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Unraveling colorectal cancer prevention:The vitamin D-gut flora-immune system nexus

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2394-2403页

作者： Zhi-Song Zhan Zu-Shun Zheng Jing Shi Juan Chen Si-Yi Wu Shi-Yan Zhang Department of Dentistry Fuding HospitalFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuding 355200Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Physical Examination Fuding HospitalFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuding 355200Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Fuding HospitalFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuding 355200Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Laboratory Fuding HospitalFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuding 355200Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Surgery Fuding HospitalFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuding 355200Fujian ProvinceChina

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in the *** environmental and genetic factors play a major role in the pathogenesis of CRC,extensive research has suggested that vitamin D may play a pivotal role in the development of *** D,primarily obtained through sunlight exposure,dietary sources,and supplements,has long been recognized for its essential functions in maintaining health,including immune *** article delves into the intricate relationship between vitamin D,the immune system,gut flora,and the prevention of *** presents a synthesis of epidemiological data,experimental studies,and clinical trials,highlighting the mechanisms by which vitamin D influences immune cell function,cytokine production,and *** enhancing the immune system’s surveillance and antitumor activity,vitamin D may offer a promising avenue for CRC ***,this comprehensive review delves into the prospective clinical applications of vitamin D supplementation and delineates the forthcoming avenues of research in this dynamic ***,the paper tentatively outlines a spectrum of prophylactic impacts of vitamin D on CRC,emphasizing its significant potential in reducing CRC risk through shedding light on its mechanisms,encompassing antineoplastic mechanisms,influences on the immune system,and modulation of the gut microbiome.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Vitamin D Immune system gut flora Immunomodulation Microbial dysbiosis Cancer prevention

Structural Shifts of gut flora in Rat Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury and Jianpi Huoxue Decoction's(健脾活血汤)Effect Displayed by ERIC-PCR Fingerprint

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第5期17卷 361-368页

作者：成扬汪海慧胡义扬陈高峰平键彭景华冯琴 Institute of Liver Diseases Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine E-Institutes of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases Ministry of Education

Objective： To study the structural shifts of gut flora in rats with acute alcoholic liver injury （AALI）, and the effect of Jianpi Huoxue Decoction （健脾活血汤, JPHXD） on the gut flora. Methods： Thirty-six Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly allocated to the control, AALI and JPHXD groups equally. The rats in the control group were given water and those in AALI and JPHXD groups were given ethanol by intragastric gavage for 5 days, while rats in the JPHXD group were administered JPHXD simultaneously. The blood and liver tissue were collected at the end of the experiment. The activities of serum alkaline aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, hepatic γ/-glutamyitranspetidase （γ-GT） and hepatic tdglyceride （TG） levels were determined. Plasma endotoxin level in the portal vein was measured. Pathological changes of liver tissues were determined by hematoxylin and Eosin （HE） staining and oil red O staining. The total DNA of gut flora were extracted from fecal samples by Bead-beating method and determined by ERIC-PCR fingerprint method. The similarity cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed to analyze the ERIC-PCR fingerprint respectively. Results： In the AALI group, the ratio of liver/body weight, activities of ALT, AST and hepatic γ-GT, amount of hepatic TG were elevated significantly compared with those in the control group （all P〈0.01）. JPHXD decreased the ratio, activities of ALT, AST, γ-GT and TG significantly compared with those in the AALI group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. HE and oil red O staining showed that fat deposited markedly in liver tissue, while JPHXD alleviated pathological changes markedly. Plasma LPS level in rat portal vein in the AALI group increased significantly （P〈0.01）, but it was decreased significantly in the JPHXD group （P〈0.01）. The cluster analysis and principal component analysis of ERIC-PCR fingerprint showed that gut flora in the hALl group changed markedly, and JPHXD could recover gut flora to some extent. Co

关键词： acute alcoholic liver injury gut flora Jianpi Huoxue Decoction ERIC-PCR fingerprint cluster analysis principal component analysis

Effect of dietary supplement of inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum Ep-M 17 on growth performance,immune response,disease resistance,and intestinal microbiota in Penaeus vannamei

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第2期42卷 676-694页

作者： Ting WU Xiaoman HU Wenlong XU Yang DU Jiong CHEN State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Marine SciencesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

Our previous study found that feeding with Lactobacillus plantarum Ep-M17 could effectively affect the growth performance,immune response,and gut microbiota of Penaeus ***,high temperature and pressure during feed pelletizing is the main problem that can lead to a decrease in the activity of probiotics or cause their *** investigation needs to investigate whether inactivated Ep-M17 can exert similar effects as live ***,we evaluated the effects of inactivated *** Ep-M17 on growth performance,immune response,disease resistance,and gut microbiota in *** show that adding inactivated Ep-M17 to the feed also promoted body weight gain and increased relative immune protection in ***,histological examination revealed that the administration of inactivated Ep-M17 led to improvements in the density and distribution of microvilli in the intestines and enhancements in the abundance of B and R cells in the ***,the inactivated Ep-M17 supplementation resulted in increased activity levels of nutrient immune-related enzymes in both the shrimp hepatopancreas and ***,it stimulated the expression of Lvlec,PEN-3a,Crustin,LGBP,Lysozyme,and proPo genes in both the hepatopancreas and ***,the inactivated Ep-M17 also increased bacterial diversity in the gut of shrimp and promoted the abundance of specific flora,facilitating the host organism’s metabolism and immunity to improve the disease resistance of ***,supplementation of inactivated *** Ep-M17 in shrimp diets can exert similar effects as live *** Ep-M17 effectively improving growth performance,gut microbiota,immune response,and disease resistance in ***.

关键词： Penaeus vannamei Lactobacillus plantarum Ep-M17 inactivated probiotics immune response gut flora

Anemarsaponin B mitigates acute pancreatitis damage in mice through apoptosis reduction and MAPK pathway modulation

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BIOCELL 2024年第5期48卷 745-758页

作者： YI HU ZHONGYANG REN ZHENGZHONG ZHAO YONGJIA HUANG WANTING HUANG JIE LIU LING DING Gastroenterology Department Chongqing University Jiangjin HospitalJiangjin Central Hosptial of ChongqingChongqingChina Surgical Department Chongqing Jiangjin District Hospital of Chinese MedicineChongqingChina Pharmacy Department Chongqing University Jiangjin HospitalJiangjin Central Hosptial of ChongqingChongqingChina

Background:Acute pancreatitis(AP),known for its rapid onset and significant incidence and mortality rates,presents a clinical challenge due to the limited availability of effective treatments and preventive *** B(ASB)has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent,demonstrating capabilities in reducing immune inflammation,positioning it as a promising candidate for AP ***:We investigated the effects of ASB on AP in mice,induced by caerulein and lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Peripheral blood samples were collected 24 h post-induction with caerulein to assess of key biomarkers including lipase,amylase,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,SOD,and GSH-Px.A range of techniques such as immunohistochemistry staining,immunofluorescence staining,Western blotting,and quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction(q-PCR),were employed to measure the expression of critical ***,pancreas samples from the mice were harvested for microbiome and metabolome sequencing,with the data analyzed to understand the impact of ASB on ***:Our study revealed that,compared to the sham group,the AP group exhibited significantly higher serum levels of lipase,amylase,and cytokines,while levels of SOD and GSH Px were notably *** with ASB led to a substantial decrease in the levels of lipase,amylase,and cytokines,and an increase in SOD and GSH-Px levels.q-PCR analysis of pancreatic histiocytes corroborated these serum *** and Eosin(H&E)staining indicated significant alterations in the pathological changes in the pancreas,lungs,and small intestine of the AP model due to *** assays demonstrated that ASB alleviated the apoptosis of pancreatic histiocytes in the AP *** Blot and histological analyses showed that ASB reduced the phosphorylation of TAK,p38,JNK,and ERK proteins,as well as the levels of TRAF6 protein in the AP ***,metabolomic and gut microbiota analysis identified 27 differential metabolites and 34 diffe

关键词： Anemarsaponin B Acute pancreatitis Cytokines MAPK TRAF6 gut flora

Biliatresone:progress in biliary atresia study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第5期19卷 417-424页

作者： Jia‑Jie Zhu Yi‑Fan Yang Rui Dong Shan Zheng Department of Pediatric Surgery Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defectand Key Laboratory of Neonatal DiseaseMinistry of HealthChildren’s Hospital of Fudan University399 Wan Yuan RoadShanghai 201102China

Background Biliary atresia(BA)is one of the main causes of neonatal end-stage liver *** timely diagnosis and treatment,most children with BA will develop irreversible liver fibrosis within the first two *** current theorized causes of BA include viral infection,immune disorders,and genetic defects,the comprehensive etiology is still largely ***,biliatresone attracted much interest for its ability to induce BA in both zebrafish and mice,so we summarized the latest progress of biliatresone research in BA and tried to answer the question of whether it could provide further clues to the etiology of human *** sources We conducted a PubMed search for any published articles related to the topic using search terms including“biliary atresia”,“biliatresone”,“GSH”,and“HSP90”.Relevant data were extracted from the original text or supplementary materials of the corresponding *** Biliatresone had shown its unique toxicity in multiple species such as zebrafish and mice,and pathogenic factors involved included glutathione(GSH),heat shock protein 90(HSP90)and the related *** combination with epidemiological evidence and recent studies on the intestinal flora in biliary atresia,a new pathogenic hypothesis that the occurrence of biliary atresia is partly due to biliatresone or its structure-like compounds depositing in human body via vegetables or/and the altered intestinal flora structure can be tentatively *** Based on the existing evidence,we emphasized that GSH and HSP90 are involved in the development of BA,and the maternal diet,especially higher vegetable intake of Asian women of childbearing age,accompanied by the altered intestinal flora structure,may contribute to the occurrence of biliary atresia and the higher incidence in the Asia ***,the evidence from large sample epidemiological research is necessary.

关键词： Biliary atresia Biliatresone Glutathione gut flora

Impact of gut microbiome in the development and treatment of pancreatic cancer:Newer insights

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第25期29卷 3984-3998页

作者： Ayrton I Bangolo Chinmay Trivedi Ishan Jani Silvanna Pender Hirra Khalid Budoor Alqinai Alina Intisar Karamvir Randhawa Joseph Moore Nicoleta De Deugd Shaji Faisal SuchithBoodgere Suresh Parva Gopani Vignesh K Nagesh Tracy Proverbs-Singh Simcha Weissman Department of Internal Medicine Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Department of Gastrointestinal Malignancies John Theurer Cancer CenterHackensackNJ 07601United States

The gut microbiome plays an important role in the variation of pharmacologic *** aspect is especially important in the era of precision medicine,where understanding how and to what extent the gut microbiome interacts with drugs and their actions will be key to individualizing *** impact of the composition of the gut microbiome on the efficacy of newer cancer therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell treatment has become an active area of *** adenocarcinoma(PAC)has a poor prognosis even in those with potentially resectable disease,and treatment options are very *** studies have concluded that there is a synergistic effect for immunotherapy in combination with cytotoxic drugs,in the treatment of PAC.A variety of commensal microbiota can affect the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy and immunotherapy by modulating the tumor microenvironment in the treatment of *** review will provide newer insights on the impact that alterations made in the gut microbial system have in the development and treatment of PAC.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer gut microbiome Chemotherapy Dysbiosis Intratumoral microbiome gut flora

Effects of ethanol and sex on propionate metabolism evaluated via a faster ^(13)C-propionate breath test in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第21期29卷 3269-3279页

作者： Yosuke Sasaki Naoyuki Kawagoe Tsunehiko Imai Yoshihisa Urita Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care Toho University School of MedicineTokyo 143-8541Japan

BACKGROUND Alcoholism is regarded as a risk factor for vitamin B_(12)(VB_(12))*** V B_(12) serves as a coenzyme of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase,a key enzyme in propionate metabolism,the ^(13)C-propionate breath test(PBT)has been studied as a non-invasive diagnostic modality for VB_(12) ***,the conventional PBT requires 2 h,which is inconvenient in clinical *** hypothesized that a faster PBT can be used to evaluate propionate metabolism and is more easily adaptable for clinical *** To evaluate a faster PBT for assessing the effects of long-term ethanol consumption on propionate metabolism in ethanol-fed rats(ERs).METHODS ERs were obtained by replacing standard drinking water(for control rats,CRs)with 16%ethanol solution in descendants of F344/DuCrj *** PBT was performed by administering ^(13)C-propionate aqueous solution to male and female ERs and CRs by inserting a metal tubule from the mouth to the stomach;exhaled gas was collected in a bag to measure its ^(13)CO_(2)/12CO_(2) isotope ratio via infrared isotope *** VB_(12) and alanine transaminase(ALT)levels were measured via chemiluminescence immunoassay and the lactate dehydrogenaseultraviolet method,*** evaluated statistical differences in mean body weight,change in ^(13)CO_(2)(Δ^(13)CO_(2)‰),peakΔ^(13)CO_(2)‰,and serum VB_(12) and ALT,between males and females and between ERs and CRs using the t-test and Mann-Whitney U test for normally and non-normally distributed variables,*** Males weighed significantly more than females(P<0.001);CRs weighed significantly more than ERs(P<0.008).Δ^(13)CO_(2) reached a peak(C_(max))at 20 min and 30 min in females and males,respectively,decreasing after 20-30 min without rebound in all *** had significantly higher C_(max) andΔ^(13)CO_(2) at 15-45 min than females(P<0.05;for all pairs).Propionate metabolism was enhanced in male ERs relative to male CRs,whereas metabolism did no

关键词： Alcoholism Breath test Carbon isotope gut flora Propionate Vitamin B12

Wumei pills attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis through Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB pathway and microbiota regulation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第32期28卷 4574-4599页

作者： Dong-Xue Lu Feng Liu Hua Wu Hai-Xia Liu Bing-Yu Chen Jing Yan Yin Lu Zhi-Guang Sun Department of Nutrition Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Massage College&Health Preservation and Rehabilitation CollegeNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Orthopaedics Nanjing Pukou District Chinese Medicine HospitalNanjing 210000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Oncology Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Geriatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 451150Henan ProvinceChina Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine The First Clinical Medical CollegeNanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina Key Pharmacology Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina The First Clinical Medical College Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can kill tumor cells and improve the survival rate of cancer ***,they can also damage normal cells and cause serious intestinal toxicity,leading to gastrointestinal mucositis[1].Traditional Chinese medicine is effective in improving the side effects of *** pills(WMP)was originally documented in the Treatise on Exogenous Febrile *** has a significant effect on chronic diarrhea and other gastrointestinal diseases,but it is not clear whether it affects chemotherapy induced intestinal mucositis(CIM).AIM To explore the potential mechanism of WMP in the treatment of CIM through experimental *** We used an intraperitoneal injection of 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu)to establish a CIM mouse model and an oral gavage of WMP decoction(11325 and 22650 mg/kg)to evaluate the efficacy of WMP in *** evaluated the effect of WMP on CIM by observing the general conditions of the mice(body weight,food intake,spleen weight,diarrhea score,and hematoxylin and eosin stained tissues).The expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-1β,and myeloperoxidase(MPO),as well as the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-κB(TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB)signaling pathway proteins and tight junction proteins(zonula occludens-1,claudin-1,E-cadherin,and mucin-2)was ***,intestinal permeability,intestinal flora,and the levels of short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)were also *** WMP effectively improved the body weight,spleen weight,food intake,diarrhea score,and inflammatory status of the mice with intestinal mucositis,which preliminarily confirmed the efficacy of WMP in *** experiments showed that in addition to reducing the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and MPO and inhibiting the expression of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway proteins,WMP also repaired the integrity of the mucosal barrier of mice,regulated the intestinal flora,and increased the levels of S

关键词： Wumei pills gut flora Intestinal mucosal inflammation Mucosal barrier Short-chain fatty acids Intestinal permeability

The role of intestinal flora in the immune system

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Microenvironment & Microecology Research 2022年第3期4卷 9-14页

作者： Cagri Baris Gunec Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China

The intestinal tract is the body's biggest digestive *** microbes,including bifidobacteria,Lactobacillus,Escherichia coli,Enterococcus,Clostridium perfringens,and Pseudomonas,are always present in the intestinal *** digestive tract has evolved localized immunological features to defend the body from potential *** structure,function,and milieu are considerably distinct from common central and peripheral immune organs and account for these *** intestinal flora and its products provide a microenvironment in the gut that has a significant impact on the area's immune *** turn,various disorders regulate and alter the kinds of gut *** gut flora and immune system are constantly communicating with one ***,the intestinal microenvironment may be reconstructed with probiotics or microbiota *** assists in restoring immunological homeostasis and treating or preventing *** manuscript examines how the intestinal flora influences the development and spread of illnesses,which in turn impacts intestinal *** also discuss how improved immune function influences the general and particular immune *** a method of disease prevention and treatment,we also discuss how modifying the microenvironment affects the proliferation,differentiation,and release of immune cells in the intestinal ***,we discuss how human behaviors influence gut microorganisms.

关键词： gut flora immunity gut-brain microbiota antibiotics autoimmunity inflammation