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Application of Fusobacterium nucleatum as a biomarker in gastrointestinal malignancies

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2271-2283页

作者： Long-Chen Yu Ya-Ping Li Yue-Ming Xin Mai Mao Ya-Xin Pan Yi-Xuan Qu Zheng-Dong Luo Yi Zhang Xin Zhang Department of Clinical Laboratory Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityShandong Engineering Research Center of Biomarker and Artificial Intelligence ApplicationJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina

The morbidity and mortality of gastrointestinal(GI)malignancies are among the highest in the world,posing a serious threat to human *** of the insidious onset of the cancer,it is difficult for patients to be diagnosed at an early stage,and it rapidly progresses to an advanced stage,resulting in poor treatment and *** nucleatum(***)is a gram-negative,sporefree anaerobic bacterium that primarily colonizes the oral cavity and is implicated in the development of colorectal,esophageal,gastric,and pancreatic cancers via various intricate *** development in novel research suggests that *** may function as a biomarker in GI *** the abundance of *** in stool,saliva,and serum samples of patients may aid in the diagnosis,risk assessment,and prognosis monitoring of GI *** editorial systematically describes the biological roles and mechanisms of *** in GI malignancies focusing on the application of *** as a biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of GI malignancies to promote the clinical translation of *** and GI tumors-related research.

关键词： gastrointestinal malignancies Fusobacterium nucleatum Biomarker Diagnosis Prognosis

Feasibility of personalized treatment concepts in gastrointestinal malignancies： Sub-group results of prospective clinical phase Ⅱ trial EXACT

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2018年第5期30卷 508-515页

作者： Matthias Unseld Robert Mader Lukas Baumann Clarence Veraar Fritz Wrba Fredrik Waneck Markus Kieler Daniela Bianconi Walter Berger Maria Sibilia Leonhard Miillauer Christoph Zielinski Gerald W. Prager Department of Medicine I Division of Oncology Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria Comprehensive Cancer Center Medical University Vienna - General Hospital Vienna 1090 Austria Department of Medical Statistics Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria Clinical Institute of Pathology Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria Department of Interventional Radiology Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria Department of Medicine I Institute of Cancer Research Medical University of Vienna Vienna 1090 Austria

Objective： Advances in high-throughput genomic profiling and the development of new targeted therapies improve patient＇s survival. In gastrointestinal （GI） malignancies, the concept of personalized medicine （PM） was not investigated so far. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficacy of a personalized treatment in GI patients who failed standard treatment. Methods： Out of the original prospective clinical phase II EXACT trial, 21 （38%） GI cancer patients who had no further treatment options were identified. A molecular profile （MP） via a 50 gene next generation sequencing （NGS） panel in combination with immunohistochemistry （IHC） was conducted using real-time biopsy tumor material. Results were discussed by a multidisciplinary team （MDT） to translate the individual MP in an experimental treatment. Results： Of the 55 patients originally included in the EXACT trial, 21 （38%） suffered from GI malignancies. The final analysis showed that 15 （71%） patients had experienced a longer progression-free survival （PFS） upon experimental targeted treatment （124 d, quartiles 70/193 d）, when compared with the PFS achieved by the previous conventional therapy （62 d, quartiles 55/83 d）（P=0.014）. Thirteen （62%） patients receiving targeted treatment experienced a disease control according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors （RECIST）. Median overall survival （OS） from the start of experimental therapy to time of censoring or death was 193 d （quartiles 115/374 d）. Conclusions： PM was not investigated in GI malignancies so far in a prospective trial. This study shows that treatment based on real-time molecular tumor profiling led to a superior clinical benefit, and survival as well as response was significantly improved when compared with previous standard medications.

关键词： Personalized medicine gastrointestinal malignancies prospective trial next generations sequencing

Nonoperative management of gastrointestinal malignancies in era of neoadjuvant treatment

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2023年第1期35卷 44-57页

作者： Nan Chen Jaffer A Ajani Aiwen Wu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Bejing) Gastrointestinal Cancer CenterPeking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Department of gastrointestinal Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston 77030USA

Cancers derived from the gastrointestinal(GI)tract are often treated with radical surgery to achieve a ***,recent advances in the management of GI cancers involve the use of a combination of neoadjuvant radiation and chemotherapy followed by surgical intervention to achieve improved local control and ***,a small proportion of patients with highly sensitive tumors achieved a pathological complete response(pCR)(no residual tumor cells in the resected specimen)to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy(nCRT).The desire for organ preservation and avoidance of surgical morbidity brings the idea of a nonoperative management(NOM)*** of the different nature of tumor biology,GI cancers present diverse responses to nCRT,ranging from high sensitivity(anal cancer)to low sensitivity(gastric/esophageal cancer).There is an increasing attention to NOM of localized GI cancers;however,without the use of biomarkers/imaging parameters to select such patients,NOM will remain a ***,this review intends to summarize some of the recent updates from the aspect of current nCRT regimens,criteria for patient selection and active surveillance *** also hope to review significant sequelae of radical surgery and the complications of nCRT to clarify the directions for optimization of nCRT and NOM for oncologic outcomes and quality of life.

关键词： Nonoperative management gastrointestinal malignancies neoadjuvant treatment

Efficacy and safety of preoperative immunotherapy in patients with mismatch repair-deficient or microsatellite instability-high gastrointestinal malignancies

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第2期15卷 222-233页

作者： Ying-Jie Li Xin-Zhi Liu Yun-Feng Yao Nan Chen Zhong-Wu Li Xiao-Yan Zhang Xin-Feng Lin Ai-Wen Wu Department of gastrointestinal Surgery Peking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Gastro-intestinal Ward III Beijing Cancer HospitalBeijing 100142China Department of Pathology Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Department of Radiology Peking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China Department of Nuclear Medicine Peking University Cancer Hospital&InstituteBeijing 100142China

BACKGROUND Programmed death protein(PD)-1 blockade immunotherapy significantly prolongs survival in patients with metastatic mismatch repair-deficient(dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H)gastrointestinal malignancies such gastric and colorectal ***,the data on preoperative immunotherapy are *** To evaluate the short-term efficacy and toxicity of preoperative PD-1 blockade *** In this retrospective study,we enrolled 36 patients with dMMR/MSI-H gastrointestinal *** the patients received PD-1 blockade with or without chemotherapy of CapOx regime ***1 blockade 200 mg was given intravenously over 30 min on day 1 of each 21-d *** Three patients with locally advanced gastric cancer achieved pathological complete response(pCR).Three patients with locally advanced duodenal carcinoma achieved clinical complete response(cCR),followed by watch and *** of 16 patients with locally advanced colon cancer achieved *** four patients with liver metastasis from colon cancer reached CR,including three with pCR and one with *** was achieved in two of five patients with nonliver metastatic colorectal *** was achieved in four of five patients with low rectal cancer,including three with cCR and one with *** was achieved in seven of 36 cases,among which,six were selected for watch and wait *** cCR was observed in gastric or colon *** Preoperative PD-1 blockade immunotherapy in dMMR/MSI-H gastrointestinal malignancies can achieve a high CR,especially in patients with duodenal or low rectal cancer,and can achieve high organ function protection.

关键词： Preoperative PD-1 blockade dMMR/MSI-H gastrointestinal malignancies

New trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 13-29页

作者： Efstathios T Pavlidis Ioannis N Galanis Theodoros E Pavlidis ^(nd)Propedeutic Department of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Gallbladder(GB)carcinoma,although relatively rare,is the most common biliary tree cholangiocarcinoma with aggressiveness and poor *** is closely associated with cholelithiasis and long-standing large(>3 cm)gallstones in up to 90%of *** other main predisposing factors for GB carcinoma include molecular factors such as mutated genes,GB wall calcification(porcelain)or mainly mucosal microcalcifications,and GB polyps≥1 cm in *** is made by ultrasound,computed tomography(CT),and,more precisely,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Preoperative staging is of great importance in decisionmaking regarding therapeutic *** staging is based on MRI findings,the leading technique for liver metastasis imaging,enhanced three-phase CT angiography,or magnetic resonance angiography for major vessel *** is also necessary to use positron emission tomography(PET)-CT or ^(18)F-FDG PET-MRI to more accurately detect metastases and any other occult deposits with active metabolic *** laparoscopy may detect dissemination not otherwise found in 20%-28.6%of *** treatment is needed,including surgical resection,targeted therapy by biological agents according to molecular testing gene mapping,chemotherapy,radiation therapy,and *** is of great importance to understand the updated guidelines and current treatment *** extent of surgical intervention depends on the disease stage,ranging from simple cholecystectomy(T1a)to extended resections and including extended cholecystectomy(T1b),with wide lymph node resection in every case or IV-V segmentectomy(T2),hepatic trisegmentectomy or major hepatectomy accompanied by hepaticojejunostomy Roux-Y,and adjacent organ resection if necessary(T3).Laparoscopic or robotic surgery shows fewer postoperative complications and equivalent oncological outcomes when compared to open surgery,but much attention must be paid to avoiding *** addition to surgery,novel targe

关键词： Biliary tract neoplasms Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder carcinoma Gallbladder diseases Biliary tree diseases gastrointestinal malignancies

Pancreatic cancer and depression

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第12期11卷 2631-2636页

作者： Kalliopi Michoglou Amsajini Ravinthiranathan Saw San Ti Saoirse Dolly Kiruthikah Thillai Department of Oncology Guy's and St Thomas'NHS Foundation TrustLondon Se19RTUnited Kingdom

Pancreatic cancer is a highly devastating disease with high mortality *** patients who undergo potential curative surgery have a high risk for *** incidence of depression and anxiety are higher in patients with cancer than the general ***,patients with pancreatic cancer are at most of risk of both depression and anxiety and there seems to be a biological *** some patients,depression seems to be a precursor to pancreatic *** this article we discuss the biological link between depression anxiety and hepatobiliary malignancies and discuss treatment strategies.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Depression Anxiety Cytokines gastrointestinal malignancies

Impact of artificial intelligence in the management of esophageal,gastric and colorectal malignancies

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Artificial Intelligence in gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第2期5卷 1-14页

作者： Ayrton Bangolo Nikita Wadhwani Vignesh K Nagesh Shraboni Dey Hadrian Hoang-Vu Tran Izage Kianifar Aguilar Auda Auda Aman Sidiqui Aiswarya Menon Deborah Daoud James Liu Sai Priyanka Pulipaka Blessy George Flor Furman Nareeman Khan Adewale Plumptre Imranjot Sekhon Abraham Lo Simcha Weissman Department of Internal Medicine Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Department of Medicine Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States

The incidence of gastrointestinal malignancies has increased over the past decade at an alarming *** and gastric cancers are the third and fifth most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide but are cited as the second and third leading causes of *** institution of appropriate therapy from timely diagnosis can optimize patient *** intelligence(AI)-assisted diagnostic,prognostic,and therapeutic tools can assist in expeditious diagnosis,treatment planning/response prediction,and post-surgical *** can intercept neoplastic lesions in their primordial stages,accurately flag suspicious and/or inconspicuous lesions with greater accuracy on radiologic,histopathological,and/or endoscopic analyses,and eliminate over-dependence on ***-based models have shown to be on par,and sometimes even outperformed experienced gastroenterologists and *** neural networks(state-of-the-art deep learning models)are powerful computational models,invaluable to the field of precision *** models not only reliably classify images,but also accurately predict response to chemotherapy,tumor recurrence,metastasis,and survival rates *** this systematic review,we analyze the available evidence about the diagnostic,prognostic,and therapeutic utility of artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal oncology.

关键词： Artificial intelligence gastrointestinal malignancies Machine learning Helicobacter pylori State-of-the-art deep learning models

Prevalence of malignant neoplasms in celiac disease patients-a nationwide United States population-based study

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第8期15卷 1048-1060页

作者： Maryam Bilal Haider Ali Al Sbihi Sushmitha Nanja Reddy Peter Green Department of Gastroenterology Northshore University Health SystemEvanstonIL 60201United States Department of Hematology/Oncology University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33101United States Department of Hematology/Oncology Karmanos Cancer Institute/Wayne State UniversityDetroitMI 48235United States Celiac Disease Center Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States

BACKGROUND Celiac disease(CeD)is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the immune response to gluten in genetically predisposed *** research has unveiled a heightened risk of developing specific malignant neoplasms(MN)and various malignancies,including gastrointestinal,lymphomas,skin,and others,in individuals with *** To investigate the prevalence of MN in hospitalized CeD patients in the United *** Using data from the National Inpatient Sample spanning two decades,from January 2000 to December 2019,we identified 529842 CeD patients,of which 78128(14.75%)had *** score matching,based on age,sex,race,and calendar year,was employed to compare CeD patients with the general non-CeD population at a 1:1 *** Positive associations were observed for several malignancies,including small intestine,lymphoma,nonmelanoma skin,liver,melanoma skin,pancreas myelodysplastic syndrome,biliary,stomach,and other neuroendocrine tumors(excluding small and large intestine malignant carcinoid),leukemia,uterus,and ***,CeD patients exhibited a reduced risk of respiratory and secondary ***,certain malignancies showed null associations with CeD,including head and neck,nervous system,esophagus,colorectal,anus,breast,malignant carcinoids,bone and connective tissues,myeloma,cervix,and ovary *** Our study is unique in highlighting the detailed results of positive,negative,or null associations between different hematologic and solid malignancies and ***,it offers insights into evolving trends in CeD hospital outcomes,shedding light on advancements in its management over the past two *** findings contribute valuable information to the understanding of CeD’s impact on health and healthcare utilization.

关键词： Celiac disease Malignant neoplasm Autoimmune disorder Hospitalized patients Healthcare utilization gastrointestinal malignancies Lymphomas Epidemiology