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Foraging habitat selection of overwintering Black-necked Cranes in the farming area surrounding the Caohai Wetland, Guizhou Province, China

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Avian Research 2020年第1期11卷 74-82页

作者： Dawei Wu Canshi Hu Mingming Zhang Zhumei Li Haijun Su Forestry College Guizhou UniversityGuizhou 550025China Research Center for Biodiversity and Natural Conservation Guizhou UniversityGuizhou 550025China College of Life Sciences Guizhou UniversityGuizhou 550025China Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Guizhou University) Ministry of EducationGuizhou 550025China Guizhou Institute of Biology Guizhou 550005China

Background: Understanding how overwintering birds choose foraging habitats is very important for conservation management. The overwintering Black-necked Crane(Grus nigricollis) feeds on crop remains in farmlands;thus, reasonable conservation management of this type of farmland that surrounds wetlands is critical for the overwintering populations of the Black-necked Crane;however, it is not clear how the Black-necked Crane chooses the foraging land in the ***: A thorough field positioning survey of all foraging sites in farmland areas around the Caohai Wetland and a-sampling analysis of habitat selection by the Black-necked Crane were conducted during the winters from 20162017 and ***: Multiple factors contributed to the selection of foraging habitat in farmlands, i.e., food factors(crop remains and tillage methods) > human disturbance factors(distance to road and settlement) > topography factors(slope aspect), listed according to the strength of influence. Additionally, Black-necked Cranes tend to choose farmland sites where there was no machine tillage, the crop remains were > 500 g/m^2, the distance to residences ranged from 100 to 500 m, the distance to roads ranged from 50 to 100 m, and the slopes exhibited western or eastern aspects. As the winters progressed, the volume of the edible crop remains declined, and the influences of the other main factors also changed, i.e., the factors of human disturbance(distance to road and settlement) became less important, while the effect of the food factor(crop remains) was strengthened. Thus, the foraging sites near the road became more ***: The farming area surrounding the Caohai Wetland is very important for the overwintering Black-necked Crane. Food factors and human disturbance factors are the main factors that influence the choice of feeding ground.

关键词： Black-necked Crane Caohai wetland in Guizhou Farmland around the wetland Foraging habitat selection overwintering period

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Effects of overwintering on the Survival and Vector Competence of Aedes albopictus in the Urban Life Cycle of Dengue Virus in Guangzhou,China

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第4期36卷 755-761页

作者： Yue Chen Ronghua Chen Jianrong Gao Chunyuan Li Jun Liu Zhijian Zhou Ruiwen Ren Center for Disease Prevention and Control of the Southern Theatre Command of the PLA Guangzhou510507China Guangdong Arbovirus Diseases Emergency Technology Research Center Guangzhou510507China

The Pearl River Delta,where Aedes albopictus(***)is the only vector for dengue transmission,has exhibited one of the highest dengue burdens in southern China in recent ***,whether dengue virus(DENV)can overwinter in *** in the Pearl River Delta has not been determined to *** this study,300 field-derived *** mosquitoes from Guangzhou that were infected with the predominant endemic DENV-1 strain were investigated under simulated urban balcony environment from October 16,2016,to June 16,*** vertical transmission of DENV in the infected overwintering *** was *** DENV infected overwintering mosquitoes were evaluated for viral load at nine-time points using reverse transcription-quantitative *** vector competence of the infected overwintering *** was also investigated by using suckling *** mosquitoes and larvae were found during the observation *** vertical transmission of DENV-1 was *** DENV-1-positive rates between overwintering males and females had no *** proportion of DENV-1-positive overwintering mosquitoes decreased over time and had no difference beyond three months after the *** mosquitoes can spread DENV-1 to *** engorged mosquitoes at an ambient temperature below 15℃were *** ratio of engorged mosquitoes was positively correlated with the ambient temperature ranging from 15 to 30℃.Our results demonstrated that DENV can overwinter in *** in the Pearl River Delta,*** is the competent vector for DENV,and maintain autochthonous dengue outbreaks in the Pearl River Delta through vertical transmission.

关键词： Dengue virus(DENV) Aedes albopictus overwintering Vertical transmission Subtropical region

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Modeling of the overwintering distribution of Puccinia striiformis *** based on meteorological data from 2001 to 2012 in China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014年第3期1卷 223-235页

作者： Xiaojing WANG Zhanhong MA Yuying JIANG Shouding SHI Wancai LIU Juan ZENG Zhiwei ZHAO Haiguang WANG College of Agriculture and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center Ministry of AgricultureBeijing 100125China China Animal Agriculture Association Beijing 100028China

Wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis *** occurs widely in China and seriously affects wheat *** warming could profoundly impact the incidence and prevalence of lowtemperature diseases such as stripe *** on the effects of temperature on the distribution of overwintering stripe rust could help us understand the incidence and prevalence of the disease and could also provide support for monitoring,forecasting and developing control *** exponential model and a spherical model of the ordinary Kriging method in the ArcGIS platform were used to predict the overwintering regions of stripe rust based on the probability that the average temperature of the coldest month from December to February was higher than–6 or–7°C from 2001 to *** results showed that the areas with a probability between 70%and 90%were transition regions for the overwintering of stripe *** on annual mean temperature of the coldest month from December to February for 2001 to 2012,overwintering distribution of stripe rust was likewise *** boundary for overwintering of stripe rust was consistent with the areas where the probability was predicted to be 70%to 90%for the overwintering distribution of stripe rust,but the boundary was shifted northward toward Beijing in North *** areas in Xinjiang,including Akto,Pishan,Hotan and Yutian,were also predicted to be suitable for the overwintering of stripe rust.

关键词： stripe rust wheat overwintering geospatial distribution geographic information system climate change

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Comparison of Different Cultivars of Blueberry overwintering Ability in Qingdao of China

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第3期3卷 391-396页

作者： Wan-Ping Liu Shu-Chai Su Xiao Liu Zhi-Xia Hou The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing China

In order to select severe overwintering abilitied blueberry cultivars for cold resistance of annual branches, promoting breeding high quality cultivars, a study had been conducted into field-planting shoots overwintering ability and the relative conductivity, MDA content, SOD of 7 different kinds of blueberries under artificial cooling process. According to survey results, under field conditions, Different cultivars of blueberries showed significantly difference, ranging from 56.67% of Bluegold to 12.80% of Darrow. With the temperature decreasing, changes of relative conductivity, MDA content and SOD in annual branches had a strong regularity and the hardiness of these cultivars is: Northland > Chippewa > Coville > Bluecroup > Darrow > Bluegold > Powderblue.

关键词： Blueberry Cultivars overwintering Ability Annual Branch

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Investigating the Regulation of Hypopharyngeal Gland Activity in Honeybees（Apis mellifera carnica） Under overwintering Conditions via Morphologic Analysis Combined with iTRAQ-Based Comparative Proteomics

Investigating the Regulation of Hypopharyngeal Gland Activit...

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21世纪第三届全国蜂业科技与海峡两岸蜂产业发展大会暨首...

作者： Kang Wang Ting Ji Zheng-Guo Liu Yangzhou University Shandong University

The management of overwintering honeybee colonies is pivotal for the apiculture industry in *** investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the seasonal regulation of the development of Apis mellifera carnica hypopharyngeal gland（HG）,transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and large-scale proteomics（iTRAQ） were employed.A total of 3,025 proteins were identified at two-time points:winter（constituting group A） and early spring（constituting group B）.Among them,24 proteins were quantified and compared to identify their differential expression *** TEM profiles and iTRAQ analysis results might aid in understanding the molecular mechanisms associated with the seasonal changes in honeybee *** example,the acinar cells of spring worker honeybees had more mature ***,the ribosomal structures and protein biosynthesis were ***,the amount of exocrine royal jelly（RJ） produced could not have satisfied the demand of the feeding larvae and *** might suffer reduced immune function during their feeding *** present study elucidates the regulatory mechanisms of HG on overwintering and spring arousal in *** results might provide a practical and theoretical guideline for the overwintering management program of the apicultural industry.

关键词： Apis mellifera overwintering hypopharyngeal gland morphology proteomics differential expression

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Cold acclimation increases Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) survival during exposure to freezing temperatures

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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 531-538页

作者： Xavier Martini Kathi Malfa Dara Stockton Monique JRivera Department of Entomology and Nematology North Florida Research and Education CenterQuincyFloridaUSA USDA-ARS U.S.Pacific Basin Agricultural Research CenterHiloHawaiiUSA Department of Entomology University of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA

The Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri,is the vector of the pathogenic bacteria that causes Huanglongbing,the most devasting disease affecting citrus *** cultivation of citrus tends to expand northward,the tolerance of psyllids to freezing temperatures needs to be *** mortality of *** to cold temperature has been previously studied,much less is known regarding the acclimation potential of psyllids to cold *** first evaluated cold resistance of *** depending on color morph and ***,we compared mortality of *** at−4°C for 10 hours between unacclimated psyllids,psyllids that were gradually acclimated to cold over 1 or 2 weeks,and psyllids intermittently acclimated also for 1 or 2 *** did not find major differences in cold resistance between color morphs and *** found that after 1 week of gradual acclimation,the survival of psyllids at−4°C increased to 86%,compared to 20%in the control *** did not increase after the second week of gradual *** intermittent acclimation improved survival compared to the control group,it was less effective than gradual acclimation with a survival at 30%and 70%after 1 and 2 weeks of acclimation,respectively,although this difference with gradual acclimation was not significant at week *** data show that gradual cold acclimation allows *** to survive brief periods below *** may serve as a mechanism responsible for increasing northern establishment of this pest.

关键词： cold acclimation cold hardy citrus cold resistance citrus greening Diaphorina citri overwintering

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Seasonal and geographical variation in diapause and cold hardiness of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis

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Insect Science 2015年第4期22卷 578-586页

作者： Hai-Cui Xie Dun-Song Li Hong-Gang Zhang Charles E. Mason Zhen-Ying Wang Xin Lu Wan-Zhi Cai Kang-Lai He The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 Department of Entomology China Agriculture University Beijing 100193 The Plant Protection Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 531 S College Ave Rm 250 Newark DE 19716-2160 USA Institute of Plant Protection Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Gongzhuling 136100 Jilin China

Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis （Guenee）, is a key corn pest in the Asian-Western Pacific countries. It overwinters as flail-grown larvae in plant stalks or in a spun-silk covering located in the plant debris in the temperate regions of China. Supercooling point （SCP） and survival rate after low sub-zero temperature treatment were assessed for field-collected populations in the laboratory using a cool bath with a 1 ℃/min cooling rate until -40℃. Mean SCPs were varied among geographical populations, with a significant decline from -22.7℃ of Haikou, the multivoltine tropical population in the south, to -28.5℃ of Gongzhuling, the univoltine temperate population in the northeast of China. In addition, there was more than 1℃ difference in SCP between Gongzhuling univoltine and bivoltine populations that were from the same geographic origin. Mean SCPs of the Guangzhou population fluctuated over the year, with significantly lower SCPs in winter than in other seasons, which correlated with a significantly higher proportion of diapausing larvae in winter than in other seasons. Over 41% of overwintering larvae from the northeast population could withstand to be supercooled for a few minutes to the low sub-zero temperature of-40℃, but only 6.7% of their southern counterparts did so. The findings from this study suggest that O. furnacalis mostly takes advantage of freeze avoidance as diapausing larvae for overwintering in the southern region, whereas it exhibits freeze tolerance in diapause in the northeastern region.

关键词： cold hardiness diapause geographical population Ostriniafurnacalis overwintering seasonality

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Differences in egg hatching time between cyclical and obligate parthenogenetic lineages of aphids

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 135-141页

作者： Charles-Antoine Dedryver Joel Bonhomme Jean-Francois Le Gallic Jean-Christophe Simon Unite Mixte de Recherche IGEPP 1349 INRAIAgrocampus OuestlUniversite Rennes 1Le Rheu cedexFrance

Many aphid species exhibit a variation in reproductive mode which is influenced by winter climate regimes,with cyclical parthenogenetic (CP)lines dominating in cold winter areas (because they produce cold-resistant eggs)and obligate parthenogenetic (OP) ones in mild winter regions (because of their parthenogenetic overwintering).Genetic studies on several aphid species have shown that the OP trait can be transmitted during sexual events involving the 2 types of *** genetic system could be considered as a local safeguarding mechanism for OP alleles in case severe frost would have killed all parthenogenetically overwintering ***,this strategy would only be efficient in restoring local polymorphism in breeding systems if the newly hatched OP recombinants remain competitive over their CP *** this study we compared egg hatching sequences of CP and OP F1 clones from several crosses obtained for 2 cereal aphid species,Sitobion avenae (constant 5℃,8 h of light)and Rhopalosiphum padi (winter outdoor conditions).For ***,we obtained F1 offspring from 6 crosses, involving 4 clones while in *** F1 were obtained from 11 crosses involving 14 clones. We showed that in both species proportions of OP clones were higher in the first half of the progeny relative to the second *** addition,F1 OP clones hatched in the mean about a week earlier than their CP sibs,which gives them a demographic advantage at the start of the growth *** then discussed the consequences of this fitness advantage for the maintenance and spread of the OP trait in aphid populations.

关键词： asexuality diapauses genetic variation insects overwintering strategies reproductive mode

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Impact of cold on the immune system of burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides （Coleoptera： Silphidae）

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Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 443-454页

作者： Arkadiusz Urbanski Elzbieta Czarniewska Edward Baraniak Grzegorz Rosinski Department of Systematic Zoology Department of Animal Physiology and Development Faculty of Biology Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan Poland

Insect overwintering is one of the most astonishing phases of the insect life cycle. Despite vast amounts of knowledge available about the physiological mechanisms of this phenomenon, the impact of stress factors on insect immune system functioning during the winter is still unknown. The aim of this study is to analyze how low temperatures influence the immune system of the beetle Nic＇rophorus vespilloides. The results show that the beetle＇s immune system is differently modulated by cold induced in laboratory settings than that which occurs in natural conditions, Among beetles cultured in conditions similar to summer, low temperatures, did not influence the number of circulating haemocytes, phenoloxidase activity, haemocytes morphology, and percentage ratio of haemocyte types. In these beetles, differences were noted only in the ability of haemocytes to perform phagocytosis. Individuals acclimated in natural conditions in autumn had a higher level of humoral response and a different percentage ratio of haemocyte types. During the winter period, the number of haemocytes in the beetles decreased, but the percentage ratio of phagocytic haemocytes increased. Furthermore, we noted an increase of phenoloxidase activity. Our study also showed mitotic divisions ofhaemocytes in haemolymph collected from burying beetles after cold exposure and from burying beetles collected from natural conditions during autumn and winter. Differences in response to low temperatures in laboratory conditions and the natural environment suggest that the simultaneous presence of other stress factors during winter such as desiccation and starvation have a significant influence on the activity of burying beetle＇s immune system.

关键词： burying beetles cold immune system overwintering phagocytosisphenoloxidase

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Long-Term Effect of Photoperiod, Temperature and Feeding Regimes on the Respiration Rates of Antarctic Krill (<i>Euphausia superba</i>)

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2013年第2期3卷 40-51页

作者： Matthew Brown So Kawaguchi Steven Candy Toshihiro Yoshida Patti Virtue Steve Nicol Australian Antarctic Division Kingston Australia Australian Antarctic Division Kingston Australia Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre Hobart Australia Institute for Antarctic and Marine Studies University of Tasmania Hobart Australia Institute of Antarctic and Southern Ocean Studies University of Tasmania Hobart Australia Institute of Antarctic and Southern Ocean Studies University of Tasmania Hobart Australia Australian Antarctic Division Kingston Australia Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre Hobart Australia

Antarctic krill is thought to undergo an annual cycle of biological processes to cope with seasonal changes in their environment. The question of whether, and to what degree, seasonal environmental parameters such as photoperiod, food availability and temperature govern metabolism in krill is not clear. In this long-term laboratory study, respiration rates were determined in krill incubated under simulated natural light cycle or total darkness, subjected to fed or starved conditions and on krill kept at different temperatures (-1°C, 1°C and 3°C). There was a strong and significant increasing trend of respiration rates with month in all experimental treatments. In August (late winter), the mean respiration rates ranged between 0.22 - 0.35 μL O2 ***-1 for krill in both simulated seasonal light and complete darkness, and 0.25 - 0.26 μL O2 ***-1 for both fed and starved krill. Mean maximal respiration rates were recorded in October and December for all light and feeding treatments (0.46 - 0.56 μL O2 ***-1). Mean respiration rates for krill in the temperature treatments ranged between 0.24 - 0.30 μL O2 ***-1 in September reaching mean maximal rates in November and February (0.60 - 0.71 μL O2 ***-1). The covariate total length of krill was found to be non-significant and there was generally no significant interaction of experimental treatment with month and only for photoperiod comparison was the treatment main effect significant. The dark treatment gave higher respiration rates, and this needs careful interpretation. Results here suggest that, although light, food availability and temperature significantly affect metabolic rates,

关键词： Antarctic Krill Aquarium Maturity Endogenous Rhythm overwintering Strategy

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