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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2020年第S01期7卷 31-37页

作者： Zheng Huangfu Faculty of Humanities and Arts Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao

Objective:This study examined patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)as a means to explore the impacts of chronic disease on life ***:A semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with nine patients in China in 2017;participants were included based on their having or having had facial butterfly ***:The study focused on both the disease's impact on the patients'health and on their daily *** core themes emerged:visible changes in the patient's bodies,social dilemmas,"the encouragement of disease",and a new perspective on the relationship between disease and *** important finding was that the occurrence of a chronic disease did not have only negative repercussions;some patients felt that there were advantages to being *** disease resulted in a reworking of daily *** patients developed a self-referential model of ***:The distinct interpretations of the same disease offered by different patients served to yield a more complete understanding of the *** with SLE adjust their thinking about the disease based on personal feelings as well as experiences and pursue a dialogue on their illness based on the disease pattern unique to *** meaning that disease had for the patients was not limited to negative connotations.

关键词： Body Chronic disease life course Mental processes Social dilemma Systemic lupus erythematosus

The life course of a Long-Lasting Affection Medium:A Fieldwork Based on the Communication Practice of the Rural Loudspeakers in North China

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Cultural and Religious Studies 2022年第10期10卷 545-556页

作者： ZHANG Sen QIU Qian China University of Political Science and Law BeijingChina

The loudspeakers played a crucial role in rural community during the COVID-19 pandemic,and had returned to the public with the help of short video ***,with the continued popularity of digital media,is the revival of the loudspeakers which belong to traditional media just a flash in the pan?What the historic process of return has the loudspeakers undergone?Based on these questions,the paper applies Bourdieu’s sense of practice theory,focuses on“habit”throughout,adopts the research methods of online ethnography and fieldwork,and conducts participant observation and targeted in-depth interviews in a village in North China for about nine *** study found that:(1)There is the lag of habit in the state’s handling of social relations in *** on rational habit,village cadres used the loudspeakers to manifest their physical presence and restructure their authority;the villagers,operating under perceptual habit,rationalized the presence of the loudspeakers through using the key words such as elders,nostalgia,and homesickness;(2)the loudspeakers was maintained under the habit of village cadres and ordinary villagers,and the outbreak of the epidemic made the loudspeakers as an habit truly“appearing”;(3)the young village cadres,on the other hand,acquired this habit through imitation,transposed the loudspeakers into the short video platform,and carried out different forms of experimentation and innovation,thus surpassing the previous forms of loudspeakers *** return of the loudspeakers is the result of the game of different *** a long-lasting affection medium,the loudspeakers,on the one hand,has become an important media scene and memory field indispensable to rural community,and on the other hand,the people living on this land have a deep attachment to the loudspeakers,which is indirectly transformed into the bearer of *** brings new inspiration for us to rethink the relationship between the traditional media and the new

关键词： loudspeakers sense of practice long-lasting affection medium life course

A study of Crime Recidivism: life course Perspective

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A study of Crime Recidivism: life course Perspective

Prevention of malignant digestive system tumors should focus on the control of chronic inflammation

第十五届全国心理学学术会议

作者： Jianhong Ma Tayyiba Mushtaq Zhou Jia School of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Zhejiang University

Recidivism prediction is significant to the prison management and social security. This research try to study recidivism from life course perspective and applied age graded informal control theory which was construed by Sampson and Laub (1993). It is a new frame work and we went through two stages to study recidivism behavior. First stage was aimed to collect and analysis effective factors which have significant impact on recidivism behavior. Interview and expert assessment were main research methods in first stage research. In second stage we delivered questionnaires which were designed according to first stage results. 31 prisons in Henan province were visited and data were collected with questionnaires from a sample of 1666 convicts. The results show that: (1)Antisocial behavior is the most effective factor in recidivism prediction. So the criminal recidivism is highly correlated with psychopathy. (2)Informal social control -social bonds plays a significant role in the desistance of crime behavior, however the effect are varied with age. When the released age is younger than 20, the most important social bonds is family support after released;when released between 20 to 32, marriage plays most important role in the desistence of crime behavior;when released between 32 to 45, the most important social bonds is job stability. None of social bonds in our research has impact on recidivism behavior when released after 45. (3)Positive performance during sentencing has desistance effect on recidivism;however negative performance does not have significant impact on recidivism.(4) The impact of personal traits on recidivism was not observed in this search.

关键词： criminal recidivism social bonds life course

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第3期15卷 389-404页

作者： Yue-Hua Zhang Xiao-Lin Chen Yi-Ran Wang Yu-Wei Hou Yao-Dong Zhang Kai-Juan Wang College of Public Health Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001Henan ProvinceChina Henan International Joint Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases Henan Children's Hospital Zhengzhou Children’s HospitalChildren's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450018Henan ProvinceChina Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Center The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052Henan ProvinceChina Henan Children’s Hospital Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou UniversityKey Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention&TreatmentZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001Henan ProvinceChina

Chronic inflammation,through a variety of mechanisms,plays a key role in the occurrence and development of digestive system malignant tumors(DSMTs).In this study,we feature and provide a comprehensive understanding of DSMT prevention strategies based on preventing or controlling chronic *** development and evaluation of cancer prevention strategies is a longstanding *** prevention,especially in the early stage of life,should be emphasized throughout the whole life *** such as the time interval for colon cancer screening,the development of direct-acting antiviral drugs for liver cancer,and the Helicobacter pylori vaccine all need to be explored in long-term,large-scale experiments in the future.

关键词： Chronic inflammation Digestive system malignant tumors Prevention Screening life course Gastrointestinal cancer

Changes in Disease Patterns in Rural China,With an Explanatory Framework

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Social Sciences in China 2021年第3期42卷 74-95页

作者： Yu Chengpu Department of Anthropology Sun Yat-sen University

Data on the disease pattern in rural China over the past hundred years show that chronic diseases have now replaced infectious diseases as the major health problems plaguing rural *** the perspective of life-course research,taken together with medical anthropology's emphasis on bio-sociocultural integrity,we can divide chronic diseases into two:the chronic diseases of excessive depletion and the chronic diseases of excessive *** former are mainly the result of societal experiences engraved on the body;chronic diseases represented by arthritis and intervertebral disc disease arc the marks left on the human body by the"hard times"of the early *** latter is the result of the transformation of working life in which the abundance of material resources and the reduction of physical exertion occur simultaneously;the rapid arrival of the"good times"mean that bodies that have long suffered from hunger and exhaustion find it hard to *** and diabetes are the physical manifestations of this ***,chronic diseases falling into the over-intake category may appear to originate from the sweetness of current life,but they are in fact the physical reproduction of earlier *** village case study fleshes out this explanatory framework,allowing us to see the complex relationship between social institutions,livelihood patterns,cultural mindsets,bodily habits,and disease.

关键词： disease pattern life course excessive depletion excessive intake bio-sociocultural mismatch

The better future projections the more childbirth:the association between subjective social status and fertility desire of the Chinese population

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China Population and Development Studies 2023年第4期7卷 438-456页

作者： Peisen Yang Chao Guo Institute of Population Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China APEC Health Science Academy Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Previous research has detailed how social status affects the willingness to have ***,subjective social status(SSS)derived from a comparison with a reference group also has an important impact on fertility *** study explores the relationship between the past,present,and future SSS and fertility desire,using data from the Chinese General Social Survey,a nationally representative population survey conducted in 2017(N=4,864).The study found that the individual’s fertility desire is positively enhanced by the current SSS,the expected SSS in the future,and the upward trend of SSS throughout the course of *** with the group with a low level of SSS and with little change in SSS,the fertility desire of the group with"Rising first and then stable"SSS and"Rising"SSS significantly *** results suggest that the expectation of positive changes in social status will stimulate fertility desires and produce long-term family *** the rapid development of China’s social economy and the positive response to the low fertility rate,social policies should be adopted to open up channels for the protection and improvement of the social status of citizens and to achieve an increase of fertility desire.

关键词： Subjective social status Fertility desire life course The reference group

Development trends of etiological research contents and methods of noncommunicable diseases

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Health Care Science

Health Care Science 2023年第5期2卷 352-357页

作者： Dafang Chen Yujia Ma Han Xiao Zeyu Yan Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(Peking University) Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijingChina

1|BACKGROUND Noncommunicable diseases(NCDs)are a significant public concern,greatly impacting the economic and social development in *** 2019,NCDs accounted for a staggering 88.5%of total deaths in China,with cardiovas-cular diseases,cancer,chronic respiratory diseases,and diabetes—the four major chronic diseases—contributing to a premature mortality rate of 16.5%[1].The complexity of NCDs arises from the involvement of multiple genetic and environmental factors that interact in intricate *** complexity is characterized by a multitude of interactions among genes,proteins,and metabolic path-ways throughout the various stages of life.

关键词： noncommunicable diseases multimorbidity etiology systems perspective network life course

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创业研究：现状、局限及超越

管理科学 2014年第12期 111-116,封三页

作者：才凤伟

创业是经济革新的手段之一，也是经济发展的强大动力。创业可以激活社会潜能，提供就业岗位，最大程度调动劳动者的积极性和创造性，对加快工业化和城镇化步伐，提升企业竞争力具有重要意义。从职业角度来看，创业是一种重要的职业选择... 详细信息

创业是经济革新的手段之一，也是经济发展的强大动力。创业可以激活社会潜能，提供就业岗位，最大程度调动劳动者的积极性和创造性，对加快工业化和城镇化步伐，提升企业竞争力具有重要意义。从职业角度来看，创业是一种重要的职业选择，意味着个体的工作意向逐渐向自我依赖和自我导向转变。从创业者角度来说，创业行为本质上是创业者异质型人力资本产权的实现。如果从企业管理层面界定创业，创业是企业管理过程中高风险的创新活动。创业表现为一个主动的目标实现过程，企业家的创业行为不是随机的过程，而是企业家理性决策的结果。从创业行为过程角度分析，主要表现为理性的应付环境的不确定性与选择创业资源获取方式。无论何种概念下的创业，人们对创业的重要性已经形成共识，创业问题受到了社会各界的广泛关注，有关创业的研究成果也相继出现。创业研究是针对创业实践开展的理论性、系统性的研究活动。我们将从国外和国内两个方面总结创业研究的现状，分析其局限，并提出超越的设想。一、国外创业研究现状国外对创业的研究主要集中于经济学和管理学领域，环境与创业的关系是国外学者首要关注的问题。在环境的作用问题上，存在着两种不同的理论倾向，一种称之为环境决定论，即环境是外在的约束条件，组织必须努力采取各种战略去适应环境；另一种被称之为战略选择论，认为环境是被感知的客体，组织中的权力决定了战略行动选择的过程，它不但包括组织结构的建立，还包括对环境特征的操控和对相关表现标准的选择。Kostova提出了一种三维度的“国家制度框架”(country institutional profile)来阐释创业的制度环境，其中包括政府的政策、广泛共享的社会知识和影响一个国家商业行为的价值系统。规范的制度反映社会对创业者和创业活动的尊敬程度，与文化、社会规范有关；认知的制度与人们的知识、技能和信息获取有关；而规制的制度则包括法律、规定和政府政策等促进和限制行为的方面。Lim等人的研究表明，包括法律、金融等在内的制度环境会影响创业者的创业安排和创业意愿认知，反过来创业安排和创业意愿认知会对他们的创业决策产生重大影响。社区环境对创业的影响也常被提及，有学者研究了创业中的生存创业现象，生存创业企业家将重点放在社区层面的交换系统，通过和社区穷困人群微观层次的相互作用，形成了所谓的“非正规经济”。在创业过程上，国外创业过程的研究范式经历了从原子研究范式到哈佛研究范式，再到现在嵌入性研究范式的变迁，三者的核心区别在于是否具备人格化特征，社会资本的重要性在嵌入性研究范式中被突显。其中，中国关系网络对创业的重要性引起了部分学者的关注。在经济转型的背景下，中国的经济被认为是一种网络资本主义(network capitalism)，其发展通过隐含的和不固定的动态关系网络来实现。网络为生产和传递新的信息提供了巨大能力(因为信息的规范化程度低，不适于市场传递)，当他们被基于信任的关系所维持，他们就可以抵御和不确定相伴随的失败的可能。以网络为基础的社会关系是一种重要的机制：它可以传播信息，掌控不确定性，可以通过信任和替代的强制机制(如声望、规范等)减少设计复杂合同而带来的交易成本。转型经济的不确定特征加强了社会关系网络的生产。在经济行动者嵌入到社会关系中的地方，即使控制了合同特有的因素，合同关系仍会随着行动者所处的社会关系网络的变化而系统变化。

关键词： entrepreneurship entrepreneurship research life course institutional environment social network

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新生代农民工逆城市化流动：转变的发生

与时偕行：中国中年女性生命历程中的旅游行为变迁

劳动经济与劳动关系 2014年第6期 9-19页

作者：张世勇

以若干返乡新生代农民工打工生活史深度访谈资料为基础，运用扎根理论的研究方法，借助生命历程理论中转变、轨迹和持续等概念和原理分析新生代农民工流动意愿的转变。研究表明，新生代农民工的流动意愿抉择是与其家庭角色调适相伴随的... 详细信息

以若干返乡新生代农民工打工生活史深度访谈资料为基础，运用扎根理论的研究方法，借助生命历程理论中转变、轨迹和持续等概念和原理分析新生代农民工流动意愿的转变。研究表明，新生代农民工的流动意愿抉择是与其家庭角色调适相伴随的决策过程，家庭角色在很大程度上锁定了他们最终的生活期望和社会归属。应该正视新生代农民工逆城市化流动现象，在政策调整上做出有针对性的回应。

关键词：新生代农民工逆城市化流动转变生命历程 new generation migrant workers counter urbanization migration transition life course

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