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Effect of cocaine on germ cell apoptosis in rats at different ages

Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第5期8卷 569-575页

作者： Guo-Sheng Yang Wei Wang Yi-Min Wang Zhao-Dian Chen Shuo Wang Jia-Jie Fang Department of Urology First Affiliated Hospital College of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310003 China

Aim： To investigate the effect of cocaine on apoptosis and caspase-3 activity in germ cells in male rats at different ages. Methods： Cocaine hydrochloride was given （15 mg/kg body weight s.c.） to male Sprague-Dawley rats of 3 weeks （n = 8）, 6 weeks （n = 8） and 12 weeks （n = 8） of age, daily for 28 days. The serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）, luteinizing hormone （LH）, prolactin （PRL）, testosterone （T） and estrogen （E2） were assayed, and the DNA fragmentation of germ cells was determined by gel eletronphoresis. The cell cycle, apoptosis and caspase-3 activity of germ cells were tested by flow cytometry. Results： After the 28-day cocaine treatment, testes weight of the 3-week-old rats, the testes and body weights of the 6-week-old rats were decreased significantly compared to those of their corresponding controls （P 〈 0.05）. The serum level of T was decreased significantly in the 3-week-old and 6-week-old rats, and the serum level of PRL was also decreased significantly in 12-week-old rats compared to the controls （P 〈 0.05）, In all the three cocaine-treated groups, the isolated DNA displayed a clear ladder pattern, especially in the 6-week old rats. The number of apoptosic germ cells increased significantly in 3- and 6- week-old rats treated with cocaine （P 〈 0.05）. The caspase-3 activity in all three groups increased significantly compared to the controls （P 〈 0.05）, especially in the 6-week-old rats. Conclusion： Cocaine exposure for 28 days leads to significant damage to male gonad and apoptosis elevation in testes of rats of different ages, especially in those of 6 weeks of age. The increase in caspase-3 activity might be a key pathway related to the early stage of apoptosis as the mechanism of cocaine-induced germ cell loss.

关键词： cocaine testis apoptosis caspase-3 germ cell

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Effect of prolonged cryptorchidism on germ cell apoptosisand testicular sperm count

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2004年第1期6卷 47-51页

作者： Albaha Barqawi Herald Trummer Randall Meacham Division of Urology Department of Surgery University of Colorado School of Medicine Denver Colorado 80262 USADivision of Urology Department of Surgery University of Colorado School of Medicine Denver Colorado 80262 USADivision of Urology Department of Surgery University of Colorado School of Medicine Denver Colorado 80262 USA

Aim: To evaluate the long term effect of experimental cryptorchidism on germ cell apoptotic rate and testicular sperm content in adult rats. Methods: Bilateral cryptorchidism was created in 40 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats by surgically manipulating the testes into the abdominal cavity and closing the internal inguinal ring. The rats were sacrificed and the testes removed 6 hours and 2, 4, 7, 21, 28 and 56 days after cryptorchidism. germ cell apoptosis was quantified by means of TUNEL assay and apoptosis was confirmed using transmission electron microscopy. Results: The rate of apoptosis peaked at 4 days of cryptorchidism and then progressively declined to a nadir at 14 days of cryptorchidism. At 56 days of cryptorchidism, the germinal epithelium was largely depleted by the apoptotic process and only a few mature sperm were seen within the testis. At this point, a few tubules were seen to be repopulating with primary spermatocytes and the level of germ cell apoptosis began to increase marginally. Testicular sperm count (TSC) began to decline rapidly at day 7 of cryptorchidism. Only a few mature sperm were found in the testes of rats following 56 days of cryptorchidism. Multinucleated giant cells (MGC) were most numerous within the seminiferous tubules at day 4. At day 7, 35 % of MGCs were TUNEL positive. At all subsequent time points, however, MGCs fail to stain positive for apoptosis. This resumption of increased apoptosis coincided with the appearance of a population of primary spermatocytes in some seminiferous tubules. Moreover, there was not a corresponding increase in the number of mature sperm after 56 days of cryptorchidism. Conclusion: The decline in germ cell apoptosis after 4 days of cryptorchidism can be attributed to be the result of an overall depletion of germ cells. It appears that after a prolonged cryptorchidism (56 days), there is a limited resumption of spermatogenesis presumably as a result of a decrease in the maturing germ cells undergoing pr

关键词： cryptorchidism apoptosis germ cell testis

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Changes in Rat Testicular germ cell Apoptosis after High Power Microwave Radiation

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2004年第3期6卷 248-248页

作者： Chun-HuaYu Yuan-QingYao Ying-Yang Dong-HongLi DepartmentofObstetricsandGynecology Tang-DuHospitalFourthMilitaryMedicalUniversityXi＇an710038China DepartmentofObstetricsandGynecology Tang-DuHospitalFourthMilitaryMedicalUniversityXi＇an710038China

Aim:To study the effect of high power microwave (HPM) radiation on the testicular germ cell apoptosis. Methods: One hundred and twenty-five Spraque-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, the control group and the experimental group and the latter was further divided into four subgroups: 10 mW/cm2 5 min, 10 mW/cm210 min, 20 mw/cm2 5 min and 20 mW/cm210 min. The experimental groups were radiated with S wave band of 10 mW/ cm2,20 mW/cm2 high power microwave for 5 or 10 min. Testicular samples were taken at 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 5 d after radiation. The testicular germ cell apoptosis was detected by in situ terminal deoxynucleotityl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Results: The number of apoptotic cells of the 6 h, 24 h and 48 h experimental groups after 10 and 20 mW/cm2 radiation for 5 min was significantly larger than that of the controls (P0.05). Conclusion: HPM increases the germ cell apoptosis of rat testis, which is related to the time of radiation and sample acquisition. In the condition of the present test, 5 minutes of HPM radiation may significantly enhance testicular germ cell apoptosis and damage, which in turn may influence the reproductive function of the rats.

关键词： testis germ cell apoptosis high power microwave

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Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes proliferation of cultured chicken ovarian germ cells through protein kinases A and C activation

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2010年第12期11卷 952-957页

作者： Hong-yun LIU Wei-dong ZENG Ai-ling CAO Cai-qiao ZHANG Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Etiology and lmmunological Prevention of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Animal Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Xiaoshan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Hangzhou 311208 China

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on embryonic chicken ovarian germ cell proliferation and its possible involvements of protein kinases A (PKA) and C (PKC) *** cells were treated with FSH alone or in the presence of forskolin (FRSK),PKA inhibitor (H89),PKC activator (PMA) or inhibitor (H7).The germ cell number was counted from *** immunocytochemistry of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was applied to identify the proliferating *** germ cell labeling index (LI) was determined for cell *** FSH treatment increased the germ cell number,and this stimulating effect was enhanced by FRSK or PMA,but inhibited by H89 or H7 in a dose-dependent ***,the PCNA-LI showed parallel changes with germ cell *** study suggests that FSH may stimulate proliferation of cultured chicken ovarian germ cells by activation of both the PKA and PKC signaling pathways.

关键词： Follicle-stimulating hormone Protein kinase A Protein kinase C germ cell Proliferation

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Alleviative effect of quercetin on germ cells intoxicated by 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol from diesel exhaust particles

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第4期13卷 318-326页

作者： Tong-liang BU Yu-dong JIA Jin-xing LIN Yu-ling MI Cai-qiao ZHANG Department of Veterinary Medicine College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Life and Basic Sciences Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYaan 625014China

As a component of diesel exhaust particles, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol （4-nitro-m-cresol, PNMC） is also a metabolite of the insecticide fenitrothion and imposes hazardous effects on human health. In the present study, the alleviative effect of a common antioxidant flavonoid quercetin on mouse germ cells intoxicated by PNMC was inves- tigated. Results showed that a single intraperitoneal injection of PNMC at 100 mg/kg induced severe testicular damage after one week. PNMC-treated mice showed a significant loss of germ cells （approximate 40% loss of round germ cells）. PNMC caused an increase of hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide production and lipid peroxidation, as well as a decrease in glutathione level, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities. Furthermore, treatment of PNMC increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein BcI-XL in germ cells. In addition, testicular caspase-3 activity was significantly up-regulated and germ cell apoptosis was significantly increased in the PNMC-treated mice. In contrast, combined administration of quercetin at 75 mg/kg significantly attenuated PNMC-induced testicular toxicity. These results indicate that the antioxidant quercetin displays a remarkable protective effect on PNMC-induced oxidative damage in mouse testes and may represent an efficient supplement to attenuate reproductive toxicity by environmental toxicants to ensure healthy sperm production.

关键词： Quercetin 3-Methyl-4-nitrophenol Oxidative damage Apoptosis germ cell Testis

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SMARTdb:An Integrated Database for Exploring Single-cell Multi-omics Data of Reproductive Medicine

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第3期22卷 113-123页

作者： Zekai Liu Zhen Yuan Yunlei Guo Ruilin Wang Yusheng Guan Zhanglian Wang Yunan Chen Tianlu Wang Meining Jiang Shuhui Bian State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China

Single-cell multi-omics sequencing has greatly accelerated reproductive research in recent years,and the data are continually ***,utilizing these data resources is challenging for wet-lab researchers.A comprehensive platform for exploring single-cell multi-omics data related to reproduction is urgently ***,we introduce the single-cell multi-omics atlas of reproduction(SMARTdb),an integrative and user-friendly platform for exploring molecular dynamics of reproductive development,aging,and disease,which covers multi-omics,multi-species,and multi-stage *** curated and analyzed single-cell transcriptomic and epigenomic data of over 2.0 million cells from 6 species across the entire lifespan.A series of powerful functionalities are provided,such as“Query gene expression”,“DIY expression plot”,“DNA methylation plot”,and“Epigenome browser”.With SMARTdb,we found that the male germ cell-specific expression pattern of RPL39L and RPL10L is conserved between human and other model ***,DNA hypomethylation and open chromatin may collectively regulate the specific expression pattern of RPL39L in both male and female germ *** summary,SMARTdb is a powerful platform for convenient data mining and gaining novel insights into reproductive development,aging,and *** is publicly available at https://***.

关键词： Database Single-cell multi-omics Embryo germ cell Gonad

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大鼠睾丸间质组织内的生殖细胞

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Current Zoology 1984年第1期30卷 23-26+108-109页

作者：杨勇正滕松山中国科学院生物物理研究所

在本实验中,光镜和电镜观察发现,在一例正常大鼠的局部睾丸的间质组织中,存在着不同发育时期的生殖细胞,同时还见支持细胞。上述各类细胞的超微结构同精细管内的无明显差别;但在位置上,它们却是分散于间质组织内,或者同间质细胞紧密相... 详细信息

在本实验中,光镜和电镜观察发现,在一例正常大鼠的局部睾丸的间质组织中,存在着不同发育时期的生殖细胞,同时还见支持细胞。上述各类细胞的超微结构同精细管内的无明显差别;但在位置上,它们却是分散于间质组织内,或者同间质细胞紧密相靠排列,或者分布于血管周围。本事实表明,在大鼠睾丸的间质组织中,可能也存在着生殖细胞赖以生存、发育和分化的环境条件。本文对这一现象的意义作了讨论。

关键词： Testis Intetstitial tissue germ cell Ultrastructure Spermatogenesis.

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The Development and Specification of Fetal Dairy Goat Male germ cells

The Development and Specification of Fetal Dairy Goat Male G...

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“细胞活动生命活力”——中国细胞生物学学会全体会员代表大会暨第十二次学术大会

作者： Chao Liu,Haijing Zhu,Weishuai Liu,Junwei Sun,Mingzhao Li,Jinlian Hua College of Veterinary Medicine,Shaanxi Centre of Stem cells Engineering & Technology,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi,712100,China

The aim of this study was to investigate profile expression of specific proteins and mRNA associated with their morphologically changes in dairy goat male germ cells from fetal to adult *** of fetuses, postnatal were selected and performed to detect expression using antibodies to proteins associated with spermatogonial marker VASA,and proliferation marker PCNA by *** results showed that the development and specification of dairy goat male germ cells can be divided into 3 stages with distinct morphologically and immunohistochemical *** 51-59dpc,the germ cells can be called gonocytes,which are with round and large shape,has a high nuclear/cytoplasm *** prespermatogonia were predominant,they are large and round,the ratio of nuclear to cytoplasmic is declining and nearly all of them expressed *** 3 mouths after birth,prespermatogonia reach out their pseudopods and located in basement membrane of seminiferous tube and then they give rise to *** the adult testes the spermatogonia located in basement membrane of seminiferous tube and lightly stained by *** PCNA staining indicate that germ cells have maximum of proliferation rate at 50-90 *** birth,most of the germ cells stop proliferate,and after birth the cells multiply rapidly again.

关键词： Goat germ cell

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The Role of DNA Methylation Reprogramming During Sex Determination and Transition in Zebrafish

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2021年第1期19卷 48-63页

作者： Xinxin Wang Xin Ma Gaobo Wei Weirui Ma Zhen Zhang Xuepeng Chen Lei Gao Zhenbo Liu Yue Yuan Lizhi Yi Jun Wang Toshinobu Tokumoto Junjiu Huang Dahua Chen Jian Zhang Jiang Liu CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences/China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province the First Affiliated Hospital and School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Integrated Bioscience Section Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNational University Corporation Shizuoka UniversityShizuoka 422-8529Japan State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China

DNA methylation is a prevalent epigenetic modification in vertebrates,and it has been shown to be involved the regulation of gene expression and embryo ***,it remains unclear how DNA methylation regulates sexual development,especially in species without sex *** determine this,we utilized zebrafish to investigate DNA methylation reprogramming during juvenile germ cell development and adult female-to-male sex *** reveal that primordial germ cells(PGCs)undergo significant DNA methylation reprogramming during germ cell development,and the methylome of PGCs is reset to an oocyte/ovary-like pattern at 9 days post fertilization(9 dpf).When DNA methyltransferase(DNMT)activity in juveniles was blocked after 9 dpf,the zebrafish developed into *** also show that Tet3 is involved in PGC ***,we find that DNA methylome reprogramming during adult zebrafish sex transition is similar to the reprogramming during the sex differentiation from 9 dpf PGCs to ***,inhibiting DNMT activity can prevent the female-to-male sex transition,suggesting that methylation reprogramming is required for zebrafish sex *** summary,DNA methylation plays important roles in zebrafish germ cell development and sexual plasticity.

关键词： germ cell DNA methylation Sex determination Sex transition Sexual plasticity

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Transcriptome research on spermatogenic molecular drive in mammals

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 961-971,I0009页

作者： Zi-Jue Zhu Shi Yang Zheng Li Department of Urology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200127 China Department of Andrology Urologic Medical CenterShanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200080 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Shanghai 200025 China.

It is known that spermatogenic disorders are associated with genetic deficiency, although the primary mechanism is still unclear. It is difficult to demonstrate the molecular events occurring in testis, which contains germ cells at different developmental stages. However, transcriptomic methods can help us reveal the molecular drive of male gamete generation. Many transcriptomic studies have been performed on rodents by utilizing the timing of the first wave of spermatogenesis, which is not a suitable strategy for research in fertile men. With the development of separation methods for male germ cells, transcriptome research on the molecular drive of spermatogenesis in fertile men has seen great progress, and the results could be ultimately applied to improve the diagnosis and treatment for male infertility.

关键词： GeneChip germ cell RNA-Seq sorting spermatogenesis transcriptome

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