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Effects of Parental Migration on Mental Health of left-behind children： Evidence from Northwestern China

China & World Economy 2016年第3期24卷 105-122页

作者： Yaojiang Shi Yu Bai Yanni Shen, Kaleigh Kenny Scott Rozelle Professor Center for Experimental Economics in Education Shaanxi Normal University China. PhD candidate Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China. Graduate student Center for Experimental Economics in Education Shaanxi Normal University China. Research Assistant Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Stanford University USA. Professor Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies Stanford University USA.

China＇s rapid development and urbanization have induced large numbers of rural residents to migrate from their homes in the countryside to urban areas in search of higher wages. It is estimated that there are more than 60 million ＂left-behind children ＂＂（LBC） remaining in the countryside after their parents migrate, typically living with surrogate caregivers. Extensive research has focused on the impact of parental out- migration on children＇s mental health, but less attention has been paid to the effects of parental return-migration. The present paper examines the changes in mental health before and after the parents of fourth and fifih grade students out-migrate or return-migrate. We draw on a panel dataset collected by the authors of more than 19 000 students from 252 rural primary schools in northwestern China. Using DID and propensity score matching approaches, our results indicate that parental out-migration has a significant negative impact on the mental health of LBC, as they tend to exhibit higher levels of anxiety and lower levels of self-esteem. However, we find that parental return-migration has no significant effect on the mental health of LBC.

关键词： left-behind children mental health out-migration return-migration rural China

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The Relationship between Rural left-behind children’s Physical Activity and Hope:The Mediating Effects of Perceived Social Support

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2023年第9期25卷 1033-1039页

作者： Menglong Li Yujia Ren Hunan First Normal University Changsha410205China

It has been confirmed in previous studies that there is a positive correlation between physical activity and *** this study,rural left-behind children in China was taken as the participants to investigate the impact of physical activity on hope in rural left-behind children and examine the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship between physical activity and hope.797 valid copies of the questionnaire were collected from *** correlation coefficient was employed to analyze the relationship between physical activity and hope;SEM and Bootstrap were used to test the mediating effect of perceived social *** results show that physical activity can not only directly and positively predict the level of hope in rural leftbehind children but can also predict the level of hope through perceived social support;perceived social support plays a mediating role in the relationship between physical activity and *** results highlight the necessity to pay more attention to the physical activity of left-behind children and the possibility to improve the level of hope by increasing their physical activity;at the same time,the acquisition of more material,emotional and psychological support from teachers and guardians is more conducive to improving the sense of hope in left-behind *** findings can deepen the understanding of the sense of hope in left-behind children,and provide new methods for and enlightenments on improving the level of hope in left-behind children.

关键词： left-behind children physical activity hope perceived social support mediating role

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Does Parental Migration Affect left-behind children’s Social Anxiety?A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第5期26卷 335-343页

作者： Yao Wang Xiaojiao Li Panpan Yang Zengyan Yu Mental Health School Qiqihar Medical UniversityQiqihar161000China School of Ethnology and Sociology Yunnan UniversityKunming650000China

Social anxiety is a common psychological problem among left-behind children(LBC)and has been a popular issue in recent *** with higher levels of social anxiety have more emotional and behavioral problems and are prone to negative life *** several studies have explored the differences in social anxiety between LBC and non-left-behind children(N-LBC),the findings have not been *** this study,a systematic review and meta-analysis method was used,with 411 papers retrieved on October 01,2023,from Pubmed,Embase,Web of Science,and Chinese databases(CNKI,VIP,and Wanfang)(PROSPERO registry number:CRD42023472463).Twenty-one studies met the research criteria and included 11,254 LBC and 13,096 *** scored significantly higher for social anxiety([WMD(95%CI):0.35[0.23,0.48],pchildren left behind(p=0.02).In addition,different types of parental migration may influence the social anxiety of LBC,double-parent migration was associated higher social anxiety than father migration(pleft-behind *** findings suggest that due to the long-term absence of parental migration,LBC are more vulnerable to negative emotional experiences and behaviours such as anxiety,distress,and avoidance during social interaction,especially for those with both parents absent from the *** research should focus on treatments to reduce social anxiety in LBC.

关键词： Parental migration left-behind children social anxiety meta-analysis

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Emotional and Behavioral Problems of left-behind children in Impoverished Rural China:A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study of First Grade Junior High School

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2021年第1期23卷 1-13页

作者： Yuming Zhou Chunxia Zhao Fan He Xiaobo Tian Yi Zheng Jing Sun Beijing Anding Hospital Capital Medical UniversityThe National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersBeijing Key Laboratory of Mental DisordersBeijing Institute for Brain DisordersBeijing100088China United Nations children’s Fund(UNICEF China Office) Beijing100600China School of Medicine Griffith UniversityQueensland4222Australia

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems and related factors of left-behind children in impoverished rural China(mainly in thefirst grade of junior high school).Methods:A cross-sectional survey of rural households in 27 poverty-stricken counties in 12 provinces across China was conducted using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ).Results:The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems in left-behind children was 11.7%,and that of non-left-behind children was 8.9%.There was statistical difference between the two groups(Pleft-behind group was 58.3%,which was higher than that in the non-left-behind group 50.9%(Pleft-behind children are more likely to have negative psychological feelings including insomnia,loneliness,self-injury,and run away from *** also experienced more bullying including maliciously teased by peers,intentionally excluded or isolated,physically threatened or *** of these factors are associated with their abnormal emotional and behavioural ***:The incidence of emotional and behavioral problems of left-behind children in rural areas in poverty-stricken areas is significantly higher than that of non-left-behind children;Logistic regression analysis showed that bullying behavior and abnormal psychological characteristics are significantly associated with left-behind adolescents abnormal emotional and behavioral development.

关键词： Rural areas left-behind children emotional and behavioral problems incidence related factors

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Current Situation and Mental Health and Intervention Measures of left-behind children

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Asian Agricultural Research 2016年第12期8卷 53-56页

作者： Hongze YANG School of Marxism University of Science and Technology Liaoning

In the Outline of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China,it proposed of improving distribution and form of urbanization and strengthening urbanization management. With acceleration of the urbanization,numerous rural labors flow to cities,and the number of left-behind children becomes increasingly large,which not only increases burden of family and education,but also gives rise to many mental problems. Due to lack of family education,many left-behind children have mental,emotional and ethical disorder and problem,which creates hidden trouble for building a harmonious society and economic development. This paper analyzed current situation and factors influencing mental health of left-behind children,including family environment,grandparent upbringing,and school environment. Finally,it came up with pertinent intervention measures from changing ideas of parents,improving the relationship between parents and children,and improving mental health education of schools.

关键词： left-behind children Mental health Grandparent upbringing Intervention measures

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A Study on left-behind children's Communicative Willingness and Language Ability under the Influence of Internet Addiction--A Case Study of Zhejiang Province

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教育研究前沿（中英文版） 2021年第1期11卷 61-69页

作者： Jiawen Wang Yong Wu College of English Zhejiang Yuexiu UniversityShaoxing312000China

This research studies the language communication barrier of left-behind children under the influence of Internet *** children aged 8-13 in primary school were taken as the research object.A total of 320 left-behind children from 10 primary schools in 5 regions of Zhejiang Province were selected as the research *** addition,30 primary school language teachers in Zhejiang Province were interviewed to explore the communicative willingness and language expression of left-behind children under the influence of"Internet addiction,"analyze the obstacle factors affecting the language communicative ability,and put forward corresponding opinions and suggestions.

关键词： Internet Addiction left-behind children Language Communication Ability Language Barrier

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Research of Problems of left-behind children in the View of Inclusive Education

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海外英语 2018年第4期 237-238页

作者：郭静武汉工程大学

Inclusive Education is one of the most advanced educational concepts at the present time. It advocates raising the participation of children and alleviating the exclusion problems between them at the same time. Although China is a large agricultural country, under the situation of fast-growing economic development, an increasing number of adults prefer to work in big city,we call this"working fever". This situation contributes to a growing number of left-behind children, the problem became severer. As a major receiver of basic education in China, left-behind children may easily suffering from the problems due to their family. This violates the original intention of Inclusive Education.

关键词： Inclusive Education left-behind children vulnerable groups problems

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Preliminary Study on Crime Prevention of left-behind children in Rural China

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Asian Agricultural Research 2017年第7期9卷 88-89,92页

作者： Lei ZHANG Railway Police College

In the process of social and economic development in China,there appears the inevitable problem of crime of left-behind *** researches and disputes prove that it is,to a greater extent,a social phenomenon resulted from social factors. It is recommended to improve the treatment of migrant workers and solve the problem of school admission for their children,provide effective legal education for those left-behind children whose problem can not be solved in a short term,and supplement the guardianship role to control the crime rate of leftbehind children. Another more effective method is to resume effective control of people's social life through the rural cultural tradition,to fundamentally prevent crime of left-behind children.

关键词： Rural China left-behind children Crime Prevention

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Application of Movie-based App in left-behind children’s EFLL earning

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海外英语 2021年第12期 287-288,294页

作者：夏婷 School of Western Languages Anhui International Studies UniversityHefei 231201China

China has been witnessing an immense number of left-behind children due to annual parental rural-to-urban immi-grant *** a special educational group,the status quo of left-behind children’s English as a foreign language(EFL)learning is not very ***--assistedlanguage learning(MALL)with traditional foreign language instruction,classroom teaching with off--class mobile learning,Englishmovie--basedApp with functions of bilingual caption setting,unknown words con-sulting,consolidation drills and English proficiency test can be employed to promote left-behind children's EFL learning.

关键词： left-behind children English movie App Mobile learning Pedagogical issues

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Parental Migration and the Academic Performance of left-behind children——Evidence from a Two-wave Panel Dataset of 10 Thousand Students in 5 Provinces in China

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第7期18卷 1344-1351,1354页

作者：宋丽娟中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101 中国科学院大学北京100049

Since the 1990s, the large-scale migrant labor force from rural to urban areas has made great contributions to the growth in China. However, migration does not come without costs. The potential impacts of parental migration on the left-behind children have aroused wide concerns. Based on a two-wave panel dataset of nearly 10 thousand students in 166 schools from 13 counties in 5 provinces between 2014 and 2015, differences-in-differences （DID） and propensity score matching plus DID （PSMDID） approaches were used to examine the changes in academic performances before and after the parental out-migration. The results indicated that the mother only migration has a significant negative impact on the a- cademic performances of left-behind children, and it was especially true when the mother only migration lasted more than a semester. For left-behind children whose parents were out or only the father was out, their academic performances were not affected.

关键词： Parental migration left-behind children Academic performance Differ- ences-in-differences Propensity score matching

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