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cassava Me RS40 is required for the regulation of plant salt tolerance

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1396-1411页

作者： MA Xiao-wen MA Qiu-xiang MA Mu-qing CHEN Yan-hang GU Jin-bao LI Yang HU Qing LUO Qing-wen WEN Ming-fu ZHANG Peng LI Cong WANG Zhen-yu Institute of Nanfan&Seed Industry Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510316P.R.China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032P.R.China Zhanjiang Research Center Institute of Nanfan&Seed IndustryGuangdong Academy of SciencesZhanjiang 524300P.R.China

Soil salinity affects the expression of serine/arginine-rich(SR) genes and isoforms by alternative splicing, which in turn regulates the adaptation of plants to stress.We previously identified the cassava spliceosomal component 35 like(SCL) and SR subfamilies, belonging to the SR protein family, which are extensively involved in responses to abiotic stresses.However, the post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism of cassava arginine/serine-rich(RS) subfamily in response to salt stress remains to be explored.In the current study, we identified 37 genes of the RS subfamily from 11 plant species and systematically investigated the transcript levels of the RS40 and RS31 genes under diverse abiotic stress conditions.Subsequently, an analysis of the conserved protein domains revealed that plant RS subfamily genes were likely to preserve their conserved molecular functions and played critical functional roles in responses to abiotic stresses.Importantly, we found that overexpression of MeRS40 in Arabidopsis enhanced salt tolerance by maintaining reactive oxygen species homeostasis and up-regulating the salt-responsive genes.However,overexpression of MeRS40 gene in cassava reduced salt tolerance due to the depression of its endogenous gene expression by negative autoregulation of its own pre-mRNA.Moreover, the MeRS40 protein interacted with MeU1-70Ks(MeU1-70Ka and MeU1-70Kb) in vivo and in vitro, respectively.Therefore, our findings highlight the critical role of cassava SR proteins in responses to salt stress in plants.

关键词： cassava alternative splicing serine/arginine-rich proteins salt stress

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Lysozyme inhibits postharvest physiological deterioration of cassava

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第3期64卷 621-624页

作者： Xiaoyun Wu Jia Xu Qiuxiang Ma Sulaiman Ahmed Xinlu Lu Erjun Ling Peng Zhang National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academyof ScienceShanghai 200032China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academy of ScienceShanghai 200032Chin

After harvest,cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz)storage roots undergo rapid postharvest physiological deterioration,producing blue-brown discoloration in the vasculature due to the production of polyphenolics(mainly quinonesand coumarins)by enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase(PPO).Here,we report the application of hen egg-white lysozyme(HEWL),a natural PPO inhibitor,in transgenic cassava to repress the symptoms of postharvest physiological deterioration.The HEWL-expressing transgenic plants had lower levels of the two main cassava coumarins tested,scopoletin and scopolin,compared with wild type.HEWL-expressing cassava also showed increased tolerance of oxidative stress.Overall,the lysozyme-PPO system proved to be functional in plants for repressing PPO-mediated commercial product browning.

关键词： cassava inhibitor lysozyme polyphenol oxidase post-harvest physiological deterioration

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The aquaporin MePIP2;7 improves MeMGT9-mediated Mg2+ acquisition in cassava

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第10期65卷 2349-2367页

作者： Qiuxiang Ma Yancai Feng Shu Luo Lu Cheng Weijing Tong Xinlu Lu Youzhi Li Peng Zhang National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/College of Life Science and Technology Guangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Aquaporins are important transmembrane water transport proteins which transport water and several neutral molecules. However, how aquaporins are involved in the synergistic transport of Mg2+and water remains poorly understood. Here, we found that the cassava aquaporin Me PIP2;7 was involved in Mg2+transport through interaction with Me MGT9, a lower affinity magnesium transporter protein. Knockdown of Me PIP2;7 in cassava led to magnesium deficiency in basal mature leaves with chlorosis and necrotic spots on their edges and starch over-accumulation. Mg2+content was significantly decreased in leaves and roots of Me PIP2;7-RNA interference(PIP-Ri) plants grown in both field and Mg2+-free hydroponic solution. Xenopus oocyte injection analysis verified that Me PIP2;7 possessed the ability to transport water only and Me MGT9 was responsible for Mg^(2+)effux.More importantly, Me PIP2;7 improved the transportability of Mg^(2+)via Me MGT9 as verified using the CM66 mutant complementation assay and Xenopus oocytes expressing system. Yeast twohybrid, bimolecular fuorescence complementation,co-localization, and co-immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated the direct protein–protein interaction between Me PIP2;7 and Me MGT9 in vivo. Mg2+fux was significantly elevated in Me PIP2;7-overexpressing lines in hydroponic solution through non-invasive micro-test technique analysis. Under Mg^(2+)-free condition, the retarded growth of PIP-Ri transgenic plants could be recovered with Mg^(2+)supplementation. Taken together, our results demonstrated the synergistic effect of the Me PIP2;7 and Me MGT9 interaction in regulating water and Mg2+absorption and transport in cassava.

关键词： aquaporin cassava magnesium transporter nutrient utilization protein interaction

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A homeodomain-leucine zipper I transcription factor, MeHDZ14,regulates internode elongation and leaf rolling in cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz)

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作物学报:英文版 2023年第5期11卷 1419-1430页

作者： Xiaoling Yu Xin Guo Pingjuan Zhao Shuxia Li Liangping Zou Wenbin Li Ziyin Xu Ming Peng Mengbin Ruan National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding Sanya 572025HainanChina Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops Institute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101HainanChina Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural ResourcesHaikou 571101HainanChina Sanya Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesSanya 572025HainanChina College of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina

Drought stress impairs plant growth and other physiological functions. MeHDZ14, a homeodomainleucine zipper I transcription factor, is strongly induced by drought stress in various cassava cultivars.However, the role of MeHDZ14 in cassava growth regulation has remained unclear. Here we report that MeHDZ14 affected plant height, such that a dwarf phenotype and altered internode elongation were observed in transgenic cassava lines. MeHDZ14 was found to negatively regulate the biosynthesis of lignin. Its overexpression resulted in abaxially rolled leaves. The morphogenesis of leaf epidermal cells was inhibited by overexpression of MeHDZ14, with decreased auxin and gibberellin and increased cytokinin contents. MeHDZ14 was found to regulate many drought-responsive genes, including genes involved in cell wall synthesis and expansion. MeHDZ14 bound to the promoter of caffeic acid 3-Omethyltransferase 1(MeCOMT1), acting as a transcriptional repressor of genes involved in cell wall development. MeHDZ14 appears to act as a negative regulator of internode elongation and epidermal cell morphogenesis during cassava leaf development.

关键词： HD-Zip transcription factor Drought Internode elongation Leaf rolling cassava

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Down-regulation of MeMYB2 leads to anthocyanin accumulation and increases chilling tolerance in cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz)

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The Crop Journal 2023年第4期11卷 1181-1191页

作者： Xin Guo Xiaohui Yu Chenyu Lin Pingjuan Zhao Bin Wang Liangping Zou Shuxia Li Xiaoling Yu Yinhua Chen Peng Zhang Ming Peng Mengbin Ruan College of Plant Science&Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding Sanya 572025HainanChina Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops Institute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101HainanChina Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural ResourcesHaikou 571101HainanChina College of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina f Sanya Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesSanya 572025HainanChina National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

Chilling-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) is harmful to plants,which usually produce anthocyanins to scavenge ROS as protection from chilling stress.As a tropical crop,cassava is hypersensitive to chilling,but the biochemical basis of this hypersensitivity remains unclear.We previously generated Me MYB2-RNAi transgenic cassava with increased chilling tolerance.Here we report that Me MYB2-RNAi transgenic cassava accumulated less ROS but more cyanidin-3-O-glucoside than the wild type under early chilling stress.Under this stress,the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway was more active in Me MYB2-RNAi lines than in the wild type,and several genes involved in the pathway,including Me TT8,were up-regulated by Me MYB2-RNAi in the transgenic cassava.Me MYB2 bound to the Me TT8 promoter and blocked its expression under both normal and chilling conditions,thereby inhibiting anthocyanin accumulation.Me TT8 was shown to bind to the promoter of Dihydroflavonol 4-reductase(Me DFR-2)and increased Me DFR-2 expression.Me MYB2 appears to act as an inhibitor of chilling-induced anthocyanin accumulation during the rapid response of cassava to chilling stress.

关键词： cassava Early chilling stress Anthocyanins MeMYB2 bHLH transcription factor

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A novel long non-coding RNA, DIR, increases drought tolerance in cassava by modifying stress-related gene expression

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第9期21卷 2588-2602页

作者： DONG Shi-man XIAO Liang LI Zhi-bo SHEN Jie YAN Hua-bing LI Shu-xia LIAO Wen-bin PENG Ming Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops Institute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571101P.R.China Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural ResourcesHaikou 571101P.R.China Cash Crops Research Institute Guangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning 530007P.R.China College of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228P.R.China

cassava is an important tropical cash crop. Severe drought stresses affect cassava productivity and quality, and cause great economic losses in agricultural production. Enhancing the drought tolerance of cassava can effectively improve its yield. Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) are present in a wide variety of eukaryotes. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that lncRNAs play a critical role in the responses to abiotic stresses. However, the function of cassava lncRNAs in the drought response remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified a novel lncRNA, DROUGHT-INDUCED INTERGENIC lncRNA(DIR). Gene expression analysis showed that DIR was significantly induced by drought stress treatment, but did not respond to abscisic acid(ABA) or jasmonic acid(JA) treatments. In addition, overexpression of the DIR gene enhanced proline accumulation and drought tolerance in transgenic cassava. RNA-seq analysis revealed that DIR preferentially affected drought-related genes that were linked to transcription and metabolism. Moreover, RNA pull-down mass spectrometry analysis showed that DIR interacted with 325 proteins. A protein–protein interaction(PPI)analysis found a marked enrichment in proteins associated with the mRNA export and protein quality control pathways.Collectively, these results suggest that DIR and its interacting proteins that regulate mRNA or protein metabolism are involved in mediating the drought stress response. Thus, regulating DIR expression has potential for improving cassava yield under drought conditions.

关键词： lncRNA RNA-seq drought stress cassava DIR

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Senescence-Inducible Expression of Isopentenyl Transferase Extends Leaf Life,Increases Drought Stress Resistance and Alters Cytokinin Metabolism in cassava

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第7期52卷 653-669页

作者： Peng Zhang Wen-Quan Wang Gen-Liang Zhang Miroslav Kaminek Petre Dobrev Jia Xu Wilhelm Gruissem Shanghai Center for cassava Biotechnology National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Department of Biology Plant Biotechnology ETH Zurich Universitatstrasse 2 8092 Zurich Switzerland Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science Haikou 571101 China Institute of Experimental Botany Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Rozvojova 263 CZ-165 02 Prague 6 Czech Republic Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

cassava （Manihot esculenta Crantz） sheds its leaves during growth, especially within the tropical dry season. With the production of SAG12-1PT transgenic cassava we want to test the level of leaf retention and altered cytokinin metabolism of transgenic plants via the autoregulatory senescence inhibition system. After confirmation of transgene expression by molecular analysis and phenotype examination in greenhouse plants, two transgenic plant lines, 529-28 and 529-48, were chosen for further investigation. Detached mature leaves of 529-28 plants retained high levels of chlorophyll compared with wild-type leaves after dark-induced senescence treatment. Line 529-28 showed significant drought tolerance as indicated by stay-green capacity after drought stress treatment. Field experiments proved that leaf senescence syndrome was significantly delayed in 529-28 plants in comparison with wild-type and 529-48 plants. Physiological and agronomical characterizations of these plants also revealed that the induced expression of IPT had effects on photosynthesis, sugar allocation and nitrogen partitioning. Importantly, the 529-28 plants accumulated a high level of trans-zeatin-type cytokinins particularly of corresponding storage O-glucosides to maintain cytokinin homeostasis. Our study proves the feasibility of prolonging the leaf life of woody cassava and also sheds light on the control of cytokinin homeostasis in cassava leaves.

关键词： Sheds Transgenic plants cassava Leaves Cytokinins Transgenics Homeostasis Drought Senescence Plants

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cassava Yield, Garrification Traits and Economic Returns as Influenced by Different Genotypes in an Ultisol

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第6期13卷 744-755页

作者： Nyaudoh Ndaeyo Justina U. Okon Chiedozie N. Egesi Okechukwu N. Eke-Okoro Francis O. Ogbe Department of Crop Science University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria National Root Crops Research Institute Umudike Nigeria

Field trials were conducted at the University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm in 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 to evaluate cassava yield, garrification traits, and economic returns as influenced by genotypes grown in an ultisol. Uyo is located between latitudes 4°30' and 5°27'N and longitudes 7°50'E and 80°20'E. The area, which lies within the humid tropical rainforest zone of southeastern Nigeria, has an annual mean rainfall of 2500 mm with a bimodal rainfall pattern, monthly sunshine of 3.14 hours, and a mean annual temperature of 28°C. The experimental site was previously put into cultivation of some arable crops such as fluted pumpkin, okra, and waterleaf before it was fallowed for two years. A randomized complete block design, replicated three times was used. Treatments were 16 cassava genotypes (AR1-82, NR02/0028, NR03/0174, CR12-45, NR03/0211, TMS98/2132, TMS01/1206, TMS01/1368, TMS01/1371, CR36-5, NR02/0007, NR03/0155, AR37-108, TMS01/1412, TMS30572 and local best variety “Obubit okpo”). Results obtained via combined (pooled) analysis of the two seasons indicated that cassava yield differed significantly among the genotypes. NR02/0018 (42.50 t/ha) out-yielded others by 17% - 52% followed by NR 02/0007 (35.42 t/ha), and NR 03/0155 (32.08 t/ha). TMS 98/2132 had the most preferred garrification attributes followed by NR 02/0018, NR 02/0007, and NR03/01155. NR 02/0018 genotype gave the highest economic returns followed by NR 02/0007 and NR03/0155. NR02/0018 superseded others in yield, garrification traits, and economic returns, which is therefore recommended.

关键词： cassava Genotypes Yield Garrification Traits Economic Returns

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Expression Profiling of cassava Storage Roots Reveals an Active Process of Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第3期53卷 193-211页

作者： Jun Yang Dong An Peng Zhang Shanghai Center for cassava Biotechnology National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center the Chinese Academy of Sciences Chenshan Botanical Garden Shanghai 201602 China

Mechanisms related to the development of cassava storage roots and starch accumulation remain largely unknown. To evaluate genome-wide expression patterns during tuberization, a 60 mer oligonucleotide microarray representing 20 840 cassawl genes was designed to identify differentially expressed transcripts in fibrous roots, developing storage roots and mature storage roots. Using a random variance model and the traditional twofold change method for statistical analysis, 912 and 3 386 upregulated and downregulated genes related to the three developmental phases were identified. Among 25 significantly changed pathways identified, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis was the most evident one. Rate-limiting enzymes were identified from each individual pathway, for example, enolase, L-lactate dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase for glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, starch branching enzyme and glucan phosphorylase for sucrose and starch metabolism. This study revealed that dynamic changes in at least 16% of the total transcripts, including transcription fac- tors, oxidoreductases/transferases/hydrolases, hormone-related genes, and effectors of homeostasis. The reliability of these differentially expressed genes was verified by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Tlhese studies should facilitate our understanding of the storage root formation and cassava improvement.

关键词： Roots Storage Rooting cassava Transcription Genomes Genes Starch Statistical methods Enzymes

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cassava:Nutrient composition and nutritive value in poultry diets

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Animal Nutrition 2016年第4期2卷 253-261页

作者： Natalie K.Morgan Mingan Choct School of Environmental&Rural Science University of New England

Insufficient supply, high prices and competition with the human food and biofuel industries means there is a continuous demand for alternative energy sources for poultry. As a result, cassava is becoming an increasingly important ingredient in poultry diets, largely due to its high availability. Efficient use of cassava products has been shown to reduce feed costs of poultry production. The utilisation of cassava is,however, limited by a number of factors, including its high fibre and low energy content and the presence of anti-nutritional factors, primarily hydrocyanic acid(HCN). With correct processing the inclusion level of cassava in poultry diets could be increased. Extensive research has been conducted on cassava products for poultry, but there is still a lack of consistency amongst the measured nutritive values for cassava and its products, hence variation exists in results from poultry studies. This paper reviews the nutrient composition of cassava products and its value as an alternative energy source in poultry diets.

关键词： cassava Broiler Layer Alternative energy Nutrition Manihot esculenta

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