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Index Calculation and Analysis of China's pesticide Import and Export During 2011-2020

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Rice science 2021年第5期28卷 417-421,I0002,I0003页

作者： Shangguan Shuangyue Fang Xiangming Chen Yu He Zixuan Zhou Ruyin Qu Mengmeng Cao Bingwei Wu Lihui Huang Xinhe Wu Houbin Academy of Global Food Economics and Policy China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Public Health Georgia State UniversityAtlanta 30303United States of America lnstitute for the Control of Agrochemicals Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100125China Shennong Technology Group Co. Ltd.Shanxi 030813China

Using the trade data from the General Administration of Customs of China between January 2011 and December 2020,we estimated the index for China's pesticide import and export,including annual import and export pesticide price index,quantity index and value *** also calculated the terms of trade(TOT)of pesticide in total and by trade ***,China's import and export value indices of pesticide showed N-shape trends during 2011-2020,and the trend of the export value index was mainly affected by the changes in the export price index.

关键词： price Export pesticide

Genetically modified(GM)rice versus non-GM rice:pesticide use and yield

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第5期63卷 785-787页

作者： Fangbin Qiao Ruifa Hu Jikun Huang China Economics and Management Academy Central University of Finance and EconomicsBeijing 100081China School of Management and Economics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Economics and Management Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100089China

Dear Editor,The economic benefits of genetically modified(GM)crops have been well-documented in the literature(Huang et al.,2002;Huang et al.,2005;Qiao,2015;Qiao et al.,2016).Previous studies showed that the global economic gain that the GM crops had generated at the farm level approximated 100 billion USD in 1996-2011(Brookes and Barfoot,2013).More importantly,this significant benefit had helped dozens of millions of farmers,with most of them being small poor farmers in developing *** their high profitability and other benefits,GM crops had been widely adopted in the *** 2015,the cumulative sown area for GM crops reached 2 billion hm2,with GM crops being grown in 28 countries(James,2015).

关键词： crops modified pesticide

Hydrolytic　dynamics　of　pesticide　N＇－（2，4－dimethylphenyl）－N－methylformamidine　in　aquatic　solution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1996年第2期8卷 185-190页

作者： Mo Hanhong Yang Kewu An Fengchun Liu Ye (Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China) Res. Ctr. for Eco-Environ. Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

The hydrolytic dynamics of pesticide N' -(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamidine (DMA) in aquatic solution and its degradation in simulated aquatic ecosystem were investigated. The results showed that the compound was not very stable in aqueous solution and easily decomposed in alkaline solution. It was stable below pH5 and there was obvious tendency that the compound was easily decomposed when PH was greater than 6. The reaction rate constant of DMA increased with increasing of either pH value Or temperature of reaction medium. The half-life values of hydrolysis for DMA at 25℃ were 15. 92 days at pH 6, and 1. 40 days at pH 9 , respectively. The temperature coefficient and activation energy of hydrolysis for DMA was 2. 9 and 78. 74kJ. mol-1 , respectively. The degradation of DMA in simulated aquatic ecosystem was similar to that in buffer solution in the laboratory. The half-life values of degradation for DMA at 26℃ in simulated aquatic ecosystem were 3. 23 days at pH 9. 13 and 1. 41 days at pH 8. 28 , respectively.

关键词： pesticide N'- ( 2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamidine hydrolysis degradation.

Genotoxicity of the pesticide Dichlorvos and Herbicide Butachlor on Rana zhenhaiensis Tadpoles

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Asian Herpetological Research 2010年第2期1卷 118-122页

作者： GENG Baorong LIN Ling ZHANG Qiujin ZHONG Bijin College of Life Sciences Fujian Normal University Higher Education Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology Fujian Normal University

Genotoxicity of dichlorvos and butachlor on erythrocytes of Rana zhenhaiensis tadpoles was investigated by the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis assay or comet *** were treated for 24h in the laboratory with different concentrations of the testing agents,2.256,4.512,6.768,9.024,11.280mg/L for dichlorvos and 0.292,0.584,0.876,1.168,1.460mg/L for butachlor,to use the comet Assay to test for the significance of dosage responsiveness to an increase in DNA damage,asmeasured by themean DNA tail length-to-width *** concentrations of 4.512mg/L dichlorvos and 0.876mg/L butachlor resulted in highly significant increases in DNA damage of the *** were linear correlations between themean DNA tail length-to-width ratio and the concentrations of the two test *** results showed that the two commonly used agricultural chemicals caused dose dependent DNA damage of amphibians,and that comet assaymight be a useful tool formeasuring DNA damage of tadpoles exposed in the field.

关键词： comet assay dichlorvos butachlor DNA damage pesticide herbicide Rana zhenhaiensis

Fate　of　pesticide　N’-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamide　hydrochloride　in　simulated　aquatic　ecosystem

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1997年第3期9卷 119-122页

作者： Yang Kewu, Mo Hanhong, An Fengchun Research Center for Eco Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100085, China

The degradation and fate of pesticide N' (2,4 dimethylphenyl) N methylformamidine hydrochloride in simulated aquatic ecosystem were investigated. The results showed that the pesticide was not stable in simulated aquatic ecosystem with pH value of 7.4—8.9 and water temperature of 18.0—26.5℃. In the first 9 days, 95% of DMAH was disappeared, whereas the concentration of its degradation product 2,4 dimethylformanilide increased with time and was of a maximum value at about 9 days and then decreased. The concentration of 2, 4 dimethylaniline, which is another degradation product of DMAH, nearly did not change in the early of experiment. However, it decreased rapidly after 9 days. The experiment lasted 51 days. At the end of experiment, there were no N' 2, 4 dimethylphenyl) N methylformamidine, 2, 4 dimethylformanilide and 2, 4 dimethylaniline detected in water, but they were all detected in the sediment and water grass, and the total amount of them covered 2%—3% of application amount of DMAH. It indicated that water grass and sediment could absorb and concentrate these compounds.

关键词： pesticide N' (2,4 dimethylphenyl) N methylformamidine hydrochloride hydrolysis 2,4 dimethylformanilide 2,4 dimethylaniline.

pesticide Prices Stable in 1H

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China Chemical Reporter 2010年第19期21卷 16-17页

With impacts from extreme climate conditionssuch as drought,cold weather andstorms,and price fluctuations of rawmaterials,the pesticide market in China wasstill in oversupply in the first half of *** prices were up for some varietiesand down for others,but overall,prices *** to the increasingly short supply ofphosphorus,the price of yellowphosphorus,a major raw material for organophosphoruspesticides,stopped goingfurther down and started to pick up

关键词： prices pesticide stopped ingredient extreme drough

pesticide and Nutrient Loads of Lake Bosomtwe in the Ashanti Region of Ghana

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第10期13卷 794-806页

作者： Collins Kuffour David Kofi Essumang Hugh Komla Akotoye Richard Amankwah Kuffour Janice Dwomoh Abraham Department of Environmental Health and Sanitation Education Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Mampong Ashanti Region Ghana School of Physical Sciences University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Central Region Ghana Department of Environmental Science University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Central Region Ghana Department of Biological Sciences Education Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development Mampong Ashanti Region Ghana

Pollution of Lake Bosomtwe is a major concern in Ghana due to its derived socio-economic benefits such as employment, ecotourism and major protein source to the people in the basin. Besides these benefits, the lake water is used for domestic purposes and has since served as the drinking water source to the people. However, the use of agrochemicals within the basin has intensified within the last decade. The problems associated with fertilizer and pesticide use in the Bosomtwe basin seem to carry with it a higher price, which, if not identified and checked, will overshadow the desired benefits of the lake. This study assesses pesticide and nutrient loads of Lake Bosomtwe in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Fifty-four (54) lake water samples were collected from September 2016 to February 2017. pesticide samples were extracted using the solid phase extraction method and GCMS to identify the pesticides present in the water samples and determine their loads. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Product Service Solutions (SPSS version 20) for descriptive statistics. The concentration of dichlorvos was a bit lower when compared with the WHO/USEPA guidelines of 5 ppb for surface water. Diazinon had a mean concentration of 0.28 ± 0.03 ppb which was higher than the WHO 0.05 ppb and USEPA 0.04 ppb for surface water bodies. The detection of diazinon confirms the findings from the field survey, which revealed that diazinon, is an active ingredient of a pesticide with a trade name “Akate suro”, which was extensively used by cocoa farmers along the banks of the lake. The mean concentration recorded for nitrate and phosphate were 0.15 ± 0.05 mg/L and 0.40 ± 0.12 mg/L respectively. The pesticides application inventory and implications of pesticide and nutrient loads on the lake are discussed in the paper.

关键词： Organochlorine Organophosphorus pesticide Fertilizer Bosomtwe

pesticide Enterprises Enhance Social Responsibility

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China Chemical Reporter 2010年第19期21卷 26-27页

In China,the pesticide industry is not a bigindustry but absolutely a very important *** 2009,due to the global economic crisis andthe impact of China’s market downturn,aswell as because of the alleviation of pest hazardsand the rise of raw materials prices,themarket price of pesticides fell to the bottomin China,forcing many Chinese pesticide com-

关键词： pesticide downturn prices absolutely shares slight

pesticide Enterprises Should Make Rational Readjustment

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China Chemical Reporter 2009年第16期20卷 34-35页

The global financial crisis has had considerable impact on the pesticide sector in *** amount of pesticides exported from Chinadeclined notably in the fourth quarter of *** export volume and the export value ofpesticides in December 2008 were 34% andnearly 30% lower than the same period of2007. The pesticide market is in a state ofsustained slackness. Most pesticide enterprises have cut back production. Due to capital shortage, some small enterprises have beenforced to suspend production. The impact ofthe global financial crisis is still worsening. Inface of this severe situation, pesticide enterprises need to make rational *** in this way can the "crisis" be turnedinto "opportunity."

关键词： pesticide quarter sector exported shortage notably