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Diagnostic value of antigenemia assay for cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal disease in immunocompromised patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第9期17卷 1185-1191页

作者： Naoyoshi Nagata Masao Kobayakawa Takuro Shimbo Kazufusa Hoshimoto Tomoyuki Yada Takuji Gotoda Junichi Akiyama Shinichi Oka Naomi Uemura Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Clinical Research and Informatics International Clinical Research Center Research Institute National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Clinical Laboratory Pathological Division National Center for Global Health and Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and MedicineKohnodai Hospital Division of Aids Clinical Center National Center for Global Health and Medicine

AIM:To investigate the utility of the cytomegalovirus(CMV)antigenemia assay for the diagnosis of CMV gastrointestinal disease(GID). METHODS:One hundred and thirty immunocompromised patients were enrolled in this *** with a history of anti-CMV treatment and who had not undergone examination using the antigenemia assay were ***-GID was defined as the detection of large cells with intranuclear inclusions alone or associated with granular cytoplasmic inclusions by *** sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically stained with *** evaluated the association between CMV-GID and patient characteristics(symptoms,underlying disease,medication,leukocyte counts,and antigenemia assay).All patients were checked with an human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibody test before endoscopic *** blood cell(WBC)counts were obtained from medical records within 1 wk of *** was defined as a total WBC countdisease,18 had autoimmune disease,19 had disorders of biochemical homeostasis, three had undergone transplantation,and 45 had HIV infection.A total of 50 patients had received immunosuppressive *** patients had inflammatory bowel ***-five patients were diagnosed as having *** analysis indicated an association between HIV infection,leukopenia,and positive antigenemia and CMV-GID(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis using logistic regression revealed that HIV infection and positive antigenemia were the only independent factors related to CMV-GID(P<0.01).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of antigenemia for CMV-GID were 65.4%,93.6%, 91.9%,and 71.0%,*** a subgroup analy-sis,patients with leukopenia displayed

关键词： Cytomegalovirus gastrointestinal disease Antigenemia assay Real-time polymerase chain reaction Human immunodeficiency virus infection

gastrointestinal and liver disease in patients with schizophrenia:A narrative review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第38期28卷 5515-5529页

作者： Rebecca K Grant William M Brindle Mhairi C Donnelly Pauline M McConville Thomas G Stroud Lorenzo Bandieri John N Plevris The Centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburghEH164SAUnited Kingdom General Adult Psychiatry Royal Edinburgh HospitalEdinburghEH105HFUnited Kingdom

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness which can have a devastating impact onan individual’s quality of life. Comorbidities are high amongst patients and lifeexpectancy is approximately 15 years less than the general population. Despite thewell-known increased mortality, little is known about the impact of gastrointestinaland liver disease on patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to reviewthe literature and to make recommendations regarding future care. Literaturesearches were performed on PubMed to identify studies related to gastrointestinaland liver disease in patients with schizophrenia. High rates of chronic liverdisease were reported, with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver disease being of particularconcern;antipsychotics and metabolic syndrome were contributing factors. Ratesof acute liver failure were low but have been associated with antipsychotic useand paracetamol overdose. Coeliac disease has historically been linked to schizophrenia;however, recent research suggests that a causal link is yet to be *** is emerging regarding the relationships between schizophrenia andpeptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome;clinical vigilance regarding these conditions should be high. Patients with schizophreniapoorly engage with bowel cancer screening programmes, leading to latediagnosis and increased mortality. Clozapine induced constipation is a significantissue for many patients and requires close monitoring. There is a significantburden of gastrointestinal and liver disease amongst patients with *** levels of support from all members of the medical team are essential toensure that appropriate, timely care is provided.

关键词： Schizophrenia gastrointestinal disease Liver disease Mental health

Different processing methods and pharmacological effects of Atractylodis Rhizoma

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第8期22卷 756-768页

作者： GUO Dongmei XU Kang WAN Qianyun YU Songyang MA Chaoyang ZHANG Baohui LIU Yanju QU Linghang College of Pharmacy Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan 430065China Center for Hubei TCM Processing Technology Engineering Wuhan 430065China Hubei Shizhen Laboratory Wuhan 430065China

Atractylodis Rhizoma,a traditional Chinese medicine with an extensive history of treating gastrointestinal disorders and other diseases,undergoes various processing methods in China to enhance its therapeutic efficacy for specific ***,a comprehensive report detailing the changes in chemical composition and pharmacological effects due to these processing methods is currently *** article provides a systematic review of the commonly employed processing techniques for Atractylodis Rhizoma,including raw Atractylodis Rhizoma(SCZ),bran-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma(FCZ),deep-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma(JCZ),and rice water-processed Atractylodis Rhizoma(MCZ).It examines the alterations in chemical constituents and pharmacological activities resulting from these processes and elucidates the mechanisms of action of the primary components in the various processed forms of Atractylodis Rhizoma in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.

关键词： Atractylodis Rhizoma Processing method Pharmacological effect Change in chemical composition gastrointestinal disease

Acupuncture treatment in gastrointestinal diseases: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第25期13卷 3417-3424页

作者： Antonius Schneider Konrad Streitberger Stefanie Joos University Hospital Heidelberg Department of General Practice and Health Services Research Germany University Hospital Heidelberg Department of Anaesthesiology Germany

The purpose of this work was to assess the evidence for effectiveness of acupuncture （AC） treatment in gastrointestinal diseases. A systematic review of the Medline-cited literature for clinical trials was performed up to May 2006. Controlled trials assessing acupuncture point stimulation for patients with gastrointestinal diseases were considered for inclusion. The search identified 18 relevant trials meeting the inclusion criteria. Two irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） trials, 1 Crohn＇s disease and 1 colitis ulcerosa trial had a robust random controlled trial （RCT） design. In regard to other gastrointestinal disorders, study quality was poor. In all trials, quality of life （QoL） improved significantly independently from the kind of acupuncture, real or sham. Real AC was significantly superior to sham acupuncture with regard to disease activity scores in the Crohn and Colitis trials. Efficacy of acupuncture related to QoL in IBS may be explained by unspecific effects. This is the same for QoL in inflammatory bowel diseases （IBD）, whereas specific acupuncture effects may be found in clinical scores. Further trials for IBDs and in particular for all other gastrointestinal disorders would be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture treatment. However, it must be discussed on what terms patients benefit when this harmless and obviously powerful therapy with regard to QoL is demystified by further placebo controlled trials.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Inflammatorybowel disease gastrointestinal disease Placebo Acupuncture

Efficacy and safety of Weichang’an pill(胃肠安丸)combined with Western Medicine on gastrointestinal diseases:a systematic review and Meta-analysis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023年第6期43卷 1057-1067页

作者： WANG Jiabao ZHANG Lishuang NIU Baihan YU Yajun YANG Fengwen MIAO Lin CHAI Lijuan DING Xinya SUN Yingjie WANG Yujing WANG Lin ZHANG Han WANG Yi LI Lin Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical FormulaeState Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China Department of Cardiology Tianjin Binhai New Area Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300451China Scientific Research Department the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450000China Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd.Lerentang Pharmaceutical FactoryTianjin 413204China

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Weichang’an pill(胃肠安丸,WCA)combined with Western Medicine(WM)for the treatment of gastrointestinal ***:Eight databases,including China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Wanfang Data,China Science and Technology Journal Database,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,and Embase,were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of WCA from inception to 30 September *** independently screened the literature,extracted data,and then evaluated the bias risk,effectiveness,safety,and other indicators of the included ***:A total of 33 RCTs were included in this study with 3368 *** analysis,it was found that WCA combined with WM could effectively prevent and treat antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal reaction,functional dyspepsia(FD),irritable bowel syndrome,rotavirus diarrhea(RVD),and ulcerative colitis(UC);no serious adverse reactions ***,compared with the control group,the experimental group showed significantly improved symptoms and some biochemical ***:WCA combined with WM for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases had better clinical efficacy than the control group,without serious adverse ***,in the treatment of FD,RVD,and UC,WCA improved clinical symptoms and biochemical indicator ***,owing to the restricted quality and quantity of the literature,the results need to be further studied using high-quality RCTs.

关键词： gastrointestinal disease integrative medicine Meta-analysis systematic review Weichang’an pill

Artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal diseases

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology 2021年第3期2卷 69-76页

作者： Shihori Tanabe Edward J Perkins Ryuichi Ono Hiroki Sasaki Division of Risk Assessment Center for Biological Safety and ResearchNational Institute of Health SciencesKawasaki 210-9501Japan Environmental Laboratory US Army Engineer Research and Development CenterVicksburgMS 3180United States Division of Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Center for Biological Safety and ResearchNational Institute of Health SciencesKawasaki 210-9501Japan Department of Clinical Genomics Fundamental Innovative Oncology CoreNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan

Artificial intelligence(AI)applications are growing in *** is important to understand the current state of the AI applications prior to utilizing in disease research and *** this review,AI application in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases are studied and *** most cases,AI studies had large amounts of data,including images,to learn to distinguish disease characteristics according to a human’s *** detailed pros and cons of utilizing AI approaches should be investigated in advance to ensure the safe application of AI in *** suggests that the collaborative usage of AI in both diagnosis and treatment of diseases will increase the precision and effectiveness of *** progress in genome technology such as genome editing provides a specific example where AI has revealed the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities of RNA detection and targeting.

关键词： Artificial intelligence gastrointestinal disease RNA Therapeutic application Inflammatory diseases

Clinical relevance of intestinal barrier dysfunction in common gastrointestinal diseases

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2020年第6期11卷 114-130页

作者： Andreas Muehler Jason R Slizgi Hella Kohlhof Manfred Groeppel Evelyn Peelen Daniel Vitt Immunic AGGräfelfing 82166Germany

The intestinal barrier is a complex and well-controlled physiological construct designed to separate luminal contents from the bowel *** this review,we focus on the intestinal barrier’s relationship with the host’s immune system interaction and the external environment,specifically the *** bowel allows the host to obtain nutrients vital to survival while protecting itself from harmful pathogens,luminal antigens,or other pro-inflammatory *** over barrier function and the luminal milieu is maintained at the biochemical,cellular,and immunological ***,disruption to this highly regulated environment can cause *** advances to the field have progressed the mechanistic understanding of compromised intestinal barrier function in the context of gastrointestinal *** are numerous examples where bowel barrier dysfunction and the resulting interaction between the microbiome and the immune system has disease-triggering *** purpose of this review is to summarize the clinical relevance of intestinal barrier dysfunction in common gastrointestinal and related *** may help highlight the importance of restoring barrier function as a therapeutic mechanism of action in gastrointestinal pathology.

关键词： Intestinal barrier Microbiome gastrointestinal disease Inflammatory bowel disease Inflammatory bowel syndrome Colitis

Placebo responses in patients with gastrointestinal disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第25期13卷 3425-3429页

作者： Frauke Musial Sibylle Klosterhalfen Paul Enck Department of Complementary and Integrative Medicine University Duisburg-Essen Germany Deptartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy University Hospitals Tübingen Germany

Over the last several years there has been a growing interest in placebo, not only as an inert control in clinical trials, but also in the placebo effect as a group effect as well as a reaction in individual subjects. Methodological factors such as regression to the mean and natural history of the disease play a role in the evaluation of a possible placebo effect. In this report, we discuss several factors including PavIovian conditioning, beliefs outcome, expectations, and other factors as potential mediators of the placebo response. Placebo effects are common in gastrointestinal diseases and there seems to be no clear difference between placebo effects in functional gastrointestinal diseases （functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome） and organic gastrointestinal disease （duodenal ulcer and inflammatory bowel disease）.

关键词： Placebo gastrointestinal disease Regressionto the mean Natural history PavIovian conditioning Outcome expectation Beliefs

Relationship of functional gastrointestinal disorders and psychiatric disorders: Implications for treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第14期13卷 2020-2027页

作者： Carol S North Barry A Hong David H Alpers Department of Psychiatry The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas and North Texas VA Health Care System DallasTXUnited States Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of Medicine St. LouisMOUnited States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Washington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUnited States

This article revisits the links between psychopathology and functional gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome （IBS）, discusses the rational use of antidepressants as well as non-pharmacological approaches to the management of IBS, and suggests guidelines for the treatment of IBS based on an interdisciplinary perspective from the present state of knowledge. Relevant published literature on psychiatric disorders, especially somatization disorder, in the context of [BS, and literature providing direction for management is reviewed, and new directions are provided from findings in the literature. IBS is a heterogeneous syndrome with various potential mechanisms responsible for its clinical presentations. IBS is typically complicated with psychiatric issues, unexplained symptoms, and functional syndromes in other organ systems. Most IBS patients have multiple complaints without demonstrated cause, and that these symptoms can involve systems other than the intestine, e.g. bones and joints （fibromyalgia, temporomandibular joint syndrome）, heart （non-cardiac chest pain）, vascular （post-menopausal syndrome）, and brain （anxiety, depression）. Host IBS patients do not have psychiatric illness per se, but a range of psychoform （psychological complaints in the absence of psychiatric disorder） symptoms that accompany their somatoform （physical symptoms in the absence of medical disorder） complaints. It is not correct to label IBS patients as psychiatric patients （except those more difficult patients with true somatization disorder）. One mode of treatment is unlikely to be universally effective or to resolve most symptoms. The techniques of psychotherapy or cognitive-behavioral therapy can allow IBS patients to cope more readily with their illness. Specific episodes of depressive or anxiety disorders can be managed as appropriate for those conditions. Medications designed to improve anxiety or depression are not uniformly useful for psychiatric complaints in IB

关键词： Irritiable bowel syndrome Functionadisorders gastrointestinal disease Somatization disorderSomatoform Psychoform Psychotropic medicationPsychotherapy Symptoms Psychiatric disorder