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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第1期8卷 10-19页

作者： Yogini Jaiswal Zhitao Liang Alan Ho Hubiao Chen Leonard Williams Zhongzhen Zhao Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies The North Carolina Research Campus School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist University

Achyranthes bidentata and Achyranthes aspera are saponin and steroid rich medicinal plants, used extensively for therapeutic treatments in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) and Ayurveda. A. bidentata is reported to be one of the rare and extensively exploited medicinal plant species that face the issue of being endangered.Finding qualitative substitute with identical phyto-constituents contributing to similar composition and pharmacological benefits will help in reducing the burden of exploitation of the natural habitats of such plants.In the present study, a comparative metabolite analysis of the whole drug and specific tissues isolated by laser micro-dissection(LMD) was carried out for both the selected species, by use of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-QTOF MS). The results of the study indicate that the cortex and the medullary ray tissues are rich in their content of steroidal and saponin constituents such as(25 S)-inokosterone-20,22-acetonide, ginsenoside Ro, bidentatoside II and achyranthoside B.Metabolite profiling of the whole tissues of both the species indicates presence of identical constituents. Thus,it is inferred that A. bidentata and A. aspera can be used as qualitative substitutes for each other.

关键词： Achyranthes aspera Achyranthes bidentata steroids Glycosides Saponins

Assessing the estrogenic potency in a Portuguese wastewater treatment plant using an integrated approach

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第10期22卷 1613-1622页

作者： Mário S.Diniz Rita Maurício Mira Petrovic Maria J.López De Alda Leonor Amaral Isabel Peres Damiá Barceló Fernando Santana Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciencias e TecnologiaREQUIMTEDep.de Quimica Universidade Nova de Lisboa Faculdade de Ciencias e TecnologiaDep.de Ciencias e Engenharia do Ambiente Department of Environmental Chemistry-IIQAB-CSIC c/Jordi Girona

The estrogenic potency of a wastewater treatment plant （WWTP） was evaluated using chemical and biological analyses, which showed that after the station treatment processes some of the selected endocrine disruptor compounds （EDCs） were still present in the treated effluent （e.g., bisphenol A, alkylphenols, estrone）. Thus, the most common endocrine EDCs were identified and quantified and the overall estrogenicity of the treated effluent assessed by integrating the results. Male goldfish （Carassius auratus） were used as biological indicators in a 28-day experiment. Vitellogenin （Vtg）, gonadosomatic and hepatosomatic indices, steroids （17β-estradiol and 11-ketotestosterone） and histopathology were biomarkers used in fish to evaluate WWTP treated effluent estrogenicity, in combination with instrumental analyses. The results showed a significant increase （P 〈 0.01） in plasma and liver Vtg, which were significantly correlated （r = 0.66; P 〈 0.01）. The gonadosmatic index was significantly （P 〈 0.01） reduced in exposed fish. The steroid analyses revealed significant elevations in 17β-estradiol and depressed 11-ketotestosterone concentrations. The histological examinations show changes in exposed fish gonads, such as regressed testes and in some cases （43% to 75%） the development of ovo-testis in fish exposed to 50% and 100% treated effluent.

关键词： Carassius auratus endocrine disruptors vitellogenin steroids intersex

Cloning and characterization of squalene synthase and cycloartenol synthase from Siraitia grosvenorii

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017年第2期7卷 215-222页

作者： Huan Zhao Qi Tang Changming Mo Longhua Bai Dongping Tu Xiaojun Ma The Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Hunan Provincial Key laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization and National Chinese Medicinal Herbs(Hunan) Technology Center Hunan Agricultural University Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant

Mogrosides and steroid saponins are tetracyclic triterpenoids found in Siraitia grosvenorii.Squalene synthase(SQS) and cycloartenol synthase(CAS) are key enzymes in triterpenoid and steroid biosynthesis.In this study,full-length cDNAs of SgSQS and SgCAS were cloned by a rapid amplification of cDNA-ends with polymerase chain reaction(RACE-PCR) approach.The SgSQS cDNA has a 1254 bp open reading frame(ORF) encoding 417 amino acids,and the SgCAS cDNA contains a 2298 bp ORF encoding 765 amino acids.Bioinformatic analysis showed that the deduced SgSQS protein has two transmembrane regions in the C-terminal.Both SgSQS and SgCAS have significantly higher levels in fruits than in other tissues,suggesting that steroids and mogrosides are competitors for the same precursors in fruits.Combined in silico prediction and subcellular localization,experiments in tobacco indicated that SgSQS was probably in the cytoplasm or on the cytoskeleton,and SgCAS was likely located in the nucleus or cytosol.These results will provide a foundation for further study of SgSQS and SgCAS gene functions in S.grosvenorii,and may facilitate improvements in mogroside content in fruit by regulating gene expression.

关键词： Siraitia grosvenorii Triterpenoids steroids Cloning Expression Squalene synthase Cycloartenol synthase Subcellular localization

Inpatient use of racemic epinephrine for children admitted with croup

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第6期15卷 586-594页

作者： Elaine Chiang Omar Afandi Sang Hoon Lee Srinivasan Suresh Raymond DPitetti Sriram Ramgopal Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine Department of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA Department of Pediatrics University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA Department of Pediatrics University of CincinnatiCollege of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Emergency Medicine Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA Division of Health Informatics Department of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicineChildren's Hospital of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh PittsburghPAUSA

Background Pediatric patients with croup are frequently admitted if they require two doses of racemic epinephrine(RE)in the emergency department(ED).We aimed to identify factors associated with the need for additional therapy(>2 RE doses)among pediatric patients with croup.Methods We performed a single-center retrospective study of consecutive patients admitted from the ED with a diagnosis of croup between January 1,2011 and December 31,2015.Primary outcome was need for>2 doses of RE.Secondary out-comes included time to third RE and 72-hour return visits.We performed logistic regression to identify factors associated with use of>2 RE doses during hospitalization,and survival analysis to identify time to dosing of 3rd RE from 2nd RE.Results Of 353 included admissions[250(70.8%)males,median age 1.48,interquartile range 0.97-2.51 years],106/353(30.0%)required>2 RE.In univariate logistic regression,only recent use of steroids within 1 day prior to presentation(4.18,1.48-11.83;P=0.007)was associated with need for>2 RE.Survival from third RE was 0.74(95%CI 0.69-0.78),which was similar to the survival at 12 hours(0.70,95%CI 0.65-0.75).Return visits occurred in 19(5.4%)patients,of whom 12/19(63.2%)were given RE.Conclusions Patients hospitalized for croup with recent use of steroids prior to ED presentation have a greater need for>2 RE during hospitalization.The majority who require inpatient RE will do so within 8-12 hours.These data provide informa-tion for risk stratification and duration of monitoring for patients hospitalized with croup.

关键词： Laryngotracheobronchitis Racemic epinephrine Spasmodic croup steroids Viral croup

Brassinosteroids regulate outer ovule integument growth in part via the control of INNER NO OUTER by BRASSINOZOLE‐RESISTANT family transcription factors

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第8期62卷 1093-1111页

作者： Dandan Jia Lian-Ge Chen Guimin Yin Xiaorui Yang Zhihua Gao Yi Guo Yu Sun Wenqiang Tang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell SignalingHebei KeyLaboratory of Molecular and Cellular BiologyCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China College of Bioscience&Bioengineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China

Brassinosteroids(BRs)play important roles in regulating plant reproductive processes.BR signaling or BR biosynthesis null mutants do not produce seeds under natural conditions,but the molecular mechanism underlying this infertility is poorly understood.In this study,we report that outer integument growth and embryo sac development were impaired in the ovules of the Arabidopsis thaliana BR receptor null mutant bri1-116.Gene expression and RNA-seq analyses showed that the expression of INNER NO OUTER(INO),an essential regulator of outer integument growth,was significantly reduced in the bri1-116 mutant.Increased INO expression due to overexpression or increased transcriptional activity of BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT 1(BZR1)in the mutant alleviated the outer integument growth defect in bri1-116 ovules,suggesting that BRs regulate outer integument growth partially via BZR1-mediated transcriptional regulation of INO.Meanwhile,INO expression in bzr-h,a null mutant for all BZR1 family genes,was barely detectable;and the outer integument of bzr-h ovules had much more severe growth defects than those of the bri1-116 mutant.Together,our findings establish a new role for BRs in regulating ovule development and suggest that BZR1 family transcription factors might regulate outer integument growth through both BRI1-dependent and BRI1-independent pathways.

关键词： impaired outer steroids

Evidence of endometrial amino acid metabolism and transport modulation by peri-ovulatory endocrine profiles driving uterine receptivity

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第4期8卷 852-865页

作者： Moana Rodrigues Franca Maressa Izabel Santos da Silva Guilherme Pugliesi Veerle Van Hoeck Mario Binelli Department of Animal Reproduction School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity of Sao Paulo225Duque de Caxias Norte Ave.Jd.Elite13635-900 PirassunungaSPBrazil Gamete Research Centre University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium

Background: In beef cattle, changes in the periovulatory endocrine milieu are associated with fertility and conceptus growth. A large preovulatory follicle(POF) and the resulting elevated concentrations of progesterone(P4) during diestrus positively affect pregnancy rates. Amino acids(AA) are important components of maternally derived secretions that are crucial for embryonic survival before implantation. The hypothesis is that the size of the POF and the concentration of P4 in early diestrus modulate the endometrial abundance of SLC transcripts related to AA transport and metabolism and subsequently impact luminal concentrations of AA. The follicle growth of Nelore cows was manipulated to produce two experimental groups: large POF and CL(LF-LCL group) and small POF and CL(SF-SCL group). On Day 4(D4; Experiment 1) and Day 7(D7; Experiment 2) after Gn RH-induced ovulation(Gn RH treatment = D0), the animals were slaughtered and uterine tissues and uterine washings were collected. q RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of AA transporters in D4 and D7 endometrial tissues.The concentrations of AA were quantified in D4 and D7 uterine washings by HPLC.Results: Transcript results show that, on D4, SLC6 A6, SLC7 A4, SLC17 A5, SLC38 A1, SLC38 A7 and SCLY and on D7 SLC1 A4, SLC6 A1, SLC6 A14, SLC7 A4, SLC7 A7, SLC7 A8, SLC17 A5, SLC38 A1, SLC38 A7, SLC43 A2 and DDO were more abundant in the endometria of cows from the LF-LCL group(P < 0.05). In addition, concentrations of AA in the uterine lumen were influenced by the endocrine profiles of the mother. In this context, D4 uterine washings revealed that greater concentrations of taurine, alanine and α-aminobutyric acid were present in SF-SCL(P < 0.05).In contrast, lower concentrations of valine and cystathionine were quantified on D7 uterine washings from SF-SCL cows(P < 0.05).Conclusion: The present study revealed an association between the abundance of transcripts related to AA transport and metabolism in the endometrium and specific periovulatory endocrine pro

关键词： Amino acids Beef cattle Sex steroids Uterus

Soft coral Cespitularia stolonifera:New cytotoxic ceramides and gastroprotective activity

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第2期15卷 105-114页

作者： Abdelsamed I.Elshamy Walaa A.El-Kashak Heba M.I.Abdallah Abdelrazik H.Farrag Mahmoud I.Nassar Natural Compounds Chemistry Department National Research CentreGiza 12622Egypt Pharmacology Department National Research CentreGiza 12622Egypt Pathology Department National Research Centre Giza 12622Egypt

In the present study, a new ceramide, namely 2S, 3R-4E, 8E-2-(heptadecanoylamino)-heptadeca-4, 8-diene-1, 3-diol(1), along with four known steroids, including 24-methylcholesta-5, 24(28)-diene-3β-ol(2), 24-methylcholesta-5, 24(28)-diene-3β-acetate(3), 4-methyl-24-methylcholesta- 22-ene-3-ol(4), and cholesterol, was isolated and characterized from CH2Cl2/Me OH extract of Cespitularia stolonifera. A new acetate derivative of compound 1, termed 2S, 3R-4E, 8E-2-(heptadecanoylamino)-heptadeca-4, 8-diene-1, 3-diacetate(1a), was also prepared in the present study. All the structures were established on the basis of modern spectroscopic techniques, including FT-IR, 1D, 2D-NMR, HRESI-MS, and GC-MS, in addition of chemical methods.(-)-Alloaromadendren, ledane,(1)-alloaromadendren oxide, isoaromadendrene epoxide and(-)-caryophellen oxide were identified from the n-hexane fraction using GC-MS. The extract and the two ceramides(1) and(1a) exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against lung cancer A549 cells, while the extract and the two steroids(2) and(3) exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against breast cancer MCF-7 cells. The CH_2Cl_2/MeOH extract exhibited significant antiulcer activity in both ethanol and acetic acid induced ulcer models in rats, as evidenced by histopathological, histochemical, and biochemical examinations.

关键词： Cespitularia stolonifera Ceramide steroids Anticancer leading constituents Antiulcer activity

Protective effects of gonadal hormones on spinal motoneurons following spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第6期13卷 971-976页

作者： Dale R.Sengelaub Xiao-Ming Xu Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana University Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of Medicine

Spinal cord injury（SCI） results in lesions that destroy tissue and disrupt spinal tracts, producing deficits in locomotor and autonomic function. The majority of treatment strategies after SCI have concentrated on the damaged spinal cord, for example working to reduce lesion size or spread, or encouraging regrowth of severed descending axonal projections through the lesion, hoping to re-establish synaptic connectivity with caudal targets. In our work, we have focused on a novel target for treatment after SCI, surviving spinal motoneurons and their target musculature, with the hope of developing effective treatments to preserve or restore lost function following SCI. We previously demonstrated that motoneurons, and the muscles they innervate, show pronounced atrophy after SCI. Importantly, SCI-induced atrophy of motoneuron dendrites can be attenuated by treatment with gonadal hormones, testosterone and its active metabolites, estradiol and dihydrotestosterone. Similarly, SCI-induced reductions in muscle fiber cross-sectional areas can be prevented by treatment with androgens. Together, these findings suggest that regressive changes in motoneuron and muscle morphology seen after SCI can be ameliorated by treatment with gonadal hormones, further supporting a role for steroid hormones as neurotherapeutic agents in the injured nervous system.

关键词： testosterone dihydrotestosterone estradiol steroids atrophy neuroprotection morphology dendrites muscle fibers retrograde labeling

Efficacy and safety of systematic corticosteroids among severe COVID-19 patients:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第3期6卷 756-762页

作者： Shaolei Ma Changsheng Xu Shijiang Liu Xiaodi Sun Renqi Li Mingjie Mao Shanwu Feng Xian Wang Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast UniversityNanjingChina Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Pain Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Anesthesiology Jinling HospitalSchool of MedicineNanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of Anesthesiology Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Maternity and Child Health Care HospitalNanjingChina

The benefits and harms of corticosteroids for patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)remain unclear.We systematically searched PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from December 31,2019 to October 1,2020 to identify randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that evaluated corticosteroids in severe COVID-19 patients.The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at the longest follow-up.Secondary outcomes included a composite disease progression(progression to intubation,ventilation,extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,ICU transfer,or death among those not ventilated at enrollment)and incidence of serious adverse events.A random-effects model was applied to calculate risk ratio(RR)with 95%confidence intervals(Cis).We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation approach to evaluate the certainty of the evidence.Seven RCTs involving 6250 patients were included,of which the Randomized Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy(RECOVERY)trial comprised nearly 78%of all included subjects.Results showed that corticosteroids were associated with a decreased all-cause mortality(27.3 vs.31.1%;RR:0.85;95%CI:0.73-0.99;P=0.04;low-certainty evidence).Trial sequential analysis suggested that more trials were still required to confirm the results.However,such survival benefit was absent if RECOVERY trial was excluded(RR:0.83;95%CI:0.65-1.06;P=0.13).Furthermore,corticosteroids decreased the occurrence of composite disease progression(30.6 vs.33.3%;RR:0.77;95%CI:0.64-0.92;P=0.005),but not increased the incidence of serious'adverse events(3.5 vs.3.4%;RR:1.16;95%CI:0.39-3.43;P=0.79).

关键词： patients cor steroids

Effects of testosterone and estradiol on anxiety and depressive-like behavior via a non-genomic pathway

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第3期31卷 288-296页

作者： Barbora Filova Maria Malinova Janka Babickova Lubomira Tothova Daniela Ostatnikova Peter Celec Julius Hodosy Institute of Molecular Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine Comenius University Center for Molecular Medicine Slovak Academy of Sciences Institute of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Comenius University Institute of Pathophysiology Faculty of Medicine Comenius University Department of Molecular Biology Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University

Besides their known slow genomic effects, testosterone and estradiol have rapid effects in the brain. However, their impact on mood-related behavior is not clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the non-genomic pathway of testosterone and estradiol in the amygdala in relation to anxiety and depressive-like behavior. Sham-operated and gonadectomized male rats （GDX） supplemented with testosterone propionate, estradiol, or olive oil were used. Five minutes after administration, anxiety and depression-like behavior were tested. Estradiol increased anxiolytic behavior in the open-field test compared to the GDX group, but administration of testosterone had no significant effect. Besides, c-Fos expression in the medial nucleus of the amygdala significantly increased after testosterone treatment compared to the GDX group, while no significant difference was observed in the central and the basolateral nuclei of the amygdala in the testosterone-treated group compared to the GDX group. In conclusion, estradiol had an anxiolytic effect via a rapid pathway, but no rapid effect of testosterone on anxiety was found. Further studies elucidating whether the rapid effect is mediated by a non-genomic pathway are needed.

关键词： non-genomic effects steroids anxiety depression c-Fos amygdala