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World Journal of Methodology 2016年第4期6卷 200-213页

作者： Dimitri Poddighe Matteo Gelardi Amelia Licari Michele Miraglia del Giudice Gian Luigi Marseglia Department of Pediatrics ASST Melegnanoe Martesana Department of Pediatric Sciences Università degli Studi di Pavia Department of Otolaryngology Università di Bari Department of Pediatrics Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Department of Pediatrics Seconda Università di Napoli Department of Pediatrics Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia

Chronic rhinitis is a very common disease, as the prevalence in the general population resulted to be 40%. Allergic rhinitis has been considered to be the most frequent form of chronic rhinitis, as non-allergic rhinitis has been estimated to account for 25%. However, several evidences suggested that non-allergic rhinitis have been underrated, especially in children. In pediatrics, the diagnostic definition of non-allergic rhinitis has been often limited to the exclusion of an allergic sensitization. Actually, local allergic rhinitis has been often misdiagnosed as well as mixed rhinitis has not been recognized in most cases. Nasal cytology is a diagnostic procedure being suitable for routine clinical practice with children and could be a very useful tool to characterize and diagnose non-allergic rhinitis, providing important clues for epidemiological analysis and clinical management.

关键词： Pediatric chronic rhinitis Non-allergic rhinitis Nasal cytology Local allergic rhinitis

The Effect of Allergic rhinitis on Quality of Life in Patients Suffering from the Disease: A Case Control Study

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2019年第4期8卷 121-131页

作者： Ioannis D. Komnos Maria C. Michali Asimakis D. Asimakopoulos Lentiona V. Basiari Ioannis G. Kastanioudakis Department of Otorhinolaryngology Faculty of Medicine School of Medical Sciences University Hospital of Ioannina Ioannina Greece Department of Otorhinolaryngology Hospital Center of Luxembourg Luxembourg City Luxembourg

Background: Apart from nasal symptoms allergic rhinitis was associated with ocular or other symptoms affecting social and somatic activities or sleep. In the literature, only a few prospective studies regarding allergic rhinitis and holistic consideration of quality of life were reported. Methods: The aim of this case control study was to investigate prospectively the effect of allergic rhinitis on quality of life. 103 patients (50 males and 53 females) with mean age 30.8 ±13.4 years, range 18 - 55 years, diagnosed with the disease with skin prick testing, were evaluated regarding quality of life by using the General Health Questionnaire-28, the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and the mini Rhinocon-junctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire. 50 participants without history or al-lergic symptoms during the last 12 months formed the control group. Inde-pendent sample t-tests were conducted to assess significant differences between patients with allergic rhinitis and controls regarding all the examined parameters concerning quality of life. Data was analyzed using Windows statistical package of SPSS version 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Statistical significance was set a priori at 0.05. Results: Dust mite, mixed grass and pollens were the most common allergens found in patients with allergic rhinitis. It was also observed that the examined patients showed statistically worse results concerning not only physical and social activities but also quality of sleep and nasal or other symptoms as compared to healthy controls (p 0.05). Conclusion: Allergic rhinitis negatively affected the quality of life especially the parameters that were related to psychosocial activities and sleep, which might have an impact on daily living.

关键词： Quality of Life Allergic rhinitis Questionnaire Sleep Disorders Physical and Social Activities

Near-Road Exposure to Air Pollution and Allergic rhinitis: A Cross-Sectional Study among Vendors in Dakar, Senegal

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2017年第4期5卷 106-120页

作者： Fatou K. Sylla Adama Faye Mamadou Fall Masse Lo Aminata Diokhané Nafissatou O. Touré Anta TAL-DIA Institute of Health and Development—Public Health and Preventive Medecine Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Toxicology and Hydrology Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal Institute of Leadership and Development (ILD) Dakar Senegal Air Quality Management Center of Dakar (CGQA) Dakar Senegal Pneumology Clinic CHU-Fann Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The work environment is one of the main causes of allergic rhinitis. The majority of vendors in Dakar work in places close to roads that are very frequented by vehicles, exposing them to increased air pollution. The study determined the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and its associated risk factors in these vendors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey based on a structured questionnaire, conducted among vendors in the neighborhoods of HLM, Medina and Petersen in Dakar, Senegal. A total of 200 vendors were interviewed. Symptoms of allergic rhinitis were defined as the simultaneous presence of rhinorrhea, nasal congestion and sneezing in the absence of respiratory infection. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics, occupational factors, and allergic rhinitis. Results: Results of the study show a prevalence of 43% of allergic rhinitis among vendors. Multivariate analysis showed that the independent factors associated with allergic rhinitis in these vendors were age [OR: 3.28 (1.02 - 10.51)], working area [OR: 8.31 (2.39 - 28.95)], exposure to multiple sources of pollution [OR: 4.08 (1.43 - 11.63)], and recurrent cold [OR: 4.39 (1.15 - 16.85)]. Conclusion: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was high among vendors in Dakar. Our data suggest that exposure to air pollution at the workplace in vendors could lead to allergic rhinitis.

关键词： Air Pollution Traffic Vendors Allergic rhinitis Senegal

Allergic and nonallergic rhinitis in children: The role of nasal cytology

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2013年第2期3卷 133-138页

作者： Maria Cristina Provero Alberto Macchi Sara Antognazza Maddalena Marinoni Luigi Nespoli Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Insubria c/o Ospedale Filippo del Ponte Varese Italy Otorhinolaringology Clinic University of Insubria Varese AICNA c/o Ospedale di Circolo Varese Italy

Nasal cytology is a diagnostic tool currently used in rhinology to study either allergic and vasomotor rhinological disorders or infectious and inflammatory rhinitis. Over the past few years nasal cytology has been rarely used in pediatrics, nevertheless its clinical and scientific applications seem to be very promising. The advantages of this technique are different: the ease of performance, the noninvasiveness allowing repetition and the low cost. We evaluated 100 children, from 2 to 15 years old, referred to our outpatient service for allergic children for suspected allergic rhinitis (AR). After skin prick test (SPT) or Radio Allergo Sorbent Test (RAST), 59/100 subjects were classified as affected by AR, while 8 children refused to be tested. According to ARIA guidelines, the 59 children with AR (4 - 15 years old) were divided in 56 with persistent AR and 3 with an intermittent form. Nine out of 59 children with AR had a significant number of neutrophils and eosinophils at the nasal cytology, documenting the presence of “minimal persistent inflammation”. Eleven out of 59 AR patients showed a positive swab for bacteria. Children with nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) were 33/100 (2 - 15 years old). After nasal cytology, 17/33 children were classified as NARES (nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophils), including one X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) child, 1/33 as NARESMA (nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophils and mast cell) and another 1/33 as NARMA (nonallergic rhinitis with mast cell). In conclusion, nasal cytology allowed us to correctly classify children with NAR and to better assess the condition of children with AR.

关键词： Allergic rhinitis Children Nasal Cytology Nonallergic rhinitis X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia

Analysis of Forkhead Box Protein-3 (Foxp3) in Allergic rhinitis Patients

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2018年第4期7卷 228-236页

作者： Bambang Suprayogi Resi Utomo Mochammad Hatta Sutji Pratiwi Muhammad Nasrum Massi Lina Marlina Erica Gilda Minawati Simanjuntak Department of Ear Nose and Throat Faculty of Medicine Indonesia Christian University of Jakarta Jakarta Indonesia Molecular Biology and Immunology Laboratory for Infection Diseases Faculty of Medicine University of Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia Department of Ear Nose and Throat Faculty of Medicine University of Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia Department of Anesthesiology Faculty of Medicine Indonesia Christian University of Jakarta Jakarta Indonesia

Background: A new concept in understanding allergic diseases is regulatory T cells (Tregs), which control the immune reaction caused by Th2 cytokine production. Forkhead Box Protein 3 (FoxP3) is a marker that has a critical role in the development and function of Tregs. Some studies found differences in FoxP3 level and in Tregs capacity to control immune reactions in allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate FoxP3 level in Allergic rhinitis (AR) patients compared to atopic and healthy/normal persons in Jakarta. Methodology: This study used observation to analyze the level of FoxP3 in AR, atopic and healthy/normal persons, and used ELISA to measure the FoxP3 level. Results: The study had sixty participants divided into three groups: 21 in the Normal group, 16 in the Atopic group, and 23 in the AR group. The mean FoxP3 levels were 0.81 ± 0.35 in the normal group, 3.42 ± 0.15 in the atopic group, and 3.40 ± 0.13 in the AR group. Statistical analysis with Mann-Whitney tests indicated significant differences, with AR and atopic groups having higher FoxP3 levels than the normal group, (p = 0.001), and no statistically significant differences between the AR and atopic groups, (p = 0.92). Conclusion: Our study results suggested that FoxP3 was active in the control of inflammatory processes due to allergies, and decrease level of FoxP3 indicated severe AR, but suggested another mechanism caused differences in the clinical phenotypes of AR and atopic patients, despite them having equally high levels of FoxP3.

关键词： Allergic rhinitis Atopic Regulator T Cells FoxP3 ELISA

The Role of Cytokine Interleukin-2, Transcription Factor of FoxP3 in the Immunological Regulation of Allergic rhinitis

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2018年第1期7卷 7-19页

作者： Bambang Suprayogi Resi Utomo Mochammad Hatta Robert H. Sirait Sutji Pratiwi Muhammad Nasrum Massi Department of Ear Nose and Throat Faculty of Medicine Indonesia Christian University of Jakarta Jakarta Indonesia Molecular Biology and Immunology Laboratory for Infection Diseases Faculty of Medicine University of Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia Department of Anesthesiology Faculty of Medicine Indonesia Christian University of Jakarta Jakarta Indonesia Department of Ear Nose and Throat Faculty of Medicine University of Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine University of Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the inflammation of nasal mucosa due to the type 1 hypersensitivity reactions mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) and triggered by certain allergens. The latest concept in allergic disease is the role of regulatory T cells (Treg). Interleukin-2 enhances the function and survival of Treg to perform its function as a controller of effector for forming a tolerant system by suppressing and regulating the homeostasis system. Treg has a transcription factor FoxP3 which plays a role in developing major function of Treg and progression to produce IL-10 and TGF-?. The atopic diseases are caused by a deficiency of Treg. The new perspective is low-dose IL-2 therapy towards autoimmune disease and allergic inflammation. Low-dose IL-2 therapy requires further clinical studies to optimize the dose, time, and the schedule of the IL-2 treatment. FoxP3 has the potential to assist in evaluating the active process of immunological process, which cannot be evaluated by Th1 and Th2 markers, and FoxP3 can be a successful immunotherapy marker.

关键词： Allergic rhinitis Interleukin-2 FoxP3

OBSERVATION OF REMOTE AND RECENT THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF ACUPOINT-THREAD EMBEDDING, WESTERN MEDICINE OR ALLIED THERAPY ON PERENNIAL ALLERGIC rhinitis

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World Journal of Acupuncture-Moxibustion 2006年第3期16卷 13-18页

作者：张世平陈丽仪罗瑞莲郭元琦吴文毅 No.4 Affiliated Hospital to Medical College of Jinan University No.2 Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of TCM

Objective: The comparison of the remote and recent therapeutic effects on perennial allergic rhinitis was carried on among single application of acupoint-thread embedding, western medicine (certirizine+flixonase) and allied therapy. Method: Ninety cases were randomized into thread-embedding group, western medicine group and embedding+western medicine group (allied-therapy group), 30 cases in each one. In thread embedding group, Yingxiang (迎香 LI 20) and Feishu (肺俞 BL 13) were selected for thread embedding, once a week, totally 4 treatments were required. In western medicine group, certirizine tablet 10 mg in combination with flixonase sprayer was applied once per day, continuously for 30 days in treatment. In allied-therapy group, both of the above methods were adopted continuously for 30 days in treatment. The therapeutic effects were in statistics at the end of treatment and 1 year later. Results: At the end of treatment, in thread-embedding group, 21 cases were remarkably effective, 3 cases effective and 6 cases no effect. In western medicine group, 20 cases were remarkably effective, 3 cases effective and 7 cases no effect. In allied-therapy group, 23 cases were remarkably effective, 2 cases effective and 5 cases no effect. It was shown in statistics that there was no significant difference in therapeutic effects among three groups ( P>0.05 ). But one year after the end of treatment, it was indicated that in thread-embedding group, 3 cases were remarkably effective, 10 cases effective and 17 cases no effect; in western medicine group, 2 cases were remarkably effective, 9 cases effective and 19 cases no effect; in allied-therapy group, 7 cases were remarkably effective, 11 cases effective and 12 cases no effect. The significant difference in the therapeutic effects had not been presented in the comparison between thread-embedding group and western medicine group (P>0.05), but that had been presented between allied-therapy group with either of the groups with singl

关键词： rhinitis Allergic Perennial Thread embedding Randomize

Increased oxidative stress and altered antioxidants status in patients with chronic allergic rhinitis

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第7期3卷 951-956页

作者： Shiefa Sequeira Ashalatha V. Rao Anjali Rao Department of Biochemistry K. S. Hegde Medical Accademy Deralakatte Mangalore India Department of Biochemistry Kasturba Medical College Manipal India Department of Biochemistry SRL Diagnostics Dubai UAE

Background: Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disorder of the upper airways. Although several oxidants and antioxidants are likely to be involved, alterations in only limited parameters have been studied. Objective: In this study an attempt has been made to study the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance by investigating changes in a wide range of oxidants and antioxidants in the blood. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 39 chronic allergic rhinitis patients (males 24, females 15), aged 20-70 (mean age 36.33 ± 2.03) years and 53 individuals (36 males, 17 females);aged 24 to 64 (mean age 45.42 ± 1.36) years. Duration of allergic rhinitis was 1.77 ± 0.237 years. In the study group, nasal symptoms were scored and the results were recorded. The patients were classified as having perennial Allergic rhinitis (PAR) if they had had at least 2 rhinitis symptoms (sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, itching) for at least 6 months a year in the previous 2 years and if they had a positive skin prick test response to at least 1 clinically significant perennial allergen (e.g., house dust mites, molds, cockroach, cockroach excrement grass and tree pollen, cat and dog epithelia and molds, or animal dander). They had no other allergic diseases except persistent allergic rhinitis diagnosed by the physical and history examination. Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte antioxidants viz., glutathione, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and plasma antioxidants viz., ceruloplasmin, glutathione-S-transferase, vitamin C, total antioxidant activity were estimated in the above two groups. Results: Erythrocyte lipid peroxidation (0 hour, p rhinitis patients when compared to controls. Plasma Glutathione S transferase and erythrocyte catalase, glu

关键词： Oxidative Stress Antioxidant Status Chronic Allergic rhinitis

Sublingual immunotherapy for pediatric allergic rhinitis: The clinical evidence

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2016年第1期5卷 47-56页

作者： Dimitri Poddighe Amelia Licari Silvia Caimmi Gian Luigi Marseglia Department of Pediatrics Azienda Ospedaliera di Melegnano Department of Pediatrics Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo - Univerista’ degli Studi

Allergic rhinitis affect 10%-20% of pediatric population and it is caused by the Ig E-sensitization to environmental allergens, most importantly grass pollens and house dust mites. Allergic rhinitis can influence patient's daily activity severely and may precede the development of asthma, especially if it is not diagnosed and treated correctly. In addition to subcutaneous immunotherapy, sublingual immunotherapy(SLIT) represents the only treatment being potentially able to cure allergic respiratory diseases, by modulating the immune system activity. This review clearly summarizes and analyzes the available randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trials, which aimed at evaluating the effectiveness and the safety of grass pollen and house dust mite SLIT for the specific treatment of pediatric allergic rhinitis. Our analysis demonstrates the good evidence supporting the efficacy of SLIT for allergic rhinitis to grass pollens in children, whereas trials regarding pediatric allergic rhinitis to house dust mites present lower quality, although several studies supported its usefulness.

关键词： Allergic rhinitis Grass pollen allergy House dust mite allergy Sublingual immunotherapy

Effects of ephedra asarum aconite decoction on Th1/Th2 balance in two animal models of allergic rhinitis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2017年第3期4卷 261-271页

作者： Min Liu Wenting Ji Liye Pan Qingguo Wang Gang Zhou Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029China

Objective:Ephedra asarum aconite decoction is used in the clinical treatment of allergic *** investigated the effects of ephedra asarum aconite decoction on Th1/Th2 balance in two animal models of allergic rhinitis and in activated T cells in ***:Animal models of simple and compound kidney yang deficiency types of allergic rhinitis were treated with ephedra asarum aconite decoction to observe the efficacy of this traditional Chinese medicine formula on allergic symptoms,serum cytokines,and tissue RNA *** also cultured and activated T cells from the *** treatment with ephedra asarum aconite decoction,we tested the proliferation and differentiation of T ***:Ephedra asarum aconite decoction relieved allergy symptoms in both types of animal models,and was more effective in the compound kidney yang deficiency model In addition to its anti-allergic efficacy,ephedra asarum aconite decoction significantly improved the health status of animals in the compound kidney yang deficiency groups,significantly made their bodyweight rising up,and significantly increased the T-bet mRNA/GATA-3 mRNA ***,ephedra asarum aconite decoction promoted the proliferation of activated T cells and inhibited the differentiation to Th2 cells in ***:Ephedra asarum aconite decoction regulates the balance of Th1/Th2 to ameliorate allergic conditions.

关键词： Ephedra asarum aconite decoction Th1/Th2 Allergic rhinitis Guinea pigs