximately 3 months of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, with 2—3 sessions/week lasting not less than 30 min)may hence be regarded as an inexpensive and safe strategy for boosting brain-derived neurotrophic factor release, thus preserving or restoringcognitive functions.

关键词： Cognitive function neurotrophins Physical exercise Sport

Embryonic Limb Buds Derived neurotrophins on the Survival of Neurons and the Growth of Axons in Culture in Vitro

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 1998年第4期18卷 212-215页

作者：刘红光洪光祥王发斌陈芳 Department of Hand Surgery Xiehe Hospital Tongji Medical University Wuhan

Bioactive proteins from SD rat limb buds were extracted and purified. Fractions of 22 ku, 34 ku and 95 ku were proved to have neurotrophic activity to neurons, and the combined activity of these three fractions was the highest. So they were combinedly added into the culture medium of sensor neurons in dorsal root ganglia and motor neurons of anterior spinal cord from 2-week-old embryonic rats, and PBS was added as control. Phase-contrast microscopic and electron microscopic observations, and true cholinesterase measurements were performed to evaluate the survival and changes in growth, function, and ultrastructure of these cultured neurons. In the experimental group, it was found that the AchE activity was higher (Pneurotrophins played an important role in maitaining the survival of the neurons and promoting the growth of axons. It was concluded that embryonic limb buds derived neurotrophins had high neurotrophic activities on neurons' survival and axon growth.

关键词： limb bud neurotrophins neuron cell culture

Correlation of the expression of neurotrophins family and its receptors with cell proliferation and invasion in ovarian cancer

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Journal of Hainan Medical University 2018年第14期24卷 50-53页

作者： Liang Li Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Guangyuan First People's Hospital in Sichuan ProvinceGuangyuanSichuan Province628017

Objective:To investigate the correlation among the expression of neurotrophins (NTs) family and its receptors with cell proliferation and invasion in ovarian ***:Ninety patients with ovarian cancer who underwent surgical treatment in Guangyuan First People's Hospital between December 2015 and October 2017 were selected as ovarian cancer group, and 67 patients with ovarian chocolate cyst were selected as benign lesion group. The differences in the expression of NTs family and its receptors, proliferation genes and invasion genes in lesions were compared between the two groups, and Pearson test was used to further evaluate the correlation among the expression of NTs family and its receptors with cancer cell malignancy in ovarian cancer ***:NT-3 mRNA expression in ovarian cancer group was lower than that in benign lesion group whereas NT-5, TrkA, TrkB and TrkC mRNA expression were higher than those in benign lesion group;proliferation genes FUNDC1, GRP78, PTTG and SMG-1 mRNA expression were higher than those in benign lesion group whereas shSASH1 and ESRP1 mRNA expression were lower than those in benign lesion group;invasion genes Clusterin, EFEMP1, Twist and IFITM1 mRNA expression were higher than those in benign lesion group whereas DUSP10 mRNA expression was lower than that in benign lesion group. Pearson test showed that the NT-5, TrkA, TrkB AND TrkC mRNA expression in ovarian cancer were directly correlated with cancer cell proliferation and invasion ***: The expression levels of NTs family and its receptors are abnormal in ovarian cancer and the specific expression levels are directly correlated with the proliferation and invasion activity of cancer cells.

关键词： Ovarian cancer neurotrophins family Proliferation Invasion

The gut microbiome:implications for neurogenesis and neurological diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 53-58页

作者： Cheng Liu Shang-Yu Yang Long Wang Fang Zhou Department of Healthcare Administration College of Medical and Health ScienceAsia UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Department of Anesthesiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

There is an increasing recognition of the strong links between the gut microbiome and the brain,and there is persuasive evidence that the gut microbiome plays a role in a variety of physiological processes in the central nervous *** review summarizes findings that gut microbial composition alterations are linked to hippocampal neurogenesis,as well as the possible mechanisms of action;the existing literature suggests that microbiota influence neurogenic processes,which can result in neurological *** consider this evidence from the perspectives of neuroinflammation,microbial-derived metabolites,neurotrophins,and *** on the existing research,we propose that the administration of probiotics can normalize the gut *** could therefore also represent a promising treatment strategy to counteract neurological impairment.

关键词： gut microbiota microbial-derived metabolites microbiota-gut-brain axis neurogenesis neuroinflammation neurological diseases neurotrophins probiotics

Nanotechnology-based gene therapy as a credible tool in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第10期18卷 2127-2133页

作者： Aziz Unnisa Nigel H.Greig Mohammad Amjad Kamal Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of PharmacyUniversity of HailHailSaudi Arabia Drug Design&Development Section Translational Gerontology BranchIntramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA Institutes for Systems Genetics Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular NetworkWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina King Fahd Medical Research Center King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Allied Health SciencesDaffodil International UniversityDhakaBangladesh Enzymoics Novel Global Community Educational FoundationHebershamNSWAustralia

Toxic aggregated amyloid-βaccumulation is a key pathogenic event in Alzheimer’s *** approaches have focused on the suppression,deferral,or dispersion of amyloid-βfibers and *** therapy has evolved as a potential therapeutic option for treating Alzheimer’s disease,owing to its rapid advancement over the recent *** interfering ribonucleic acid has recently garnered considerable attention in gene therapy owing to its ability to down-regulate genes with high sequence specificity and an almost limitless number of therapeutic targets,including those that were once considered ***,lackluster cellular uptake and the destabilization of small interfering ribonucleic acid in its biological environment restrict its therapeutic application,necessitating the development of a vector that can safeguard the genetic material from early destruction within the bloodstream while effectively delivering therapeutic genes across the bloodbrain *** has emerged as a possible solution,and several delivery systems utilizing nanoparticles have been shown to bypass key challenges regarding small interfering ribonucleic acid *** reducing the enzymatic breakdown of genetic components,nanomaterials as gene carriers have considerably enhanced the efficiency of gene ***,polymeric nanoparticles,magnetic nanoparticles,dendrimers,and micelles are examples of nanocarriers that have been designed,and each has its own set of ***,recent advances in the specific delivery of neurotrophic compounds via gene therapy have provided promising results in relation to augmenting cognitive *** this paper,we highlight the use of different nanocarriers in targeted gene delivery and small interfering ribonucleic acid-mediated gene silencing as a potential platform for treating Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β BACE1 gene silencing gene therapy nanoparticle neurotrophins small interfering ribonucleic acid

Neurotrophic factor-based pharmacological approaches in neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1220-1228页

作者： Margherita Alfonsetti Michele d’Angelo Vanessa Castelli Department of Life Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L’AquilaL’AquilaItaly

Aging is a physiological event dependent on multiple pathways that are linked to lifespan and processes leading to cognitive *** process represents the major risk factor for aging-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and ischemic *** incidence of all these pathologies increases exponentially with *** on aging biology has currently focused on elucidating molecular mechanisms leading to the development of those *** deficit and neurodegeneration,common features of aging-related pathologies,are related to the alteration of the activity and levels of neurotrophic factors,such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor,nerve growth factor,and glial cell-derived neurotrophic *** this reason,treatments that modulate neurotrophin levels have acquired a great deal of interest in preventing neurodegeneration and promoting neural regeneration in several neurological *** treatments include both the direct administration of neurotrophic factors and the induced expression with viral vectors,neurotrophins’binding with biomaterials or other molecules to increase their bioavailability but also cell-based *** neurotrophins’crucial role in aging pathologies,here we discuss the involvement of several neurotrophic factors in the most common brain aging-related diseases and the most recent therapeutic approaches that provide direct and sustained neurotrophic support.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain brain-derived neurotrophic factor glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor nerve growth factor neurotrophins neurturin Parkinson’s disease stroke tropomyosin receptor kinase receptors

Neurotrophic fragments as therapeutic alternatives to ameliorate brain aging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 51-56页

作者： Itzel Ortiz Flores Samuel Treviño Alfonso Díaz Department of Health Sciences School of MedicineUniversity of the Americas PueblaPueblaMexico Faculty of Chemical Sciences Benemerita Autonomous University of PueblaPueblaMexico

Aging is a global phenomenon and a complex biological process of all living beings that introduces various *** this physiological process,the brain is the most affected organ due to changes in its structural and chemical functions,such as changes in plasticity and decrease in the number,diameter,length,and branching of dendrites and dendritic ***,it presents a great reduction in volume resulting from the contraction of the gray ***,aging can affect not only cognitive functions,including learning and memory,but also the quality of life of older *** a result of the phenomena,various molecules with notable neuroprotective capacity have been proposed,which provide a therapeutic alternative for people under conditions of aging or some neurodegenerative *** is important to indicate that in recent years the use of molecules with neurotrophic activity has shown interesting results when evaluated in in vivo *** review aims to describe the neurotrophic potential of molecules such as resveratrol(3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene),neurotrophins(brain-derived neurotrophic factor),and neurotrophic-type compounds such as the terminal carboxyl domain of the heavy chain of tetanus toxin,cerebrolysin,neuropeptide-12,and *** of these molecules have been evaluated by our research *** suggest that these molecules exert an important therapeutic potential,restoring brain function in aging conditions or models of neurodegenerative ***,our interest is in describing the current scientific evidence that supports the therapeutic potential of these molecules with active neurotrophic.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain cerebral cortex cognitive function dendritic spines HC-TeTx hippocampus neurodegeneration neuronal survival neurotrophins

Towards a comprehensive understanding of p75 neurotrophin receptor functions and interactions in the brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 701-704页

作者： Joel F.Ritala Seán BLyne Antti Sajanti Romuald Girard Janne Koskimäki Division of Clinical Neurosciences Department of NeurosurgeryTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland Neurovascular Surgery Program Section of NeurosurgeryThe University of Chicago Medicine and Biological SciencesChicagoILUSA Department of Psychiatry Central Hospital of Southern OstrobothniaSeinäjokiFinland Neuroscience Center HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland

The role of neurotrophins in neuronal plasticity has recently become a strong focus in neuroregeneration research field to elucidate the biological mechanisms by which these molecules modulate synapses,modify the response to injury,and alter the adaptation ***,the prior studies highlight the role of p75 neurotrophin receptor(p75^(NTR))in various injuries and diseases such as central nervous system injuries,Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral *** comprehensive elucidation of the mechanisms,and therapies targeting these molecular signaling networks may allow for neuronal tissue regeneration following an *** to a diverse role of the p75^(NTR)in biology,the body of evidence comprising its biological role is diffusely spread out over numerous *** review condenses the main evidence of p75^(NTR)for clinical applications and presents new findings from published literature how data mining approach combined with bioinformatic analyses can be utilized to gain new hypotheses in a molecular and network level.

关键词： bioinformatics brain injury data mining neuron neurotrophins p75^(NTR) plasticity regeneration