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The influence of Mycoplasma species on human and canine semen quality:a review

Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第1期25卷 29-37页

作者： Kinga Domrazek Ilona Kaszak Szymon Kanafa Mariusz Sacharczuk Piotr Jurka Laboratory of Small Animal Reproduction Institute of Veterinary MedicineWarsaw University of Life SciencesNowoursynowska 159C StreetWarsaw 02-787Poland Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences Jastrz biec Postepu Street 36AMagdalenka 05-552Poland

Mycoplasma species(spp.)are bacteria that are difficult to detect.Currently,the polymerase chain reaction(PCR)is considered the most effective diagnostic tool to detect these microorganisms in both human and veterinary medicine.There are 13 known species of human Mycoplasma and 15 species of canine Mycoplasma.Owing to the difficulties in identifying the individual species of Mycoplasma,there is a lack of information regarding which species are saprophytic and which are pathogenic.The prevalence of the individual species is also unknown.In addition,in both humans and dogs,the results of some studies on the impact of Mycoplasma are conflicting.The presence of Mycoplasma spp.on the epithelium of reproductive tract is often associated with infertility,although they are also detected in healthy individuals.The occurrence of Mycoplasma spp.is more common in dogs(even 89%)than in humans(1.3%–4%).This is probably because the pH of a dog's genital is more conducive to the growth of Mycoplasma spp.than that of humans.Phylogenetically,human and canine Mycoplasma are related,and majority of them belong to the same taxonomic group.Furthermore,40%of canine Mycoplasma spp.are placed in common clusters with those of human.This suggests that species from the same cluster can play a similar role in the canine and human reproductive tracts.This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about the impact of Mycoplasma on canine and human male fertility as well as the prospects of further development in this field.

关键词： Mycoplasma sperm morphology sperm motility

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Sero-Prevalence and Risk factors of Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in Afgoye District Lower Shabelle Region, Somalia

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 11-20页

作者： Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Sumaya Hassan Ali Abdisalam Mohamed Ali Abdirazack Saleban Osman Binti Abubakar Mohamed Abdifatah Mohamud Ibar Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed Mohamed Abdelrahman Mohamed Ahmed Ali Omar Zakaria Ibrahim Issack College of Veterinary Medicine Abrar University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry Somali National University Mogadishu Somalia Faculty of Veterinary Science Benadir University Mogadishu Somalia

Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is an infectious and highly contagious respiratory disease of cattle and water buffalo, caused by the Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides. It induces significant economic losses and leads to a severe livestock production problem, negatively influencing people’s livelihoods of affected countries. In Somalia, there is no updated data on the prevalence and distribution of the disease. Hence, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to June 2023 in different villages under the Afgoye District of lower Shabelle region, Somalia. The main purpose of this study is to assess the sero-prevalence and identify the associated risk factors for the occurrence of the disease. In this study, villages, age, sex, breed, and body condition were considered as risk factors. A total of 90 blood samples were collected and tested in the laboratory using the Anti-CBPP Elisa kit test. Out of 90 serum samples from herd cattle, 32 were positive, resulting in an overall prevalence of 35.5%. In addition, we found a statistically significant variation between the prevalence of the disease and factors such as sex, age, body condition and breeds. In summary, the overall prevalence of Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in this study area is worth to be considered because there is a low quality of health care and less awareness of the Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia effects on herds, which warrants the official authorities to act and follow appropriate preventive and control measures to reduce the incidence of the disease and generate appropriate controlling and prevention measures in all regions of Somalia.

关键词： Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia Sero-Prevalence Cattle Somalia Mycoplasma Cross Sectional Study

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Distinct structural characteristics define a new subfamily of Mycoplasma ferritin

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第11期33卷 4952-4955页

作者： Wenming Wang Xiaojia Liu Yajie Wang Yuan Wang Dan Fu Hongfang Xi Yi Zhao Hongfei Wang Institute of Molecular Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Taiyuan 030006China

Ferritins can generally be divided into four subfamilies based on their structural characteristics,namely,the classic ferritins(Ftns),bacterioferritins(Bfrs),DNA-binding proteins from starved cells(Dps’),and encapsulated ferritins(Enc Ftns).However,the ferritin from Mycoplasma penetrans(Mpef)possesses a particular ferroxidase center with an extreme low activity and exhibits unusual characteristics,indicating that it could be a member of a quite different subfamily of ferritins.Hereby,the crystal structure of the ferritin from Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uurf)is presented,Mpef and Uurf have very similar properties,though they display very low sequence similarity.Thus,ferritins from Mycoplasma with these unique properties do not belong to any known subfamily,but they should rather be placed in a novel ferritin subfamily,which we term Mycoplasma Ferritin(Mfr).

关键词： Ferritin Ferritin subfamily Ureaplasma Mycoplasma Crystal structure

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Effects of methylprednisolone or immunoglobulin when added to standard treatment with intravenous azithromycin for refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第4期13卷 321-327页

作者： Li-Shen Shan Xin Liu Xin-Yuan Kang Fei Wang Xiao-Hua Han Yun-Xiao Shang Department of Pediatric Pulmonology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina China Medical University ShenyangChina

Background:The prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia has increased considerably in recent years.To evaluate the efficacy of combined treatment of azithromycin with intravenous immunoglo-bulin (IVIG) or methylprednisolone in children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP).Methods:Children with RMPP were randomly allocated to group A [intravenous azithromycin (IA)+ methylprednisolone],group B (IA+IVIG) or group C (IA alone).Following a 7-day treatment,group C patients were randomly separated into two sub-groups:group C1 (IA+methylprednisolone) and group C2 (IA+IVIG).Temperature,respiratory symptoms and signs were examined.The average febrile period after treatment (F2),average total febrile period (F3),infiltration absorption,atelectasis resolution,pleural effusion disappearance were determined.The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP),D-dimer,and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured.Results:Seven days after enrollment,the average F2 after treatment of group A was the shortest.Compared with the control group C,the combined treatment group A and B showed higher rates of infiltration absorption,atelectasis resolution and pleural effusion disappearance,while lower levels of serum CRP,D-dimer and LDH.Fourteen days after enrollment,all children with combined therapy clinically improved,and presented better laboratory results.Group C1 showed shorter F3 and lower levels of CRP and LDH than those of group C2.Overall,group A showed the shortest F3,also has the lowest CRP and LDH.Conclusions:Azithromycin with IVIG or methylprednisolone was better treatment for children with RMPP than azithromycin alone.IVIG treatment may be beneficial,especially when the efficacy of corticosteroids is insecure,thus could be considered as an alternative of primary therapeutic approaches.

关键词： immunoglobulin methylprednisolone refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

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Necrotizing pneumonia caused by refractory Mycoplasma pneumonia pneumonia in children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第4期14卷 344-349页

作者： Xia Wang Li-Jia Zhong Zhi-Min Chen Yun-Lian Zhou Bei Ye Yuan-Yuan Zhang Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of MedicineNo.3333 Binsheng RoadHangzhou 310052China

Background To investigate the clinical features of necrotizing pneumonia (NP) caused by refractoryMycoplasma pneumo-niae pneumonia (RMPP). Methods A retrospective observational study was carried out in patients with NP caused by RMPP who were admitted to our hospital from January 2008 to December 2015, and the clinical manifestations, laboratory data, imaging performances, hospital courses and outcomes were analyzed. Results Twenty-five patients with NP caused by RMPP were collected, with a median age of 5.1 (4.0–7.9) years. The mean duration of fever and hospital stay was 21.0 ± 8.9 and 19.9 ± 9.9 days, respectively. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and interferon-gamma were elevated. Meanwhile, the pleural fluid cell count, LDH and protein were also increased. 80.0% of the patients had pleural effusion;and a high incidence of lobar atelectasis and pulmonary consolidation was found the patients. The mean duration from the onset of symptoms to the discovery of necrotic lesions was 21.0 ± 6.9 days. 80.0% of the patients were administrated corticosteroids, and bronchoalveolar lavage was extracted separately from all patients. Of the 20 patients who presented with pleural effusion, 11 underwent thoracocentesis alone and 2 underwent chest drainage. All patients received prolonged courses of antibiotics (32.2 ± 8.7 days). All patients were dischaged home and recovered without surgical intervention;and chest lesions were resolved or only minimal residual fibrotic changes were residual within 3.0 (2.0–6.0) months. Conclusions Necrotizing pneumonia caused by RMPP is severe, however, self-limiting and reversible. Good outcomes can be achieved with appropriate management.

关键词： Children Mycoplasma pneumoniae Necrotizing pneumonia Refractory

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The relaxing ori-ter balance of Mycoplasma genomes

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2008年第2期51卷 182-189页

作者： ZHENG Xin1 & LIU ShuLin1,2 1 Department of Microbiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100083, China 2 Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada Department of Microbiology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases University of Calgary Calgary Canada

Mycoplasma are wall-less bacteria with small genomes, which are thought to have resulted from massive genome reductive processes, during which the ori-ter balance may be disrupted. For technical difficulties, ori and ter have been located only in a few Mycoplasma strains. Using the Z curve method, we were able to locate turning points on the Mycoplasma genomes, with the minimum and maximum points co-locating with ori or ter in the reference genomes. Assuming Z curve correctly located ori and ter, we calculated the distances from ori to ter in both directions on the circular genome and calculated the ori-ter balance status. The Mycoplasma genomes were not balanced, possibly as a result of close association of Mycoplasma with hosts, where there would be no other microbes for Mycoplasma to compete with for nutrients, so fastest possible growth related to balanced genomes might not be needed by Mycoplasma, leading to a relaxing ori-ter balance.

关键词： Z curve Mycoplasma genome balance ori and ter evolution

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Construction of mini-Tn4001 transposon vector for Mycoplasma gallisepticum

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 1340-1345页

作者： CHEN HongJun, ZHAO ChunMei, SHEN XieYue, CHEN DanQing, YU ShengQing & DING Chan Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai China

The detailed genetic analysis of Mycoplasmas has long been hampered by the lack of appropriate tools for genetic manipulation. In this study, the transposon vector, mini-Tn4001tetM, was constructed containing the tnp gene, encoding a transposase gene in Staphylococcus aureus, two copies of the IS256 inverted repeat sequence (inner and outer) and the tetM gene, from the Enterococcus faecalis Tn916 transposon, conferring resistance to tetracycline. This vector was electro-transformed into Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG). The recombinant cells were screened by tetracycline selection. The results indicated that the transposon vector could replicate in MG strain R by successive passages, indicating that MG is a potential vector for expressing protective antigens of other pathogens.

关键词： Mycoplasma gallisepticum mini-Tn4001 transposon vector Mycoplasma transformation

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Fourty-nine years old woman co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and Mycoplasma:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第23期8卷 6080-6085页

作者： Zi-Ang Gao Ling-Bao Gao Xin-Jie Chen Yu Xu Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Transfusion Taizhou People's HospitalTaizhou 225300Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510006Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is a new virus responsible for the outbreak of respiratory illness known as coronavirus disease 2019(CoVID-19).Mycoplasma is an uncommon co-infected pathogen with SARSCoV-2 and has not yet been reported.Computed tomography(CT),used as an accessory examination,may play a more significant role in this co-infection.CASE SUMMARY A 49-year-old female presented with a cough,expectoration and chest congestion followed by elevated C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.CT images showed ground-glass opacities in bilateral lower lobes and a patchy and striate shadow in the right upper lobe.Immunoglobulin M antibody of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was positive and real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction of sputum was positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid.The diagnosis of CoVID-19 was made based on laboratory results,chest CT images,clinical manifestations and epidemiologic characteristics.She was treated with combination therapy for 17 d and showed a marked reCoVery.CONCLUSION Co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Mycoplasma in CoVID-19 patients appears to be uncommon.CT is an acceptable method for the primary diagnosis and treatment should be initiated as soon as possible.Combination therapy with antiviral,anti-inflammatory,traditional Chinese herbal medicine and interferon inhalation may be a reference for further progress in treating this co-infection.

关键词： CoVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Mycoplasma Co-infection Computed tomography Infectious disease Case report

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Mycoplasma leachii causes bovine mastitis: Evidence from clinical symptoms,histopathology and immunohistochemistry

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第1期18卷 160-168页

作者： CHANG Ji-tao YU De-bin LIANG Jian-bin CHEN Jia WANG Jian-fa WANG Fang JIANG Zhi-gang HE Xi-jun WU Rui YU Li Division of Livestock Infectious Diseases/State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University (Daqing High-tech Industrial Development Zone) Pathology Laboratory/State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology Harbin Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Twelve quarters of six lactating cows were inoculated with Mycoplasma leachii strain GN407 through intramammary ductal infusion; another 12 quarters were inoculated with heat-inactivated M.leachii culture medium as negative controls.Multidisciplinary procedures,including clinical assessment,etiology assessment,pathology and immunohistochemistry(IHC),were used to elucidate the pathogenicity of M.leachii in bovine mastitis.From post-inoculation days(PIDs) 3 to 9,12 inoculated quarters developed mild to severe clinical mastitis and mammary tissue histopathological changes,including inflammatory cell infiltration and architectural destruction of mammary gland ducts.The M.leachii antigen was also detected by IHC in the mammary gland epithelial cells of the inoculated quarters as a weak signal on PID 6 and as a strong signal on PID 9.The control quarters also developed mild mastitis and histopathological changes on PID 9,and M.leachii was also detected by IHC.Throughout the experimental period,the quarters of the negative control cow were clinically and pathologically normal,and the M.leachii antigen was not detected.In conclusion,direct histological and immunohistochemical evidence confirmed that M.leachii causes clinical bovine mastitis through histopathological lesions induced by invasion of the pathogen into mammary gland cells and through inflammatory cell infiltration.

关键词： Mycoplasma leachii bovine mastitis pathogenicity histopathology immunohistochemistry

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Status epilepticus associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis in children: good prognosis following early diagnosis and treatment

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第12期132卷 1494-1496页

作者： Shuo Feng Jin-Xiao Chen Ping Zheng Jian-Zhao Zhang Zhi-Jie Gao Ying-Ying Mao Xin-Na Ji Shu-Hua Chen Hong-Mei Sun Qian Chen Department of Neurology Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijing 100020China

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common pathogen that leads to respiratory tract infections in children, often causing immune-related injuries in multiple other organs and tissues. The involvement of central nervous system has been reported in 5% to 7% of patients with M. pneumoniae infection.[1] The clinical manifestations of M. pneumoniae encephalitis are highly heterogeneous, and more than half of patients experience seizures during the acute phase, with status epilepticus occurring in severe cases.[2]

关键词： Status epilepticus Mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis prognosis

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