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Antifungal,molluscicidal and Larvicidal assessment of anemonin and Clematis flammula L.extracts against mollusc Galba truncatula,intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica in Tunisia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第10期10卷 967-973页

作者： Rakia Saidi Lamia Khanous Safa Khadim Allah Besma Hamdi Ali Ayadi Mohamed Damak Hayet Hammami Raoudha Mezghani-Jarraya Laboratory of Organic Chemistry LR17ES08(Natural Substances Team) University of SfaxFaculty of Sciences3000 SfaxTunisia Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology Applied to Crop Improvement University of Sfax Faculty of SciencesBP 11713000 SfaxTunisia Fungal and Parasitic Molecular Biology Laboratory University of SfaxFaculty of Medicine3029 SfaxTunisia Laboratory of Materials and Environment Sciences Faculty of Science of SfaxBP 11713000 SfaxTunisia

Objective: To investigate the potential of anemonin and Clematis flammula(C.flammula) extracts against infective organisms.Methods: The molluscicidal activities of anemonin and C.flammula extracts against Galba truncatula Mull.(Lymnaeidae) and Fasciola hepatica larval stages contaminating this snail in Tunisia were assessed by testing six groups of snails in 250 mL of extracts and aqueous dechlorinated solutions with different concentrations(ranging from 2.5 to 20.0 mg/L) for 48 h.Besides, the antifungal potential of C.flammula leaves and flowers was evaluated by using the diffusion agar and broth dilution methods against four fungal strains: Aspergillus niger, Pythium catenulatum, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium phyllophilum.Results: As a result, hexane and ethyl acetate flower extracts exhibited significant molluscicidal activities with LC_(50) median lethal concentrations values of 11.87 and 11.65 mg/L, respectively while LC_(50) value of anemonin was 9.64 mg/L after 48 h exposure.The flower extracts showed a Larvicidal effect with a deterioration rate exceeding 35.39% where flower ethyl acetate residue gave a deterioration rate of cercariae close to 97%.Moreover, C.flammula extracts were not noxious to the associated fauna survival.All extracts inhibited the growth of P.catenulatum, the leaves and flowers methanolic extracts had the more important fungicide action with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1.56 and 3.12 mg/mL together with minimum fungistatic concentrations of 3.12 and 6.25 mg/mL respectively.Only flower extracts were active against Rhizoctonia solani with minimum inhibitory concentrations varying between 0.70 and 1.56 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL of minimum fungistatic concentration.Phytochemical tests showed that the antifungal activity may be attributed to the presence of the flavonoids/saponins in the methanolic extracts and the molluscicide effects could be due to the richness of hexane and ethyl acetate extracts on sterols and triterpenoids.Conclusions: This study emphasizes the important mollus

关键词： Larvicidal 抗真菌 Galba truncatula 小束地钱属的植物铁线莲 flammula Anemonin

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Synthesis of silver nanoparticle with Colocasia esculenta(L.) stem and its Larvicidal activity against Culex quinquefasciatus and Chironomus sp

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第12期9卷 510-517页

作者： Arghadip Mondal Amita Hajra Wasim Akram Shaikh Sukalyan Chakraborty Naba Kumar Mondal Environmental Chemistry Laboratory Department of Environmental ScienceThe University of Burdwan713104West BengalIndia Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraJharkhandIndia

Objective:To synthesize silver nanoparticles with Colocasia esculenta as a reducing agent and to evaluate their effect against Culex quinquefasciatus and Chironomus sp.Methods:The aqueous extract of Colocasia esculenta stem was used for nanosynthesis.The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and Zeta potential studies.The toxicity of Colocasia esculenta stem extract and the synthesized silver nanoparticles was evaluated against the larval stages of target human filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus and non-target Chironomus sp.Results:Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies revealed almost spherical shape of the synthesized silver nanoparticles with size ranging from 13-50 nm.After 24 hours of exposure,the LC50 and LC90 of the plant extract against 4th instars larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus were 745.56 mg/L and 1258.28 mg/L,respectively,which were higher than those of synthesized silver nanoparticles(5.17 mg/L and 17.32 mg/L after 24 h;1.58 mg/L and 13.01 mg/L after 48 h).In addition,the LC50 and LC90 of silver nanoparticles against Chironomus sp.were 9.71 mg/L and 23.15 mg/L after 24 h as well as 2.38 mg/L and 19.49 mg/L after 48 h,respectively.Conclusions:The aqueous stem extract of Colocasia esculenta is a good agent for synthesis of silver nanoparticles,which are almost spherical with size less than 30 nm.The synthesized nanoparticles show good Larvicidal activity without any harmful effect on non-target species.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles Colocasia esculenta Larvicidal Culex quinquefasciatus Mortality Chironomus sp

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Efficacy of Larvicidal and pupicidal activity of Catharanthus roseus aqueous and solvent extracts against Anopheles stephensi Liston and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第8期6卷 625-630页

作者： Selladurai Subarani Selvi Sabhanayakam Chinnaperumal Kamaraj Gandhi Elango Mohamed Abdul Kadir Department of Zoology Annamalai University Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology C. Abdul Hakeem College Department of Chemistry MSS Wake Board College

Objective: To investigate the Larvicidal and pupicidal activities of aqueous, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Catharanthus roseus ( C. roseus ) against malaria and filariasis vectors. Methods: The Larvicidal and pupicidal activities of C. roseus leaf extracts were tested against the fourth instar larvae and pupae of Anopheles stephensi ( An. stephensi ) and Culex quinquefasciatus ( Cx. quinquefasciatus ). The mortality was observed after 24 and 48 h post the treatment. The data were subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentrations (LC 50 and LC 90 ) at which 50% and 90% of the treated larvae or pupae of the tested species were killed. Results: The larval and pupal mortality were observed after 24 and 48 h of exposure of aqueous, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of C. roseus ; no mortality was observed in the control group. The LC 50 values against the fourth-instar larvae of An. stephensi were 68.62 and 72.04 mg/mL for the aqueous extract, 82.47 mg/mL for the ethyl acetate extract, and 78.80 and 86.64 mg/mL for the methanol extract, while the aqueous, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts had LC 50 values of 85.21, 76.84 and 94.20 mg/mL against the fourth-instar larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus . The aqueous, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts had LC 50 values of 118.08, 182.47 and 143.80 mg/mL against the pupae of An. stephensi and 146.20, 226.84 and 156.62 mg/mL against the pupae of Cx. quinquefasciatus , respectively. Conclusions: The aqueous and methanol extracts of C. roseus leaves had an excellent potential to control the malarial vector An. stephensi and filariasis vector Cx. quinquefasciatus .

关键词： Catharanthus roseus Anopheles stephensi Culex quinquefasciatus Larvicidal activity Pupicidal activity Medicinal plant

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Larvicidal activity,inhibition effect on development,histopathological alteration and morphological aberration induced by seaweed extracts in Aedes aegypti(Diptera:Culicidae)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第12期8卷 981-986页

作者： Ke-Xin Yu Ching-Lee Wong Rohani Ahmad Ibrahim Jantan Drug and Herbal Research Centre Faculty of PharmacyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia School of Biosciences Taylor's UniversityTaylor's Lakeside Campus Medical Entomology Unit Infectious Disease Research CentreInstitute for Medical Research

Objective:To investigate the Larvicidal activity,inhibition effect on development,histopathological alteration and morphological aberration induced by the extracts derived from seaweeds Bryopsis pennuta(B.pennata),Sargassum binderi(S.binderi) and Padina australis in Aedes aegypti(Ae.aegypti) larvae and to characterize the phytochetnical components of the three seaweeds.Methods:Larvicidal activity of the seaweeds towards the larvae of Ae.aegypti was determined according to WHO.The inhibition effect of seaweeds was assessed by determining the mortality,adult emergence rate,larval and pupa duration of the treated larvae.Histopathological effect on midgut epithelium of larvae and morphological aberration induced by the methanol extracts were examined.Phytochemical analysis was done to determine the presence of alkaloids,saponins,steroids and terpenoids in the seaweeds.Results:Chloroform partition of B.pennata extract exhibited the strongest Larvicidal activity(LC_(50) = 82.55 μg/mL).followed by methanol extract of B.pennata(LC_(50) = 160.07 μg/mL) and chloroform partition of S.binderi extract(LC_(50) = 192.43 μg/mL).The methanol extract of S.bituleri exhibited the strongest effect on prolongation of larval period(1.5-fold longer as compared to control) and resulted in strongest inhibition effect in adult emergence(98.67%).The histopathological study showed that larvae treated with seaweed extracts had cytopathological alteration of the midgut epithelium.The morphological observation revealed that the anal papillae and terminal spiracles of larvae were the common sites of aberrations.Conclusions:The study provided information on various effects of seaweed extracts on Ae.aegypti.Further investigation on identifying the active compounds and their mechanisms of action is recommended.

关键词： Mosquito Larvicidal activity Dengue vector Aedes a

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In vitro antimicrobial and Larvicidal properties of wild Ricinus communis L. in Mauritius

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第2期6卷 100-107页

作者： Sillma Rampadarath Daneshwar Puchooa Faculty of Agriculture University of Mauritius

Objective: To explore the phytochemical and antimicrobial activities as well as the insecticidal properties of the different sections of Ricinus communis(castor) plant in Mauritius.Methods: Qualitative and quantitative methods were used for the determination of phytochemicals in the crude leaves, pericarp, seeds, bark and root extracts obtained by using polar and non-polar solvents. The disc diffusion and micro-dilution methods were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of the crude solvent extracts against 13 microorganisms. The insecticidal properties of the crude extracts on larvae of Bactrocera zonata(Diptera: Tephritidae), which caused important economic losses to local fruits were also investigated.Results: All the extracts from the different parts of the plant showed antimicrobial activity against most tested microorganisms. The polar solvents' extracts of the fully mature parts of the castor plant were active against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa(ATCC 27853),Escherichia coli(E. coli)(ATCC 25922), E. coli(0145:H28 Acc. No. CP006027.1) with inhibition zones ranging from 16 mm to 19 mm and against Bacillus cereus(ATCC11778)(B. cereus), Listeria innocua(ATCC 33090)(L. innocua). Lowest microbial inhibitory concentration was recorded for B. cereus, L. innocua, Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC 29213), E. coli(ATCC 25922) and Proteus mirabilis strain(NCTC 11938) with value of 3.2 mg/m L. The most active extract against both Gram-negative and Grampositive bacteria was extracted from the fully mature pericarps and it was the most active against E. coli(ATCC 25922), B. cereus, L. innocua and Staphylococcus aureus(ATCC 29213). In addition, the extracts obtained by using polar solvent and fully mature leaves demonstrated the strongest Larvicidal activity against Bactrocera zonata(100%).Conclusions: Ricinus communis(castor) plant extracts possess Larvicidal properties providing an effective eco-friendly control for fruit flies. The antimicrobial results justify the use of this plant in traditional medicine and the pract

关键词： Antibacterial activity Larvicidal property Minimum inhibition Ricinus communis

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Larvicidal efficacy of crude and fractionated extracts of Dracaena loureiri Gagnep against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles minimus mosquito vectors

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第5期8卷 273-278页

作者： Damrongpan Thongwat Ratchanaporn Chokchaisiri Lucksagoon Ganranoo Nophawan Bunchu Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medical Science Naresuan University Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Medical Science Naresuan University Department of Chemistry School of Science University of Phayao

Objective:To evaluate the Larvicidal efficacy of crude and fractionated extracts of Dracaena loureiri endocarp against Aedes aegypti,Aedes albopictus,Culex quinquefasciatus,and Anopheles minimus mosquitos.Methods:Larvicidal activity was tested according to World Health Organization standard protocol.The third-stage larvae of each mosquito species were exposed to various concentrations of Dracaena loureiri crude extract and six groups of Dracaena loureiri fractionated extracts(RC-DT 009-014).Larval mortality rates were observed after 24 h and48 h of exposure.Then,a computerized probit analysis of the mortality data was performed to determine lethal concentration 50(LC_(50))and lethal concentration 90 values.Results:Anopheles minimus larvae(24-h LC_(50)77.88 mg/L)had the highest susceptibility to crude extract,whereas others(Aedes aegypti,24-h LC_(50)224.73 mg/L;Aedes albopictus,24-h LC_(50)261.75 mg/L;and Culex quinquefasciatus,24-h LC_(50)282.86 mg/L)were significantly less susceptible.The most effective groups of fractionated extracts were RC-DT 012 and RC-DT 013.The mosquito species most susceptible to fractionated extracts was Culex quinquefasciatus,with 24-h LC_(50)values of 0.66 and 0.94 mg/L for RC-DT 012 and RC-DT 013,respectively.Conclusions:The Larvicidal activity of fractionated extracts is more effective than that of crude extract against all tested mosquito species.For the most effective alternative larvicide,purification and a phytochemical constituent analysis must be performed.

关键词： Dracaena loureiri Aedes aegypti Aedes albopictus Culex quinquefasciatus Anopheles minimus Fractionated extract Crude extract Larvicidal Mosquito larva

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Larvicidal activity of Cyclamen(Myrsinaceae) extracts against the larvae of West Nile virus vector Culex pipiens L.(Diptera:Culicidae)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第6期6卷 449-452页

作者： Emre Oz Samed Koc Olcay Dinc Dusen Ramazan Mammadov Huseyin Cetin Akdeniz University Faculty of ScienceDepartment of Biology07058 AntalyaTurkey Pamukkale University Faculty of Arts and ScienceDepartment of Biology20070KinikliDenizliTurkey

Objeclive:To evaluate the Larvicidal activity of the tuber extracts isolated from two species of Cyclamen（Cyxltimen mimbile Hildebr.and Cyclamen alpinum Dammann ex.Sprcnger） against Culex pipiens L.（Diptera:Culicidae）.Methods:Twenty young（first-second） or older（third- fourth） instars of tile Culex pipiens were exposed to various concentrations（100 to I 000 ppm） of the extracts.Mortality was recorded after 12-,24-,48-.72- and 96-h of exposure.Results:We determined that the young larval stages were more susceptible to the extracts in comparison with the older larval stages.A comparison of LC90 and LC90 values has shown that Cyclamen mimbile was more active than Cyclamen alpinum.Conclusions:This study is the first to report on the Larvicidal activity of the extracts of Cyclamen species against Culex pipiens.More studies are needed to isolate and identify the active components involved,their mode of action,and effects on other mosquito and pest species.

关键词： Culex pipiens Cyclamen alpinum Cyclamen mirabile Larvicidal activity Mosquito

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Larvicidal,ovicidal and pupicidal activities of Gliricidia sepium(Jacq.)(Leguminosae) against the malarial vector,Anopheles stephensi Liston(Culicidae:Diptera)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第8期5卷 598-604页

作者： Kaliyamoorthy Krishnappa Shanmugam Dhanasekaran Kuppusamy Elumalai Unit of Entomotoxicity Department of Zoology Govt.Thirumagal Mills College Vellore-632607 TamilnaduIndia Center for Entomotoxicity Studies Department of ZoologyAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalainagar-608 002 TamilnaduIndia

Objective:To investigate the potentiality of mosquitocidal activity of Gliricidia sepium（C.sepium）（Jacq.）（Leguminosae）.Methods:Twenty five early third instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi （An.stephensi） were exposed to various concentrations（50-250 ppm） and the 24 h LC50 values of the G.sepium extract was determined by probit analysis.The ovicidal activity was determined against An.stephensi to various concentrations ranging from 25-100 ppm under laboratory conditions.The eggs hatchabilily was assessed 48 h post treatment.The pupicidal activity was determined against An.stephensi to various concentrations ranging from 25-100 ppm.Mortality of each pupa was recorded after 24 h of exposure to the extract.Results:Results pertaining to the experiment clearly revealed that ethanol extract showed significant Larvicidal,ovicidal and pupicidal activity against the An.stephensi.Larvicidal activity of ethanol extracts of G.sepium showed maximum mortality in 250 ppm concentration（96.0±2.4）%.Furthermore,the LC50 was found to be 121.79 and the LC50 value was recorded to be 231.98 ppm.Ovicidal activity of ethanol extract was assessed by assessing the egg hatchabilily.Highest concentration of both solvent extracts exhibited 100%ovicidal activity.Similarly,pupae exposed to different concentratioiLs of ethanol extract were found dead with 58.10%adult emergence when it was treated with 25 ppm concentration.Similarly,18.36（n=30;61.20%）;21.28（70.93） and 27.33（91.10） pupal mortality was recorded from the experimental pupae treated with 50,75 and 100 ppm concentration of extracts. Three fractions have been tested for their Larvicidal activity of which the Fraction 3 showed the LC50 and LC90 values of 23.23 and 40.39 ppm.With regard to the ovicidal effect fraction 3 showed highest ovicidal activities than the other two fractions.Furthermore,there were no hatchabilily was recorded above 50 ppm（100%egg mortality） in the experimental group.Statistically significant pupicidal activity

关键词： Anopheles stephensi Gliricidia sepium Crude extract Fractions Larvicidal activity Ovicidal activity Pupicidal activity

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Anopheles gambiae Larvicidal and adulticidal potential of Phyllanthus amarus(Schumach and Thonn,1827)obtained from different localities of Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第1期14卷 27-33页

作者： Kingsley Uchenna Ozioko Chris Ikem Okoye Fabian Chukwuemenam Okafor Rose Nduka Obiezue Parasitology and Public Health Unit Department of Zoology and Environmental BiologyUniversity of NigeriaNsukka 400241Nigeria

Objective:To screen phytochemicals in ethanolic leaf extracts of Phyllanthus amarus collected from three different geographical zones in Nigeria and evaluate their effects on larva and adult of Anopheles gambiae.Methods:The sample extracts of Phyllanthus amarus prepared with ethanol solvent were tested against Anopheles gambiae at two important developmental stages of its life cycle using slightly modified WHO protocols.Results:Alkaloids,saponins,tannins,flavonoids,glycosides,phenols,and terpenes were detected in each extract.Among these samples,the extract from northwest exhibited the highest Larvicidal activity(LC50=263.02 ppm),followed by southeast and southwest extracts(LC50=288.40 and 295.12 ppm,respectively after 48 h),while the extract from southwest exhibited the highest adulticidal activity(LC50=275.42 ppm),followed by northwest and southeast extract(LC50=301.99 and 316.22 ppm,respectively after 24 h).A 50%larva mortality was almost attained at 600 ppm after 48 h duration of exposure to the northwest extract.Conclusions:The tested samples possess strong Larvicidal and adulticidal property against Anopheles gambiae which depends on their chemical composition and localities of collection.Further studies are needed to explore the insecticidal activity against a wider range of mosquito species,and to identify active ingredient(s)of the extract responsible for such activity.

关键词： Adulticidal Anopheles gambiae Different localities Larvicidal Phyllanthus amarus

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Mosquito Larvicidal properties of Orthosiphon thymiflorus(Roth)Sleesen.(Family:Labiatae)against mosquito vectors,Anopheles stephensi,Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti(Diptera:Culicidae)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第4期5卷 299-305页

作者： K Kovendan K Murugan S Vincent Donald R Barnard Division of Entomology Department of ZoologySchool of Life SciencesBharathiar UniversityCoimbatore-641046Tamil NaduIndia P.G.Research & Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology Loyola CollegeNungambakkamChennai-600 034Tamil NaduIndia Center for Medical Agriculturaland Veterinary EntomologyUSDA-ARS1600 SW 23rd DriveGainesvilleFL 32608USA

Objective:To determine the mosquito Larvicidal activities of hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol leaf extract of Orthosiphon thymiflorus（O.thymiflorus） against Anopheles stephensi（An.stephensi）,Culex quinquefasciatus（Cx.quinquefasciatus） and Aedes aegypti （Ae.aegypti）.Methods:The Larvicidal activity was assayed against three mosquito species at various concentrations ranging from（50-450 ppm） under the laboratory conditions.The LC50 and LC90value of the O.thymiflorus leaf extract was determined by Probit analysis.Results:The LC50 values of hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,acetone and methanol extract of O.thymiflorus third instar larvae of An.stephensi were LC50= 201.39,178.76,158.06,139.22 and 118.74 ppm; Cx.quinquefasciatus were LC50=228.13,209.***.183.35,163.55 and 149.96 ppm and Ae.aegypti were LC50=215.65,197.91,175.05,154.80 and 137.26 ppm,respectively.Maximum Larvicidal activity was observed in the methanolic extract followed by acetone,ethyl acetate chloroform and hexane extract.The larval mortality was observed after 24 h exposure.No mortality was observed in control.Conclusions:The present results suggest that the effective plant crude extracts have potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquito vectors.This study provides the first report on the Larvicidal activity of this plant crude solvent extract of against An.stephensi,Cx.quinquefasciatus and Ae.aegypti mosquitoes.

关键词： Orthosiphon thymiflorus Anopheles stephensi Aedes aegypti Culex quinquefasciatus Larvicidal activity

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