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The Sterile 20-Like Kinase Tao Controls tissue homeostasis by Regulating the Hippo Pathway in Drosophila Adult Midgut

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2014年第8期41卷 429-438页

作者： Xudong Huang Lai Shi Jun Cao Fangfei He Renling Li Yan Zhang Shuang Miao Longjin Jin Jia Qu Zhouhua Li Xinhua Lin School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science Wenzhou Medical University School of Life Sciences Capital Normal University Division of Developmental Biology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center

The proliferation and differentiation of adult stem cells must be tightly controlled in order to maintain resident tissue homeostasis. Dysfunction of stem cells is implicated in many human diseases, including cancer. However, the regulation of stem cell proliferation and differentiation is not fully understood. Here we show that the sterile-like 20 kinase, Tao, controls tissue homeostasis by regulating the Hippo pathway in the Drosophila adult midgut. Depletion of Tao in the progenitors leads to rapid intestinal stem cell （ISC） proliferation and midgut homeostasis loss. Meanwhile, we find that the Janus kinase （JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT） signaling activity and cytokine production are significantly increased, resulting in stimulated ISC proliferation. Furthermore, expression of the Hippo pathway downstream targets, Diapl and bantam, is dramatically increased in Tao knockdown intestines. Consistently, we show that the Yorkie （Yki） acts downstream of Tao to regulate ISC proliferation. Together, our results provide insights into our understanding of the mechanisms of stem cell proliferation and tissue homeostasis control.

关键词： Stem cell Midgut Drosophila tissue homeostasis Tao Hippo

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Cell competition in liver carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第8期12卷 475-484页

作者： Fabio Marongiu Ezio Laconi Department of Biomedical Sciences Unit of Experimental MedicineUniversity of CagliariCagliari 09124Italy

Cell competition is now a well-established quality control strategy to optimize cell and tissue fitness in multicellular *** pursuing this goal,it is also effective in selecting against altered/defective cells with putative(pre)-neoplastic potential,thereby edging the risk of cancer *** flip side of the coin is that the molecular machinery driving cell competition can also be co-opted by neoplastic cell populations to expand unchecked,outside the boundaries of tissue homeostatic *** review will focus on information that begins to emerge regarding the role of cell competition in liver physiology and *** repopulation by normal transplanted hepatocytes is an interesting field of investigation in this *** biological coordinates of this process share many features suggesting that cell competition is a driving force for the clearance of endogenous damaged hepatocytes by normal donor-derived cells,as previously *** analogies between liver repopulation and carcinogenesis will be briefly discussed and the potential dual role of cell competition,as a barrier or a spur to neoplastic development,will be *** competition is in essence a cooperative strategy organized at tissue *** facet of such cooperative attitude is expressed in the elimination of altered cells which may represent a threat to the organismal *** the other hand,the society of cells can be disrupted by the emergence of selfish clones,exploiting the molecular bar codes of cell competition,thereby paving their way to uncontrolled growth.

关键词： Cell competition Liver carcinogenesis Liver repopulation Aging tissue homeostasis Clonal expansion

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Mechanisms of gut homeostasis in Drosophila

Mechanisms of gut homeostasis in Drosophila

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第二届全国发育生物学大会

作者： Zhouhua Li College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University

homeostasis in adult tissues is maintained by resident stem cells and their *** proliferation of adult stem cells and differentiation of their progeny must be tightly *** of the best examples is the adult gastrointestinal epithelium which is constantly being renewed with the progeny of *** of the regulatory mechanisms could result in the depletion of stem cells or in excessive proliferation of stem cells/progenitor cells,eventually leading to diseases such as *** regulatory networks will yield insights into the mechanisms of related human *** and Drosophila intestines show marked similarities in terms of development,cellular make-up and genetic ***,studying the mechanisms in homeostasis control will help the understanding of homeostasis maintenance and tumorogenesis,having potential clinical ***,the mechanisms how it controls ISC proliferation and differentiation are not fully *** found that both extrinsic and intrinsic factors regulate midgut ***-derived Decapentaplegic(Dpp)is essential for adult midgut *** show that Dpp signaling is primarily activated in enterocytes(ECs).Depletion of Dpp signaling in ECs results in excess amounts of intestinal stem cell(ISC)-like cells and their ***,we find that Dpp is expressed specifically in tracheal cells that reach the intestinal cells through the visceral muscles(VMs).Depletion of dpp expression in tracheal cells phenocopies the Dpp loss-of-function defects in *** data demonstrate that the Drosophila trachea not only exchanges air for bodily needs,but also produces a Dpp morphogen essential for neighboring tissue ***,we found that Debra-mediated Ci degradation is important for ISC *** inhibition leads to increased ISC activity and tissue homeostasis loss,phenocopying defects observed in the aging *** defects can be suppressed by deplet

关键词： Drosophila stem cell tissue homeostasis Dpp Debra.

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