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Association of Different human rhinovirus Species with Asthma in Children： A Preliminary Study

Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第13期129卷 1513-1518页

作者： Min Zhao Wen-Jing Zhu Yuan Qian Yu Sun Ru-Nan Zhu Jie Deng Fang Wang Ya-Xin Ding Run Tian Chuan-He Liu Ling-Hui Meng Lin-Qing Zhao Laboratory of Virology Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020 China Division of Respiratory Diseases Affiliated Children's Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020 China Statistical Office Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020 China

Background： human rhinoviruses （HRVs） are divided into three genetic species： HRV-A, HRV-B, and HRV-C. The association of different HRV species with asthma in children in China has not yet been evaluated. This preliminary study aimed to assess the associations between different HRV species, particularly HRV-C, and asthma in young children in China. Methods： A total of 702 nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from 155 children with asthma （asthma group）, 461 children with acute respiratory infection （ARI） without asthma （nonasthma ARI group）, and 86 children from the control group. Semi-nested polymerase chain reaction （PCR） was used to detect HRVs, and PCR products were sequenced for species identification. Epidemiological characteristics of HRV-positive cases were analyzed. Results： HRVs were the most common pathogen （ 15.4%; 108/702） in the patients in this study. The prevalence of HRV was significantly different （F = 20.633, P = 0.000） between tile asthma （25.8%） and nonasthma ARI groups （11.1%）. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that in the 108 cases positive for HRVs, 41 were identified as HRV-A, 8 as HRV-B, and 56 as HRV-C, Comparing the asthma with the nonasthlna ARI group, Spearman＇s rank correlation analysis revealed an association between HRV-A （P 〈 0.05） and C （P 〈 0.01） and asthma, confirmed by regression analysis, with odds ratios of 2.2 （HRV-A） and 4.2 （HRV-C）. Conclusions： Our data revealed a high prevalence of HRVs in children in China, regardless of clinical status. HRV-C was the dominant species and may be one of the key factors in the association of HRVs with asthma.

关键词： Asthma Children China human rhinovirus

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Effect of human rhinovirus infection in pediatric patients with influenza-like illness on the 2009 pandemic influenza A（H1N1） virus

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第9期127卷 1656-1660页

作者： Sun Yu Zhu Ru'nan Zhao Linqing Deng Jie Wang Fang Ding Yaxin Yuan Yi Qu Dong Qian Yuan Laboratory of Virology Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020 China Affiliated Children's Hospital to Capital Institute of Pediatrics Beijing 100020 China

Background Some research groups have hypothesized that human rhinoviruses （HRVs） delayed the circulation of the 2009 pandemic influenza A（H1N1） virus （A（H1N1）pdm09） at the beginning of Autumn 2009 in *** study aimed to evaluate the relationship between HRV and A（H1N1）pdm09 in pediatric patients with influenza-like illness in Beijing,*** A systematic analysis to detect A（H1N1）pdm09 and seasonal influenza A virus （FLU A） was performed on 4 349 clinical samples from pediatric patients with influenza-like illness during the period June 1,2009 to February 28,2010,while a one-step real-time RT-PCR （rRT-PCR） assay was used to detect HRV in 1 146 clinical specimens selected from those 4 349 *** During the survey period,only one wave of A（H1N1）pdm09 was *** percentage of positive cases for A（H1N1）pdm09 increased sharply in September with a peak in November 2009 and then declined in February *** on the monthly distribution of HRVs indicated that more HRV-positive samples were detected in September （2.2％） and October （3.3％）,revealing that the peak of HRV infection in 2009 was similar to that of other *** the 1 146 specimens examined for HRVs,21 （1.8％） were HRV-positive,which was significantly lower than that reported previously in Beijing （15.4％ to 19.2％）（P ＜0.01）.Overall,6 samples were positive for both A（H1N1）pdm09 and HRV,which represented a positive relative frequency of 1.60％ and 2.08％ HRV,considering the A（H1N1）pdm09-positive and-negative specimens,*** odds ratio was 0.87 （95％ CI 0.32; 2.44,P=0.80）.Conclusions HRVs and A （H1N1）pdm09 co-circulated in this Chinese population during September and October 2009,and the HRV epidemic in 2009 did not affect A（H1N1）pdm09 infection rates in Beijing,China as suggested by other ***,the presence of A（H1N1）pdm09 might explain the unexpected reduction in the percentage of HRV positive cases during the period studied.

关键词： real-time PCR assay human rhinovirus A(H1N1)pdm09, pediatric patients influenza-like illness

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The role of human rhinovirus in immunology, COPD, and corresponding treatments

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第4期8卷 377-386页

作者： William J. ROBERTS Georgianna G. SERGAKIS Li ZUO Department of Biological Sciences Oakland University Rochester MI 48309 USAA Respiratory Therapy Division School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute The Ohio State University College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH 43210 USA

The common cold is most often a result of human rhinovirus （HRV） infection. Common cold symptoms including rhinorrhea and nasal obstruction frequently occur during HRV infection of the upper respiratory tract. Conversely, HRV may also infect the epithelial cells of the lower respiratory tract. Symptom severity associated with HRV infection ranges from mild to potentially serious depending on a person＇s susceptibility and preexisting condition, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. An over active host immune response is believed to be the primary contributor to HRV pathogenesis. Enhanced activity of various host cell cytokines and granulocytes mediate specific cellular pathways inducing many of the symptoms associated with HRV infection. There are over 100 serotypes of HRV which can be further categorized based on the specific characteristics of each type. The two main categories of HRV consist of the major and minor groups. The unique host cell receptor is the distinguishing factor between these two groups. Yet, these viruses may also differ in mechanism of infection and replication. Due to the high frequency of hospital and clinical visits and the corresponding economic burden, novel therapies are of interest. Several different treatment options varying from herbal remedies to anti-viral drugs have been studied. However, the vast number of HRV serotypes complicates the progress of developing a universal treatment for attenuating HRV infection.

关键词： human rhinovirus common cold immunology COPD

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Surges of hospital-based rhinovirus infection during the 2020 coronavirus disease-19(COVID-19)pandemic in Beijing,China

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第6期17卷 590-596页

作者： Ruo-Xi Zhang Dong-Mei Chen Yuan Qian Yu Sun Ru-Nan Zhu Fang Wang Ya-Xin Ding Qi Guo Yu-Tong Zhou Dong Qu Ling Cao Chun-Mei Zhu Lin-Qing Zhao Laboratory of Virology Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in ChildrenCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijing 100020China Intensive Care Unit Affiliated Children's HospitalCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijing 100020China Department of Respiratory Affiliated Children's HospitalCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijing 100020China

Background A series of public health preventive measures has been widely implemented in Beijing to control the corona-virus disease-19(COVID-19)pandemic since January *** evaluation of the effects of these preventive measures on the spread of other respiratory viruses is *** Respiratory specimens collected from children with acute respiratory infections were tested by NxTAGTN,respiratory pathogen panel assays during January 2017 and December *** characterized as rhinoviruses(RVs)were sequenced to identify the RV species and ***,the epidemiology results of respiratory pathogens in 2020 were compared with those from 2017 to 2019 using SPSS statistics *** The positive rates of adenovirus(ADV),influenza virus(flu),RVs,and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)dropped abruptly by 86.31%,94.679c,94.59%,and 92.17%,respectively,from February to May 2020,compared with the average level in the same period during *** rates of RVs then steeply increased from June 2020(13.77%),to an apex(37.25%)in August 2020,significantly higher than the average rates(22.51%)in August 2017-2019(7^=0.005).The increase,especially in group>3 years,was accompanied by the reopening of schools and kindergartens after the 23rd and 24th week of 2020 in *** Whereas the abrupt drop in viral pathogen positive rates from February to May 2020 revealed the remarkable effects of the COVID-19 preventive measures,the sharp increase in positive rates of RVs from the 23rd week of 2020 might be explained by the reopening of schools and kindergartens in Beijing.

关键词： Children Coronavirus disease-19(COVID-19) human rhinovirus Preventive measures Respiratory viruses

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Innate and adaptive immune responses against picornaviruses and their counteractions: An overview

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World Journal of Virology 2012年第3期1卷 91-107页

作者： Andreas Dotzauer Leena Kraemer Department of Virology University of Bremen 28359 Bremen Germany

Picornaviruses, small positive-stranded RNA viruses, cause a wide range of diseases which is based on their differential tissue and cell type tropisms. This diversity is reflected by the immune responses, both innate and adaptive, induced after infection, and the subsequent interactions of the viruses with the immune system. The defense mechanisms of the host and the countermeasures of the virus significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of the infections. Important human pathogens are poliovirus, coxsackievirus, human rhinovirus and hepatitis A virus. These viruses are the beststudied members of the family, and in this review we want to present the major aspects of the reciprocal effects between the immune system and these viruses.

关键词： Picornaviruses and infection Poliovirus Coxsackievirus human rhinovirus Hepatitis A virus Adaptive immune system Innate immune system Antibody response and inflammation Apoptosis Interferon and cytokines

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Efficacy and mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine prevention and treatment for respiratory viruses

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Infectious Diseases Research 2023年第3期4卷 16-27页

作者： Fan-Fan Yang Jun Ren Bin Xu Jian Xu School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China School of humanities and Management Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Department of General Surgery Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016China

Respiratory virus infection was the most common viral infection in clinical practice with the greatest impact,including the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),posing a huge threat to the world's public health and human life *** used antiviral drugs have obvious side effects and a narrow scope of *** viruses are susceptible to infection,mutation,and prevalence,which also pose challenges to traditional antiviral drugs and vaccine *** Chinese Medicine(TCM)has a long history of treating infectious diseases,with many herbs and *** multi-component,multi-target and multi-path characteristics have made it have great advantages and potential in the development of new anti-respiratory virus *** review summarized TCM for the prevention and treatment of common respiratory viruses,and provided new strategies for the research and development of new TCM antiviral drugs and for responding to infectious respiratory virus diseases.

关键词： respiratory virus Traditional Chinese Medicine influenza viruses respiratory syncytial virus human rhinovirus novel coronavirus

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