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Effect of short neuropeptide F signaling on larval feeding in mythimna separata

Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 417-434页

作者： Mei-Mei Li Qi Yang Li-Hui Chen Yan-Ying Li Jun-Xiang Wu Xiang-Li Xu State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi ProvinceChinaand School of Agricultural Sciences Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangChina

mythimna separata is a notorious phytophagous pest which poses serious threats to cereal crops owing to the gluttony of the *** short neuropeptide F(sNPF)and its receptor sNPFR are involved in a diversity of physiological functions,especially in functions related to feeding in insects,it is a molecular target for pest ***,an sNPF and 2 sNPFRs were identified and cloned from *** analysis revealed that the sNPF and its receptors had a highly conserved RLRFamide C-terminus and 7 transmembrane domains,*** sNPF and its receptor genes were distributed across larval periods and tissues,but 2 receptors had distinct expression *** starvation-induced assay elucidated that sNPF and sNPFR expression levels were downregulated under food deprivation and recovered with subsequent *** interference knockdown of sNPF,sNPFR1,and sNPFR2 by injection of double-stranded RNA into larvae not only suppressed food consumption and increased body size and weight,but also led to decrease of glycogen and total lipid contents,and increase of trehalose compared with double-stranded green fluorescent protein ***,molecular docking was performed on the interaction mode between sNPFR protein and its ligand sNPF based on the 3-dimensional models constructed by AlphaFold;the results indicated that both receptors were presumably activated by the mature peptide *** results revealed that sNPF signaling played a considerably vital role in the feeding regulation of *** and represents a potential control target for this pest.

关键词： feeding regulation mythimna separata pest control target RNA interference short neuropeptide F sNPF receptors

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Disruption of a microvitellogenin gene impairs eggshell formation in mythimna separata

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第11期23卷 3801-3811页

作者： Lingling Li Junhong Fu Changgeng Dai Yuhang Zhou Yang Hu Hongbo Li Institute of Plant Protection Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region School of Agriculture Institute of Entomology Guizhou University Crop Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation in Karst Region Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

Microvitellogenin(mVg) belongs to the lepidopteran-specific lipoprotein＿11 super family and is thought to be involved in insect reproduction. However, the function of mVg in reproduction has not been established. In this study, we identified and characterized MsmVg in mythimna separata, a destructive insect pest of grain crops. MsmVg is comprised of a 1,310 bp open reading frame(ORF) encoding 437 amino acids. Structural analysis showed that MsmVg contains three conserved domains in the lipoprotein＿11 super family, including the all-α-N-terminal domain(NTD), a Pseudomonas putida homologous domain(PPD), and an all-β-C-terminal domain(CTD). MsmVg was highly expressed in mature female adults and enriched in the ovaries of 3-day-old female adults. Disruption of MsmVg by RNA interference did not change the expression of MsmVg, vitellogenin(MsVg) or the vitellogenin receptor(MsVgR) in fat bodies, but it inhibited their transcription in ovaries. Phenotype analysis showed that knockdown of MsmVg did not affect yolk deposition in ovaries, but impaired eggshell formation and led to a reduction in the reproductive capacity. Furthermore, knockdown of MsmVg significantly inhibited the expression of genes associated with eggshell formation(MsChP1-3 and MsFcP3C). Taken together, these data suggest that MsmVg plays an important role in female reproduction by affecting eggshell formation in M. separata, which provides a potential target for managing this insect pest.

关键词： microvitellogenin mythimna separata reproduction RNA interference

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Glomerular organization in the antennal lobe of the oriental armyworm mythimna separata

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第11期23卷 3812-3829页

作者： Baiwei Ma Qi Chen Xi Chu Yidong Zuo Jiayu Wang Yi Yang Guirong Wang Bingzhong Ren Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization School of Life Sciences Northeast Normal University Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology Ministry of Education Northeast Normal University State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chemosensory Lab Department of Psychology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Synthetic Biology Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

In insects, the number and specificity of antennal lobe glomeruli often reflect the number and diversity of expressed chemosensory genes, which are linked to its ecological niche and specific olfactory needs. The oriental armyworm, mythimna separata, is an important and common lepidopteran pest of cereal crops. Given its reliance on the olfactory system for crucial behaviors, understanding the evolutionary potential of this system requires a thorough characterization of the anatomical structure of the primary olfactory center. Here, we systematically identified all antennal lobe glomeruli of M. separata based on synaptic antibody immunostaining and mass staining of the olfactory sensory neurons. A total of 69 glomeruli were identified in females and 65 in males, and an intuitive nomenclature based on glomerular positions was applied. Our findings uncovered some sex-specific glomeruli in this species. There were ten female-specific glomeruli and three male-specific glomeruli, except for the macroglomerular complex(MGC) units, with a notable observation that the female labial pit organ glomerulus was larger than its male counterpart. Additionally, we identified four antennal-lobe tracts(ALTs) and retrograde labeling from the calyx revealed that all glomeruli were innervated by the medial ALT projection neurons. The comparison of the olfactory system structures between M. separata and sympatric moths supports their evolutionary convergence in noctuid moths. These results collectively lay the foundation for future studies on olfactory processing in M. separata.

关键词： antennal lobe glomerulus olfactory sensory neuron projection neuron antennal-lobe tract mythimna separata

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Reduced mythimna separata infestation on Bt corn could benefit aphids

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Insect Science 2021年第4期28卷 1139-1146页

作者： Xiang-Wen Li Li-Xiao Du Lei Zhang Yu-Fa Peng Hong-Xia Hua Jörg Romeis Yun-He Li College of Plant Science&Technology of Huazhong Agriculture University WuhanHubei ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina Agroscope Research Division Agroecology and EnvironmentZurichSwitzerland

Use of genetically engineered plants that express insecticidal Cry proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)have been proven efficacious for managing lepidopteran ***,in some cases herbivores that are not targeted by the Bt trait have increased in *** has been suggested that reduced caterpillar damage to Bt crops could lead to decreased levels of induced plant defensive compounds which might benefit other non-target *** we investigated the potential effect of reduced damage by larvae of mythimna separata on aphid populations in Bt *** compared the performance of Rhopalosiphum maidis feeding on non-Bt corn plants that had been infested by *** larvae or were *** results showed that caterpillar-infested corn plants significantly reduced the fitness of *** leading to a prolonged nymphal development time,reduced adult longevity and fecundity compared to uninfested ***,the population growth rate of corn aphids feeding on caterpillar-infested corn plants was significantly lower than on uninfested *** expected,the aphids performed significantly better on Lepidoptera-resistant Bt corn than on non-Bt corn when plants were infested with ***,since the caterpillars caused very little damage to the Bt *** current findings indicate that reduced *** infestation could benefit aphid development in Bt *** corn has the potential to be commercialized in China in the near future and aphids and other non-target pests should be monitored in the farming fields.

关键词： genetically engineered crops interspecific relationship mythimna separata non-target effects Rhopalosiphum maidis

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The clock gene,period,influences migratory flight and reproduction of the oriental armyworm,mythimna separata(Walker)

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Insect Science 2023年第3期30卷 650-660页

作者： Jiayue Ji Yueqiu Liu Lei Zhang Yunxia Cheng David Stanley Xingfu Jiang State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina School of Landscape Architecture Bejing University of AgricultureBejingChina Biological Control of Insects Research Laboratory USDA/Agricultural Research ServiceColumbiaMOUSA

The oriental armyworm,mythimna separata,is a major long-distance migratory insect pest of grain crops in China and other Asian *** flights and reproductive behavior usually occur at night,regulated by a circadian ***,knowledge about the linkages between adult flight,reproduction,and clock genes is still *** fill this important gap in our knowledge,a clock gene(designated Msper)was identified and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the encoded protein(MsPER)was highly similar to PER proteins from other insect *** RT-PCR assays demonstrated that significantly different spatiotemporal and circadian rhythmic accumulations of mRNA encoding MsPER occurred during development under steady 14 h:10 h light:dark *** highest mRNA accumulation occurred in adult antennae and the lowest in *** was expressed rhythmically in adult antennae,relatively less in photophase and more entering *** small interference RNA(siRNA)into adult heads effectively knocked down Msper mRNA levels within 72 *** siRNA-injected adults reduced their evening flight activity significantly and did not exhibit a normal evening peak of flight *** also failed to mate and lay eggs within 72 *** mating behavior was restored to control levels by 72 h post *** infer that Msper is a prominent clock gene that acts in regulating adult migratory flight and mating behaviors of *** of its influence on migration and mating,Msper may be a valuable gene to target for effective management of this migratory insect.

关键词： flight action mythimna separata period clock gene reproduction RNA interference

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Effect of a near-zero magnetic field on development and flight of oriental armyworm(mythimna separata)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第5期20卷 1336-1345页

作者： AN Meng-meng ZHANG Lei CHENG Yun-xia Thomas W.SAPPINGTON PAN Wei-dong JIANG Xing-fu State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193P.R.China Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit USDA-ARSAmesIA 50011USA Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics Institute of Electrical EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190P.R.China

The geomagnetic field affects all living organisms on the *** this study we investigated the developmental and behavioral effects of rearing mythimna separata in a near-zero magnetic field(<500 n T)compared to the local geomagnetic field(approximately 50μT).The near-zero magnetic field produced by a Helmholtz coil system significantly lengthened larval and pupal development durations,increased male longevity,and reduced pupal weight,female reproduction,and the relative expression level of the vitellogenin(Vg)gene in newly emerged ***,the near-zero magnetic field had a considerable negative effect on the mating ratio of *** *** addition,the moths in the near-zero magnetic field displayed less flight activity late in the night than those in the Earth's normal geomagnetic field,indicating that the flight rhythm of *** may be affected by the near-zero magnetic *** in magnetic field intensity may have negative effects on the development and flight of oriental armyworm,with consequent additional effects on its migration.

关键词： development flight activity geomagnetic field mythimna separata near-zero magnetic field

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Identification of summer nectar plants contributing to outbreaks of mythimna separata(Walker)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in North China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第7期17卷 1516-1526页

作者： GUO Pei WANG Gao-ping JIN Li-jie FAN Xing-qi HE Han-lin ZHOU Pei-wen GUO Xian-ru LI Wei-zheng YUAN Guo-hui College of Plant Protection Henan Agricultural University

The presence of adequate nectar sources along the migratory pathway is a prerequisite for moths of oriental armyworm, mythimna separata, to reach target habitats and lay eggs. Identification of plant species and assessment of their suitability as wild nectar sources along the summer migration pathway of adult M. separata are critical steps in making effective forecasts of second-and third-generation armyworm outbreaks in North China. We explored five aspects of moth-nectar source relationships：（1） Field investigations in 2014 and 2015 showed that the florescence of chaste tree, Vitex negundo var. heterophylla, a primary nectar plant in apiculture, coincided with the summer migration of oriental armyworm moths. The flowers of chaste tree opened day and night and M. separata moths were found actively flying around and resting on tree.（2） Identification of moth-borne pollen by scanning electronic microscopy（SEM） micrographs in 2015 and 2016 revealed that 15.4% of 369 moths trapped by blacklight traps, 17.1% of 557 moths captured by vertical-pointing searchlight traps and 24.4% of 311 moths caught by pheromone traps were found with pollen attached to their proboscis. A total of 228 pollen-carrying individuals out of 1237 armyworm moths were captured by the three types of traps. The three highest percentages of pollen-bearing armyworm moths were carrying pollen of Toona sp.（59.65%）, Ligustrum sp.（27.19%） and Syringa sp.（4.39%）. In total, 14 types of pollen were detected where three were identified to species, 10 to genus and one as an unknown species.（3） Analysis of geographical distribution, flowering periods and relative abundances of candidate nectar plants suggested that Chinese toon, Toona sinensis, and privet, Ligustrum lucidum, were two important nectar plant species.（4） Analysis on relationship between pollen and ovarian development showed that 14, 15 and 10 females carrying pollen of T. sinensis had ovaries at developmental stages Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respectively. Many

关键词： mythimna separata pollen ovarian development nectar plant

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Association of host plant growth and weed occurrence with armyworm(mythimna separata) damage in corn fields

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第7期17卷 1538-1544页

作者： ZHANG Kun-peng YU Zhi-hao JIANG Shi-xiong SUN De-wen HUI Jun-tao ZHENG Yu-liang LI Xiao-zhen WANG Xing-yun WU Jun-xiang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China Anyang Institute of Technology Anyang 455000P.R.China Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Sanyuan County Sanyuan 713800P.R.China Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Lantian County Lantian 710500P.R.China Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Chang'an District Chang'an 710100P.R.China Zhengping Plant Protection Technology Limited Company Xi'an 710000P.R.China

To clarify association between armyworm（mythimna separata） damage level and the corn growth and weed occurrence, we investigated corn plant height, stem diameter and vigor as well as weed coverage and biomass. The investigations were conducted at three locations of Shaanxi Province, China which were suffered seriously from armyworm. Significant correlations were found between the parameters analyzed. At stunted corn growth and presence of plenty of weeds, the armyworm damage tended to be heavy; oppositely, when corn grew well and weed density were low, armyworm harm was the minimal. Therefore, corn growing status and weed density can significantly affect armyworm damage level. Our results imply that promoting corn growth and timely removal of weeds are conducive to reducing armyworm occurrence.

关键词： mythimna separata damage degree corn growth corn field weeds

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Analysis on the migration of first-generation mythimna separata(Walker) in China in 2013

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第7期17卷 1527-1537页

作者： ZHANG Zhi ZHANG Yun-hui WANG Jian LIU Jie TANG Qing-bo LI Xiang-rui CHENG Deng-fa ZHU Xun State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193P.R.China Beijing Plant Protection Station Beijing 100029P.R.China National Agro-tech Extension and Service Centre Beijing 100025P.R.China College of Plant Protection Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002P.R.China

mythimna separata（Walker） is an important pest which can cause serious damages to cereal crops. In the past two decades, several heavy outbreaks have taken place in northern China. In order to develop a fine-scale method of forecasting outbreaks, population data were collected in northern China using searchlight traps and ground light traps. A background weather pattern analysis and trajectory analysis were performed via the Weather Research and Forecast（WRF） and FLEXPART models. Our results showed that heavy migration of first-generation M. separata appeared in northern China in 2013. In Yanqing District, Beijing, the cumulative number of captured adults in searchlight traps was around 250000 and the daily maximum for trapped moths was 86000. During the peak period, the majority of M. separata moths arrived after 00：00 every night. The sex ratio（female：male） at each monitoring site was greater than 1 and greatly fluctuated with population dynamics. During the migration peak, prevailing downdraft winds benefited M. separata moths to land passively. Trajectory simulation showed that immigrants were from Anhui, Jiangsu and Hubei provinces and most of them could continue to fly into the northeastern regions of China. These results provide technical support for fine-scale forecasting of the outbreak of M. separata at meso-and micro-scale.

关键词： mythimna separata population dynamics migration trajectory

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Effects of constant and stage-specific-alternating temperature on the survival, development and reproduction of the oriental armyworm, mythimna separata(Walker)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第7期17卷 1545-1555页

作者： LI Bo-liao XU Xiang-li JI Jia-yue WU Jun-xiang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University

Migratory insects make diverse adaptive strategies in response to changes in external environment. Temperature has an impact on the survival, development, reproduction, and migration initiation of insects. Previous research has primarily been focused on the effects of constant temperature on populations, but changing temperature has received less attention. Three constant temperature treatments（20, 25 and 30℃） and three pupal-alternating temperature treatments（20–25, 25–20 and 25–30℃） were set up to study the relationship between temperature and population development by age-stage, two-sex life table analysis in the oriental armyworm, mythimna separata Walker, a notorious migratory pest in grain crops. The 25℃ treatment was considered optimal with 20 and 30℃ as low suitable temperature and high temperatures, respectively. The survival rate was relatively low before third instar larvae at 20℃（63.0%） and 20–25℃（70.1%）, and extreme low after pupal stage at 30℃（20.6%）. Developmental duration of each stage was negatively correlated with temperature. The adult preoviposition period, when most migratory insects initiate migration, was the shortest at 25℃（2.69d） but was lengthened at both low suitable（7.48d for 20℃, 6.91d for 25–20℃ and 4.57d for 20–25℃） and high temperatures（3.74d for 25–30℃ and 5.00d for 30℃）. Both low suitable and high temperature decreased lifetime fecundity, net reproductive rate and the intrinsic rate of increase, with variability observed across developmental duration and stage during non-optimal temperature. The results expand knowledge of the relationship between changing temperature and armyworm population development, and adaptive strategies in complex ambient environment.

关键词： mythimna separata stage-specific-alternating temperature life table survival reproduction

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