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Dietary supplemental coated essential oils and organic acids mixture improves growth performance and gut health along with reduces Salmonella load of broiler chickens infected with Salmonella Enteritidis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2554-2577页

作者： Zeqiong Hu Lin Liu Fangshen Guo Jia Huang Jianing Qiao Ruichen Bi Jinyu Huang Kaichen Zhang Yuming Guo Zhong Wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina. Shanghai Meinong Biotechnology Co. Ltd.ShanghaiChina. Shandong Heyi Food Co. Ltd.Zaozhuang CityShandong ProvinceChina.

Background Reducing Salmonella infection in broiler chickens by using effective and safe alternatives to antibiotics is vital to provide safer poultry meat and minimize the emergence of drug-resistant Salmonella and the spread of salmonellosis to *** study was to first evaluate the protective efficacy of feeding coated essential oils and organic acids mixture(EOA)on broiler chickens infected with Salmonella Enteritidis(***,SE),and then its action mechanism was further *** A total of 4801-day-old Arbor Acres male chickens were randomly assigned into five treatments with six replicates,including non-challenged control fed with basal diet(A),SE-challenged control(B),and SE-infected birds fed a basal diet with 300 mg/kg of EOA(BL),500 mg/kg of EOA(BM)and 800 mg/kg of EOA(BH),*** birds on challenged groups were infected with Salmonella Enteritidis on d *** Feeding EOA showed a reversed ability on negative effects caused by SE infection,as evidenced by decreasing the feed conversion rate(FCR)and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(VH/CD)(P<0.05),obviously decreasing intestinal and internal organs Salmonella load along with increasing cecal butyric acid-producing bacteria abundance(P<0.05).Moreover,supplemental different levels of EOA notably up-regulated claudin-1(CLDN-1),occludin(OCLN),zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),mucin-2(MUC-2),fatty acid binding protein-2(FABP-2),nuclear factor kappa-light-chainenhancer of activated B cells(NF-κB),myeloid differential protein-88(MyD88)and interleukin-6(IL-6)mRNA levels in the ileum of the infected chickens after challenge,whereas down-regulated toll-like receptor-4(TLR-4)mRNA levels(P<0.05).Linear discriminant analysis combined effect size measurements analysis(LEfSe)showed that the relative abundance of g_Butyricicoccus,g_Anaerotruncus and g_unclassified_f_Bacillaceae significantly was enriched in infected birds given ***,phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruct

关键词： Broiler chickens Essential oils and organic acids mixture gut health Salmonella Enteritidis

Resistant starch: Implications of dietary inclusion on gut health and growth in pigs:a review

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第3期13卷 613-627页

作者： Felina P.Y.Tan Eduardo Beltranena Ruurd T.Zijlstra Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2P5Canada

Starch from cereal grains,pulse grains,and tubers is a major energy substrate in swine rations constituting up to 55%of the *** pigs,starch digestion is initiated by salivary and then pancreaticα-amylase,and has as final step the digestion of disaccharides by the brush-border enzymes in the small intestine that produce monosaccharides(glucose)for *** starch(RS)is the proportion of starch that escapes the enzymatic digestion and absorption in the small *** undigested starch reaches the distal small intestine and hindgut for microbial fermentation,which produces short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)for *** in turn,influence microbial ecology and gut health of *** fermentative metabolites exert their benefits on gut health through promoting growth and proliferation of enterocytes,maintenance of intestinal integrity and thus immunity,and modulation of the microbial community in part by suppressing the growth of pathogenic bacteria while selectively enhancing beneficial ***,RS has the potential to confer prebiotic effects and may contribute to the improvement of intestinal health in pigs during the post-weaning *** these benefits to the well-being of pigs,RS has a contradictory effect due to lower energetic efficiency of fermented *** starch absorption *** varying amount and type of RS interact differently with the digestion process along the gastrointestinal tract affecting its energy efficiency and host physiological responses including feed intake,energy metabolism,and feed *** of research indicate that the use of RS as prebiotic may improve gut health and thereby,reduce the incidence of post-weaning diarrhea(PWD)and associated *** review summarizes our current knowledge on the effects of RS on microbial ecology,gut health and growth performance in pigs.

关键词： Growth performance gut health Resistant starch Swine

Bacteroides utilization for dietary polysaccharides and their beneficial effects on gut health

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第5期11卷 1101-1110页

作者： Jiaobo Cheng Jielun Hu Fang Geng Shaoping Nie State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology(Nanchang)Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330047China Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) School of Food and Biological EngineeringChengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

Polysaccharide was a class of macromolecular substance with various bioactive *** symbiotic microorganisms could utilize the polysaccharides from various sources,thus have important impact on human *** represented one of the dominant colonizers in the human *** utilization of polysaccharide by Bacteroides was important for supporting the function and stability of gut *** the degradation of polysaccharides by Bacteroides,gut microbes could ferment the monosaccharides and oligosaccharides degraded from polysaccharides into some metabolites,such as short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),amino acids,*** the metabolites,the SCFAs could have beneficial effects on gut *** review summarized the niches of Bacteroides among gut microbiota,and also described the gene clusters and membrane proteins involved in the utilization processes of polysaccharide by gut *** could act as energy substrates for intestinal epithelial cells,inhibit histone deacetylases and activate G protein-coupled *** addition,the future perspectives in investigating new degradation pathways for polysaccharide,and using polysaccharides or their metabolites as therapeutic approaches for diseases mediated by the gut dysbiosis were also provided.

关键词： Bacteroides Polysaccharides Degradation Short-chain fatty acids gut health

Dietary encapsulated essential oils and organic acids mixture improves gut health in broiler chickens challenged with necrotic enteritis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 866-883页

作者： Van Hieu Pham Liugang Kan Jinyu Huang Yanqiang Geng Wenrui Zhen Yuming Guo Waseem Abbas Zhong Wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Thai Nguyen University Agriculture and ForestryThai NguyenVietnam Menon Animal Nutrition Technology Co.Ltd. ShanghaiChina

Background:The poultry industry is in need of effective antibiotic alternatives to control outbreaks of necrotic enteritis(NE)due to Clostridium *** the present study,we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with a blend of encapsulated essential oils and organic acids(BLJ)on growth performance and gut health using a coinfection model of NE in broiler ***:Two hundred and eighty-eight one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly assigned using a 2×2 factorial design into two groups fed either 0 or 500 mg/kg dietary BLJ and co-challenged(or not challenged for the control)with Eimeria spp./***:Infected birds fed the BLJ-supplemented diet exhibited an improved feed conversion ratio throughout the trial(Pgut lesion scores and serum fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-D)concentrations at 7 d postinfection compared with those of birds without BLJ supplementation(Pgut health in NE-infected broiler chickens by strengthening the intestinal barrier function,positively modulating the gut microbiota community

关键词： Broiler chickens Clostridium perfringens Essential oils and organic acids gut health

Prevotella-rich enterotype may benefit gut health in finishing pigs fed diet with a high amylose-to-amylopectin ratio

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 400-411页

作者： Wen Ren Honglin Yan Bing Yu Maria C.Walsh Jie Yu Ping Zheng Zhiqing Huang Junqiu Luo Xiangbing Mao Jun He Hui Yan Daiwen Chen Yuheng Luo Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education of China Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture of ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan ProvinceAnd Animal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China DSM(China)Animal Nutrition Research Center Co. LtdBazhou 065799China School of Life Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyangSichuan 621010China DSM Nutritional Products Kaiseraugst 4303Switzerland

To investigate the influence of baseline enterotypes and dietary starch type on the concentration of short-chain fatty acids(SCFA),numbers of butyrate producing bacteria and the expression of genes related to intestinal barrier and inflammatory response in the colon of finishing pigs,a 60-d in vivo trial was conducted.A 2-wk pre-trial with 102 crossbred(Duroc×[Landrace×Yorkshire])finishing barrows(90 d old)was conducted to screen ***,a total of 32 pigs(87.40±2.76 kg)with high(HPBR,>14)and low(LPBR,<2)Prevotella-to-Bacteroides ratios(PBR)in equal measure were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 1 pig per *** trial was designed following a 2(PBR)×2(amylose-to-amylopectin ratio,AMR)factorial *** with different PBR were fed diets based on corn-soybean meal with high AMR(HAMR,1.24)or low AMR(LAMR,0.23),*** showed that neither PBR nor AMR influenced the growth performance of *** pigs fed HAMR diet had a higher number of colonic Clostridium cluster XIVa and higher gene expression of butyrate kinase compared to the LPBR pigs(P<0.05).The HPBR pigs fed HAMR diets also had increased colonic concentrations of total SCFA and propionate compared to the LPBR pigs(P<0.05).Comparing with other pigs,HPBR pigs fed HAMR diets showed a lower(P<0.05)expression of histone deacetylases(HDAC)gene and higher(P<0.05)expression of G protein-coupled receptor 43 gene(GPR 43)in the colonic *** interaction(P<0.05)of HPBR and HAMR was also found to decrease the gene expression of interleukin(IL)-6,IL-12,IL-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in colonic *** findings show that HAMR diet increased the abundance and activity of butyrate-producing bacteria and the concentration and absorption of SCFA,which may be associated with the decreased gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in the colonic mucosa of pigs with Prevotella-rich *** these alterations are likely to have a pos

关键词： Enterotype Amylose-to-amylopectin ratio gut health Finishing pig

Effects of a Food Supplement with a Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract on gut health and the Microbiome in Humans: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第11期13卷 931-949页

作者： Katharina Knaub Christiane Schön Cynthia G. Suarez Ivo Pischel BioTeSys GmbH Esslingen Germany Finzelberg GmbH & Co. KG Andernach Germany Dr. Ivo Pischel Consulting Rossbach Germany

Background: Based on the scientific and traditional knowledge, benefits for gut and digestive health were expected from Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) extract (WThE) consumption, but no controlled human studies were performed yet to prove the proposed health benefits. Method: The aim of this human randomized, double-blind parallel arm pilot study was to explore the impact of aqueous Wild Thyme extract, a food supplement, in a healthy but overweight study collective (N = 40). In detail, the impact on digestion, gastrointestinal symptoms, gut microbiome, and quality of life by employing an essential oil-free WThE preparation or a matching placebo was investigated. Results: The study results indicate that WThE has the potential to improve gastrointestinal symptoms and increase stool frequency, thus an improved quality of life was observed. The stool microbiome of study collective was characterized by a high Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio. A decrease in the mean Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was seen in WThE group. Conclusion: The data support the potential applications of WThE as a food supplement with benefits on gut health.

关键词： Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract gut health gut Microbiome Abdominal Comfort Bowel Movement Mental Well-Being Quality of Life

Black soldier fly and gut health in broiler chickens:insights into the relationship between cecal microbiota and intestinal mucin composition

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 841-852页

作者： Ilaria Biasato Ilario Ferrocino Sihem Dabbou Rocchina Evangelista Francesco Gai Laura Gasco Luca Cocolin Maria Teresa Capucchio Achille Schiavone Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Institute of Science of Food Production National Research CouncilLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly

Background:The relationship between diet and intestinal microbiota and mucin composition appears to be fundamental for poultry gut *** effects of insect meal(whose role as alternative feed ingredient is now well recognized)on gut microbiota and mucin composition have recently been reported in Tenebrio molitor-fed free-range and broiler chickens,but no data are currently available for Hermetia illucens(HI)-fed *** present study evaluated the effects of dietary HI meal inclusion on cecal microbiota and intestinal mucin composition of broiler ***:A total of 256 male broiler chickens were allotted to 4 dietary treatments(control diet[C]and 5%,10%and 15%HI meal inclusion,with 8 replicate pens/treatment and 8 birds/pen)and slaughtered at 35 d of age(2 animals/pen,16 birds/diet).The cecal microbiota assessment by 16S rRNA amplicon based sequencing showed lower alpha diversity in HI15 chickens(Shannon,Pgut mucin dynamics in terms of selection of potentially beneficial bacteria and increase in villi ***,high inclusion levels(in

关键词： 16S rRNA gut health Hermetia illucens L. Histochemistry Insect meal Microbiota Mucin Poultry

Medium-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides as feed additives for pig production:towards gut health improvement and feed pathogen mitigation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 611-625页

作者： Joshua A.Jackman RDean Boyd Charles C.Elrod School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Hanor Company FranklinKY 42134USA North Carolina State University RaleighNC 27695USA Natural Biologics Inc. NewfieldNY 14867USA Department of Animal Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA.

Ongoing challenges in the swine industry,such as reduced access to antibiotics and virus outbreaks(e.g.,porcine epidemic diarrhea virus,African swine fever virus),have prompted calls for innovative feed additives to support pig ***-chain fatty acids(MCFAs)and monoglycerides have emerged as a potential option due to key molecular features and versatile functions,including inhibitory activity against viral and bacterial *** this review,we summarize recent studies examining the potential of MCFAs and monoglycerides as feed additives to improve pig gut health and to mitigate feed *** molecular properties and biological functions of MCFAs and monoglycerides are first introduced along with an overview of intervention needs at different stages of pig *** latest progress in testing MCFAs and monoglycerides as feed additives in pig diets is then presented,and their effects on a wide range of production issues,such as growth performance,pathogenic infections,and gut health,are *** utilization of MCFAs and monoglycerides together with other feed additives such as organic acids and probiotics is also described,along with advances in molecular encapsulation and delivery ***,we discuss how MCFAs and monoglycerides demonstrate potential for feed pathogen mitigation to curb disease *** forward,we envision that MCFAs and monoglycerides may become an important class of feed additives in pig production for gut health improvement and feed pathogen mitigation.

关键词： Antibiotics Feed pathogen mitigation Growth promotion gut health Immune enhancement MCFA Medium-chain fatty acids Monoglycerides

Weaning stress and gastrointestinal barrier development:Implications for lifelong gut health in pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第4期3卷 313-321页

作者： Adam J.Moeser Calvin S.Pohl Mrigendra Rajput Gastrointestinal Stress Biology Laboratory Department of Large Animal Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineMichigan State University Neuroscience Program Michigan State University Department of Physiology Michigan State University

The gastrointestinal(GI) barrier serves a critical role in survival and overall health of animals and humans. Several layers of barrier defense mechanisms are provided by the epithelial, immune and enteric nervous systems. Together they act in concert to control normal gut functions(e.g., digestion,absorption, secretion, immunity, etc.) whereas at the same time provide a barrier from the hostile conditions in the luminal environment. Breakdown of these critical GI functions is a central pathophysiological mechanism in the most serious GI disorders in pigs. This review will focus on the development and functional properties of the GI barrier in pigs and how common early life production stressors, such as weaning, can alter immediate and long-term barrier function and disease *** stress-related pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for driving GI barrier dysfunction induced by weaning and the implications to animal health and performance will be discussed.

关键词： Intestinal barrier Pigs Stress Weaning gut health Mast cells