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progress in Human Brain Banking in China

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 179-182页

作者： Chao Ma Ai-Min Bao Xiao-Xin Yan Dick F. Swaab Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Human Anatomy Histol-ogy and Embryology Neuroscience Center Joint Laboratory of Anesthesia and Pain School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital Institute of Neuroscience NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyZhejiang University School of Medicine Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Central South University School of Basic Medical Science Department Neuropsychiatric Disorders Netherlands Insti-tute for Neuroscience an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences

Human brain banks collect,preserve,and distribute postmortem and biopsied brain samples for histological,pathological,and molecular research.Different from the western countries,human brain banking in China has remained preliminary over decades.However,joint efforts during the past few years have substantially promoted this key frontier of neuroscience in China.This special topic brings together review and perspective articles on the ethical,administrative,and practical issues of brain banking.Several original studies report molecular and pathological characterizations based on banked human brain samples.

关键词： collect progress Banking

progress on the application of electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on nanomaterials

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第9期30卷 1600-1606页

作者： Zhaoxia Shi Gongke Li Yufei Hu School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence, also known as electrochemiluminescence, abbreviated ECL, is a new technology combining electrochemistry and chemiluminescence. It is generated by high-energy electrons generated on the surface of the electrode in the emission process of excited state photons formed in the transfer process, and is a perfect combination of electrochemistry and spectroscopy. It not only has the advantages of good environment, high luminosity and wide dynamic range, but also has the characteristics of simple, stable and practical electrochemical methods, and nearly zero background signals. With the rapid development of nanomaterials, due to their unique electrical properties, large specific surface area, good biocompatibility and other characteristics, various nanomaterials have been widely used in the field of biosensors and sensitive detection. This review presented a general description of the research status of four different types of biosensors from the last decade years, summarized the application forms of nanomaterials in ECL biosensor, and outlines the building patterns and application example of the four main types of biosensors.

关键词： Electrochemiluminescence Nanomaterials Disease diagnosis Biosensor Quantitative determination Application progress

Kidney disease in China： recent progress and prospects

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第17期122卷 2048-2053页

作者： YU Xue-qing WEI Jia-li Department of Nephrology First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-senUniversity Guangzhou Guangdong 510080 China

Kidney disease is a worldwide public health problem.The prevalence of end-stage renal disease （ESRD）, a final outcome of kidney disease, has increased progressively in the past decades and has emerged as a great burden to the healthcare system in China. Glomerulonephritis is still the most common cause of ESRD in China. However, the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension are increasing dramatically. There are modifiable risk factors for the development of progressive renal dysfunction. The challenge is to identify the disease and deliver effective therapies at the right time with the right tools. In the last two years,

关键词： kidney disease progress China

Eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HBV:progress and challenges in China

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Frontiers of Medicine 2020年第1期14卷 21-29页

作者： Wenzhan Jing Jue Liu Min Liu Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

China has the world’s largest burden of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection,but the country has made considerable progress in preventing its mother-to-child transmission(MTCT)in the past three decades.This feat is made possible due to the high coverage of birth-dose hepatitis B vaccine(HepB,>95%),hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)screening for pregnant women(>99%),and hepatitis B immunoglobulin plus HepB for newborns whose mothers are HBsAg positive(>99%).Studies on the optimal antiviral treatment regimen for pregnant women with high HBV-DNA load have also been conducted.However,China still faces challenges in eliminating MTCTof HBV.The overall HBsAg prevalence among pregnant women is considered an intermediate endemic.The prevalence of HBsAg among pregnant women from remote,rural,or ethnic minority areas is higher than that of the national level because of limited health resources and public health education for HBV.The coverage for maternal and child healthcare and immunization services should be improved,especially in western regions.Integration of current services to prevent MTCTof HBV with other relevant health services can increase the acceptability,efficiency,and coverage of these services,particularly in remote areas and ethnic minority areas.By doing so,progress toward key milestones and targets to eliminate hepatitis B as the main public health threat by 2030 can be achieved.

关键词： hepatitis B virus mother-to-child transmission progress challenge

progress in electrical energy storage system:A critical review

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progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第3期19卷 291-312页

作者： Thang Ngoc Cong Institute of Particle Science and Engineering University of Leeds

Electrical energy storage technologies for stationary applications are reviewed. Particular attention is paid to pumped hydroelectric storage, compressed air energy storage, battery, flow battery, fuel cell, solar fuel, superconducting magnetic energy storage, flywheel, capacitor/supercapacitor, and thermal energy storage. Comparison is made among these technologies in terms of technical characteris- tics, applications and deployment status.

关键词： progress Electrical energy storage

Research progress on the Risk Factors and Outcomes of Human Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第6期130卷 722-729页

作者： Xiang-Dong Xiong Wei-Dong Xiong Shang-Shen Xiong Gui-Hai Chen Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui 230022 China Department of Neurology Lu'an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (People's Hospital of Lu'an City) Lu'an Anhui 237005 China High and New Technology Group Office Hefei National Level High and New Technology Development Zone Hefei Anhui 230088 China Department of Neurology The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University Chaohu Anhui 238000 China

Objective： Atherosclerosis is an inflamrnatory process that results in complex lesions or plaques that protrude into the arterial lumen. Carotid atherosclerotic plaque rupture, with distal atheromatous debris embolization, causes cerebrovascular events. This review aimed to explore research progress on the risk factors and outcomes of human carotid atherosclerotic plaques, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of human carotid atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability for therapeutic intervention. Data Sources： We searched the PubMed database for recently published research articles up to June 2016, with the key words of＂risk factors＂, ＂outcomes＂, ＂＇blood components＂, ＂molecular mechanisms＂, ＂cellular mechanisms＂, and ＂human carotid atherosclerotic plaques＂. Study Selection： The articles, regarding the latest developments related to the risk factors and outcomes, atherosclerotic plaque composition, blood components, and consequences of human carotid atherosclerotic plaques, and the molecular and cellular mechanisms of human carotid atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability for therapeutic intervention, were selected. Results： This review described the latest researches regarding the interactive effects of both traditional and novel risk factors for human carotid atherosclerotic plaques, novel insights into human carotid atherosclerotic plaque composition and blood components, and consequences of human carotid atherosclerotic plaque. Conclusion： Carotid plaque biology and serologic biomarkers of vulnerability can be used to predict the risk ofcerebrovascular events. Furthermore, plaque composition, rather than lesion burden, seems to most predict rupture and subsequent thrombosis.

关键词： Human Carotid Atherosclerosis Outcomes Plaques progress Risk Factors

Major progress in the natural gas exploration and development in the past seven decades in China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2019年第6期46卷 1100-1110页

作者： DAI Jinxing QIN Shengfei HU Guoyi NI Yunyan GAN Lideng HUANG Shipeng HONG Feng PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China

China has made significant progress in the exploration and development of natural gas in the past 70 years,from the gas-poor country to the world’s sixth largest gas production country.In 1949,the annual gas output in China was 1117×104 m3,the proved gas reserves were 3.85×108 m3,and the average annual gas consumption and available reserves of per person were 0.0206 m3 and 0.7107 m3,respectively.By 2018,the average domestic annual gas production per person was 114.8576 m3 and the reserves were 12011.08 m3,and the average domestic annual gas production and reserves per person in the past 70 years increased by 5575 times and 16900 times,respectively.The exploration and development of large gas fields is the main way to rapidly develop the natural gas industry.72 large gas fields have been discovered in China so far,mainly distributed in three basins,Sichuan(25),Ordos(13)and Tarim(10).In 2018,the total gas production of the large gas fields in these three basins was 1039.26×108 m3,accounting for 65%of the total gas production in China.By the end of 2018,the cumulative proved gas reserves of the 72 large gas fields had amounted to 124504×108 m3,accounting for 75%of the total national gas reserves(16.7×1012 m3).New theories of natural gas have promoted the development of China’s natural gas industry faster.Since 1979,the new theory of coal-derived gas has boosted the discovery of gas fields mainly from coal-measure source rocks in China.In 2018,the gas production of large coal-derived gas fields in China accounted for 50.93%and 75.47%of the total national gas production and total gas production of large gas fields,respectively.Guided by shale gas theories,shale gas fields such as Fuling,Changning,Weiyuan and Weirong have been discovered.In 2018,the total proved geological reserves of shale gas were 10455.67×108 m3,and the annual gas production was 108.8×108 m3,demonstrating a good prospect of shale gas in China.

关键词： China natural gas coal-derived gas shale gas gas production gas reserves exploration and development progress

progress in schistosomiasis control in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 1999年第10期112卷 66-69页

作者：陈名刚 Institute of Parasitic Disease Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine and WHO Collaboration Centre for Malaria Schistosomiasis and Filariasis Shanghai 200025 China

To briefly review schistosomiasis situation in the past, progress in the control program and problems to be solved Data sources Data from literature published at home and abroad on the control and research of schistosomiasis in China in biomedical journals and monographs, and a few data from the Office of Endemic Diseases Control, Ministry of Health, are collected Study selection Information on this topic are screened and the important ones are selected Results Schistosomiasis in China was serious Through hard work for control for half decade, great progress has been achieved after implementation of the control program Control approaches are introduced Compared with data in the early 1950s, endemic provinces decreased from 12 to 5, infected persons, from more than 10 million to around 865?000, and the areas of Oncomelania snail habitats, from 14 billion m 2 to 3 6 billion m 2 Proportion of symptomatic patients among those infected has a significant reduction The national criteria for control and elimination of schistosomiasis in China are introduced Conclusions The achievements of schistosomiasis control are tremendous but the tasks in China are arduous Especially after last year's heavy flood, areas of snail habitats are increasing To consolidate the success and to put the still endemic areas under control are long term and arduous tasks confronting China

关键词： echistomaisis control progress Schishosoma japonicum

progress in Joining Ceramics to Metals

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2006年第2期13卷 1-5页

作者： ZHANG Yong FENG Di HE Zhi-yong CHEN Xi-chun High Temperature Materials Research Institute Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China

The research and development of joining methods of ceramics to metals, especially brazing, diffusion bonding and partial transition liquid phase bonding, were introduced. Some opinions were put forward. For new composites emerging, it is necessary to develop new joining methods, particularly in the field of high temperature technique for joining ceramics to superalloys.

关键词： ceramic metal joining progress