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hepatitis b vaccination in Medical and Dental Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 122-130页

作者： Md. Usama Nasr Md. Kamran Saleem Abdullah Saeed CMH Lahore Medical College & Institute of Dentistry Lahore Pakistan

background: Medical and dental students are at risk of hepatitis b Virus (HbV) infection. The study aimed to assess the vaccination status against hepatitis b Virus of students in clinical and non-clinical years of a private medical and dental college, and their knowledge, attitude, and awareness about the subject. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a pretested, self-administered questionnaire among 203 medical and dental students of CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry (CMH LMC & IOD) in Lahore, Pakistan. Participants were evaluated for their knowledge and vaccination status against hepatitis b Virus. Students were considered to be fully vaccinated (recipients of 3 doses), partially vaccinated (recipients of 1 or 2 doses), and unvaccinated. Comparisons were made between students of clinical and non-clinical years. Data was entered and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Results: Only 66% (n = 134) of the 203 participants had ever received a hepatitis b Virus vaccine out of which a meagre 17.2% (n = 35) were fully vaccinated. No significant difference was found in vaccine uptake between students of clinical and non-clinical years (p-value = 0.181) despite significant differences seen in the knowledge of vaccination schedule (p-value = 0.001), the prevalence of needle-stick injuries (p-value = 0.001), and knowledge of protocols to be followed after a needle-stick injury (p-value = 0.001). Conclusion: Our study found that a large proportion of the student population is vulnerable to HbV infection. There is a need to create awareness regarding the subject to increase vaccine uptake. HbV vaccination should be offered to all currently enrolled students and be made mandatory at the time of admission in the future.

关键词： hepatitis b Vaccine Medical Students Dental Students hepatitis b vaccination Needle-Stick Injuries

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MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AFTER hepatitis b vaccination IN A 16-YEAR-OLD PATIENT

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第1期119卷 77-79页

作者： DANIELLA TERNEY SáNDOR bENICZKY PéTER bARSI ISTVáN KONDáKOR JóZSEF PERéNYI béLA FALUDI MAGDOLNA SZAPPER LáSZLó VéCSEI DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY ALBERT SZENT-GYRGYI MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL CENTRE UNIVERSITY OF SZEGED P.O. BOX 427 H-6701 SZEGED HUNGARY DEPARTMENT OF RADIOLOGY OPNI HüVSVLGYI úT 116 H-1021 BUDAPEST HUNGARY DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY UNIVERSITY OF PéCS RéT U. 2 H-7623 PéCS HUNGARY DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY OPNI HüVSVLGYI úT 116 H-1021 BUDAPEST HUNGARY NEUROLOGY RESEARCH GROUP OF THE HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES AND UNIVERSITY OF SZEGED SEMMELWEIS U. 6 H-6725 SZEGED HUNGARY

Since the first description of multiple sclerosis （MS）, it has been known that relapse of the disease may be triggered by febrile infections. Although the prevention of febrile illness is therefore clearly advantageous for those with MS there is considerable controversy as to whether vaccine should be administered to such individuals. A further subject of debate is the possibility that vaccination （against influenza,

关键词： hepatitis b vaccination encephalomyelitis multiple sclerosis

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Perception of Medical Students towards hepatitis b Virus Infection and hepatitis b vaccination in a Private Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government, Plateau State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 39-48页

作者： Prosper Ifeanacho Okonkwo Kingsley Chinedu Okafor Saratu Lamido Toluwani bamisaiye Eunice Lagasi Department of Community Medicine & PHC Bingham University Karu Nigeria

background: Prevention is one of the safe schemes against the high prevalence of viral hepatitis. Negative perceptions or perceptions about the risks of hepatitis b among medical students and health care workers may influence the behavioral pattern and adoption of preventive measures against the virus and can affect the uptake of the hepatitis b vaccine. This study assesses the perception of medical students towards hepatitis b virus infection and hepatitis b vaccination in a Private Tertiary Hospital in Jos North Local Government, Plateau State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study done in August 2021 among 236 clinical medical students using a multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analysed using the IbM SPSS 28 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Ethical approval was granted by bingham University Teaching Hospital, Ethics Committee, Jos, Plateau State. Results: Two-thirds of respondents were of the opinion that they are at risk of contracting HbV. Half were of the opinion that the risk is very much while a third believed the risk is moderate. Among those who think they are not at risk of contracting HbV, the majority felt so because they are vaccinated while 10.3% believe that they are safe. 43.2% of respondents think that HbV Vaccine is very effective in preventing HbV infection while 39.8% think it is slightly effective, and 7.6% think it is not effective. Almost all respondents, 99.2% are of the opinion that HbV vaccination is important for students while 0.8% think it is not important. The majority of the respondents at 95.8% were willing to be screened for HbV. The majority (85.6%) of respondents are willing to pay for HbV Vaccine as against 14.4% of respondents who are not willing to pay. Conclusion: Summarily, 21 (8.9%) of the students had a negative perception of hepatitis b vaccination, and 215 (91.1%) had a positive perception of hepatitis b Va

关键词： Perception hepatitis b Virus Infection hepatitis b vaccination Medical Students

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Impact of hepatitis b vaccination among children in Guangdong Province,China

Impact of hepatitis B vaccination among children in Guangdon...

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作者：肖建鹏 Jikai Zhang Chenggang Wu Xiaoping Shao Guowen Peng Zhiqiang Peng Wenjun Ma Yonghui Zhang Huizhen Zheng Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Objective:To evaluate the impact of the universal infant hepatitis b vaccination program on hepatitis b virus(HbV) infection in Guangdong ***:In 2006,a serosurvey was conducted in Guangdong Province among children aged hepatitis b *** participants were selected by stratified,multi-stage random *** characteristics and hepatitis b vaccination history were collected by a questionnaire and a review of the vaccination records,and serum specimens were tested for hepatitis b surface antigen(HbsAg),antibody to hepatitis b core antigen(anti-Hbc),and antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen(anti-Hbs) by EL1 *** prevalence rate of HbV serological markers and the rate of immunization coverage in this survey were compared with those of the 1992 and2002 ***:A total of 1967 children aged bsAg decreased from 19.86%in the 1992 survey to 4.91%in the 2006 *** rates of three-dose and timely birth dose coverage of hepatitis b vaccine were 92.40%and 70.84%,respectively,among children born during the period *** prevalence of HbsAg was significantly lower among fully immunized children(1.99%) than among unvaccinated children(5.56%).Condusions:Guangdong Province has successfully integrated the hepatitis b vaccine into routine immunization programs and this has had a very significant impact on decreasing the HbsAg carrier rate among children.

关键词： Prevalence hepatitis b vaccination vaccination coverage

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Seroprevalence of anti-Hbs antibodies and the need for booster vaccination in children under 5 years of age born to HbsAg-negative mothers

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第9期14卷 410-416页

作者： Jannatin Nisa Arnindita Muhammad Miftahussurur bagus Setyoboedi Juniastuti Medical School Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaIndonesia Department of Internal Medicine Dr.Soetomo General Hospital/Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaIndonesia Department of Pediatrics Dr.Soetomo General Hospital/Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaIndonesia Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaIndonesia

Objective:To determine the proportion of HbV surface antigen(anti-Hbs)antibody positive children under five years of age born to Hbs Ag-negative mothers and to analyze the possible related factors following implementation of a hepatitis b vaccination program for infants in Indonesia 22 years ***:blood samples were taken from children under five years of age born to HbsAg-negative mothers who have completed primary vaccination ***-Hbs antibodies were determined by using rapid *** of age,gender,nutritional status,vaccination timing or vaccination compliance,and booster vaccination were collected from vaccination ***:Ninety children were enrolled,consisting of 47 females and 43 males with a mean age of 2.3 *** two(24.4%)children received booster vaccine between 18 and 24 months and 55(61.1%)were anti-Hbs *** factors of age,gender,nutritional status,compliance to vaccination and booster vaccine,only administration of booster vaccine was significantly associated with anti-Hbs status(OR 5.45,95%CI 1.45,20.52).Children who received booster vaccine at age of 18-24 months were 5.45 times more likely to be anti-Hbs positive than that of children who did not receive booster ***:booster vaccine rate is low among children under 5 years of age but is associated with anti-Hbs *** vaccination may be required to improve anti-Hbs seropositivity.

关键词： hepatitis b vaccination booster vaccine Children under five years

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Clinical management of hepatitis b virus infection correlated with liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2010年第1期9卷 15-21页

作者： Zhang, Jian Zhou, Lin Zheng, Shu-Sen Zhejiang Univ Sch Med Affiliated Hosp 1Key Lab Organ Transplantat Key Lab Combined Multiorgan TransplantatMinist P Hangzhou 310003 Zhejiang Peoples R China

bACKGROUND: As a radical cure for post-hepatitis b virus (HbV)-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, liver transplantation has been applied in many medical centers. before the use of effective measures, hepatitis b recurrence and the existence of HbsAg(+) donors, patients with hepatitis b-related diseases are contraindicated for liver transplantation. Application of interferon, hepatitis b immunoglobulin (HbIG), and nucleotide analogues (e.g., lamivudine) has made great progress in the clinical care of HbV. However, there are still many shortcomings such as low viral suppression rate, rising expense, and the induction of HbV tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) mutation. This article systematically reviews the current evidence that immunotherapy, conventional drug combinations, and some special fields of HbV infection correlate with liver transplantation. DATA SOURCES: Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE and PubMed for articles using the keywords 'hepatitis b virus', 'hepatitis b vaccination', 'lamivudine', 'adefovir', 'entecavir', 'tenofovir', 'HbV genotype', and 'liver transplantation' up to October 2009. Additional papers were identified by a manual search of the references from the key articles. RESULTS: hepatitis b vaccine and human monoclonal antibody have very good clinical prospects. Compared with traditional therapies, the new medical regimens have many benefits such as boosting viral suppression rate and decreasing medical expenses. The triple therapy for YMDD mutation also has an excellent therapeutic effect and a low barrier to resistance. New nucleos(t)ide analogues (entecavir and tenofovir) eliminate virus more effectively with few adverse reactions, and may replace lamivudine or HbIG in future. CONCLUSIONS: hepatitis b vaccine needs further large-scale and rigorous randomized controlled trials to confirm its effective dose and injection frequency. Monoclonal antibody is still experimental, and the next step is to car

关键词： hepatitis b vaccination hepatitis b immunoglobulin lamivudine liver transplantation adefovir hepatitis b virus genotype

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Progress on global hepatitis elimination targets

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第47期27卷 8199-8200页

作者： Yasir Waheed Multidisciplinary Laboratory Foundation University Medical CollegeFoundation University IslamabadIslamabad 44000Pakistan

In 2016,the World Health Assembly adopted a Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis,with targets set for the years 2020 and 2030 to achieve hepatitis *** main target of hepatitis elimination strategy is to reduce the incidence of hepatitis b virus(HbV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)by 90%and mortality by 65%in *** last 5 years,the number of people receiving HCV treatment has increased from 1 million to 9.4 million;however,this number is far from the 2030 target of 40 million people receiving HCV *** and HCV incidence rates are down from 1.4 million to 1.1 million annual deaths but this is far from the 2030 target ofhepatitis to achieve hepatitis elimination by 2030.

关键词： hepatitis elimination blood donations Safe injections hepatitis b vaccination Harm reduction

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国家体育集训队乙型肝炎病毒感染的调查及应用乙型肝炎疫苗预防效果的观察

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中国运动医学杂志 1988年第2期 76-79+129页

作者：冯百芳北京医科大学肝病研究所国家体委体育科学研究所运动医学研究室国家体委训练局医务处

本文报告国家集训队504名运动员中乙型肝炎病毒感染的检测结果,并使用北京医科大学肝病研究所研制的乙型肝炎疫苗,在4年中抗—Hb保持滴度水平。在此人群中未再发现新的HbAg阳性携带者或乙型肝炎患者,已控制HbV的传播,保证了系统训练。

关键词： hepatitis b vaccination HbsAg HbV

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Advances in treatment and prevention of hepatitis b

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2021年第4期12卷 56-78页

作者： Niraj James Shah Mark M Aloysius Neil Rohit Sharma Kumar Pallav Department of Internal Medicine Digestive DiseaseUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Internal Medicine The Wright Center for Graduate Medical EducationScrantonPA 18505United States Department of Internal Medicine Interventional Oncology and Surgical EndoscopyParkview Regional Medical CenterParkview Cancer InstituteFort WayneIN 46845United States

Chronic hepatitis b(CHb)continues to contribute to worldwide morbidity and mortality ***,clinicians,pharmaceutical companies,and health organizations have dedicated substantial Intellectual and monetary resources to finding a cure,increasing immunization rates,and reducing the global burden of *** and international health-related organizations including the center for disease control,the national institute of health,the American Association for the study of liver disease(AASLD),The European association for the study of the Liver(EASL),The Asia Pacific association for the study of the Liver(APASL)and the world health organization release periodic recommendations for disease prevention and *** review of the most recent guidelines by EASL,AASLD,APASL,and Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver revealed that an overwhelming majority of cited studies were published before *** reviewed hepatitis b-related literature published 2018 onwards to identify recent developments and current barriers that will likely direct future efforts towards eradicating hepatitis *** breakthrough in our understanding of the hepatitis b virus life cycle and resulting drug development is encouraging with significant room for further *** from high-risk populations,most vulnerable to the devastating effects of hepatitis b infection and reactivation remain *** of systems approach,optimization of experimental models,identification and validation of next-generation biomarkers,and precise modulation of the human immune response will be critical for future *** the foreseeable future,new treatments will likely complement conventional therapies rather than replace *** Importantly,pragmatic management of CHb related population health challenges must be prioritized to produce real-world results.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis b hepatitis b virus hepatitis b prevention hepatitis b treatment hepatitis b vaccination hepatitis b reactivation

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正常人与乙型肝炎病毒慢性携带者中乙型肝炎疫苗的血清学效果的观察

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延边大学医学学报 1986年第1期 29-31页

作者：徐龙国朴花顺崔贞玉延边医学院附属医院预防保健科

给61例正常人和33例HbV慢性携带者接种乙肝疫苗,后半年内检测了一些血清学指标。正常人接种疫苗后1,3,6个月时抗—Hbs阳性率分别为27.8％,85.2％和90.1％。HbV携带者接种疫苗后6个月HbsAg滴度上升者8例,下降者4例,仅有1例抗—Hbs阳性,12... 详细信息

给61例正常人和33例HbV慢性携带者接种乙肝疫苗,后半年内检测了一些血清学指标。正常人接种疫苗后1,3,6个月时抗—Hbs阳性率分别为27.8％,85.2％和90.1％。HbV携带者接种疫苗后6个月HbsAg滴度上升者8例,下降者4例,仅有1例抗—Hbs阳性,12例HbeAg阳性者中仅有1例抗—Hbe阳性。所有病例接种疫苗后无明显不良反应。结果说明本疫苗抗原性良好,但对HbsAg携带者无效。

关键词： hepatitis b vaccination carrier state hepatitis b antibodies hepatitis b surface antigen

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