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Optimizing the thickness of Ta_(2)O_(5) interfacial barrier layer to limit the oxidization of Ta ohmic interface and ZrO_(2) switching layer for multilevel data storage

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第11期106卷 98-107页

作者： Muhammad Ismail Haider Abbas Chandreswar Mahata Changhwan Choi Sungjun Kim Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Dongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

The multilevel storage capability of nonvolatile resistive random access memory(ReRAM)is greatly de-sired to accomplish high functioning memory *** this study,Ta_(2)O_(5) thin film with different thick-nesses(2,4,and 6 nm)was exploited as an appropriate interfacial barrier layer for limiting the formation of the interfacial layer between the 10 nm thick sputtering deposited resistive switching(RS)layer and Ta ohmic electrode to improve the switching cycle endurance and *** show that lower form-ing voltage,narrow distribution of SET-voltages,good dc switching cycles(10^(3)),high pulse endurance(10^(6) cycles),long retention time(10^(4) s at room temperature and 100℃),and reliable multilevel resis-tance states were obtained at an appropriate thickness of∼2 nm Ta_(2)O_(5) interfacial barrier layer instead of without Ta_(2)O_(5) and with∼4 nm,and∼6 nm Ta_(2)O_(5) barrier layer,ZrO_(2)-based memristive ***,multilevel resistance states have been scientifically investigated via modulating the compliance current(CC)and RESET-stop voltages,which displays that all of the resistance states were distinct and stayed stable without any considerable deprivation over 10^(4) s retention time and 104 pulse endurance *** I-V characteristics of RESET-stop voltage(from−1.7 to−2.3 V)of HRS are found to be a good linear fit with the Schottky *** can be seen that Schottky barrier height rises by increasing the stop-voltage during RESET-operation,resulting in enhancing the data storage memory window(on/offratio).Moreover,RESET-voltage and CC control of HRS and LRS revealed the physical origin of the RS mecha-nism,which entails the formation and rupture of conducting *** is thoroughly investigated that proper optimization of the barrier layer at the ohmic interface and the switching layer is essential in memristive *** results demonstrate that the ZrO_(2)-based memristive device with an optimized∼2 nm Ta_(2)O_(5) barrier

关键词： Resistive switching Ta_(2)O_(5)/ZrO_(2)bilayer film barrier layer thickness Multilevel resistance states RESET-stop voltage

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Assessment of Interannual Sea Surface Salinity Variability and Its Effects on the barrier layer in the Equatorial Pacific Using BNU-ESM

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2016年第3期33卷 339-351页

作者： Hai ZHI Rong-Hua ZHANG Fei ZHENG Pengfei LIN Lanning WANG Peng YU Earth System Modeling Center and College of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences International Center for Climate and Environment Science Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal University Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites University of MarylandCollege Park

As salinity stratification is necessary to form the barrier layer （BL）, the quantification of its role in BL interannual variability is crucial. This study assessed salinity variability and its effect on the BL in the equatorial Pacific using outputs from Beijing Normal University Earth System Model （BNU-ESM） simulations. A comparison between observations and the BNU-ESM simulations demonstrated that BNU-ESM has good capability in reproducing most of the interannual features observed in nature. Despite some discrepancies in both magnitude and location of the interannual variability centers, the displacements of sea surface salinity （SSS）, barrier layer thickness （BLT）, and SST simulated by BNU-ESM in the equatorial Pacific are realistic. During E1 Nifio, for example, the modeled interannual anomalies of BLT, mixed layer depth, and isothermal layer depth, exhibit good correspondence with observations, including the development and decay of E1 Nifio in the central Pacific, whereas the intensity of the interannual variabilities is weaker relative to observations. Due to the bias in salinity simulations, the SSS front extends farther west along the equator, whereas BLT variability is weaker in the central Pacific than in observations. Further, the BNU-ESM simulations were examined to assess the relative effects of salinity and temperature variability on BLT. Consistent with previous observation-based analyses, the interannual salinity variability can make a significant contribution to BLT relative to temperature in the western-central equatorial Pacific.

关键词： feedback interannual variability sea surface salinity barrier layer thickness

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Interannual variability in the barrier layer and forcing mechanism in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第7期39卷 19-31页

作者： Tian Ma Xuhua Cheng Yiquan Qi Jiajia Chen Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting Ministry of Natural ResourcesHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000China

Interannual variability(IAV)in the barrier layer thickness(BLT)and forcing mechanisms in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean(EEIO)and Bay of Bengal(BoB)are examined using monthly Argo data sets during 2002–*** BLT during November–January(NDJ)in the EEIO shows strong IAV,which is associated with the Indian Ocean dipole mode(IOD),with the IOD leading the BLT by two *** the negative IOD phase,the westerly wind anomalies driving the downwelling Kelvin waves increase the isothermal layer depth(ILD).Moreover,the variability in the mixed layer depth(MLD)is *** by the Wyrtki jet,the MLD presents negative anomalies west of 85°E and strong positive anomalies between 85°E and 93°***,the BLT shows positive anomalies except between 86°E and 92°E in the ***,the IAV in the BLT during December–February(DJF)in the BoB is also *** the eastern and northeastern BoB,the IAV in the BLT is remotely forced by equatorial zonal wind stress anomalies associated with the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).In the western BoB,the regional surface wind forcing-related ENSO modulates the BLT variations.

关键词： barrier layer thickness interannual variability eastern equatorial Indian Ocean Bay of Bengal

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Effects of monsoon onset vortex on heat budget in the mixed layer of the Bay of Bengal

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第6期38卷 1616-1631页

作者： Effects of monsoon onset vortex on heat budget in the mixed layer of the Bay of BengalXU Kang LIU Boqi LIU Yu WANG Weiqiang HE Zhuoqi State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Institute of Climate System Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanya 572000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

We investigated the effects of monsoon onset vortex(MOV)on the mixed layer heat budget in the Bay of Bengal(BOB)in spring 2003 using the reanalysis *** results suggest that the solar radiation flux penetrating the mixed layer and the existence of barrier layer are both able to modulate the effects of MOV on the evolution of sea surface temperature(SST)in the *** to the formation of BOB MOV,the local SST raised quickly due to mass of solar radiation reaching the sea surface under the clear-sky ***,since the mixed layer was shallow before the onset of the Asian summer monsoon(ASM),some solar radiation flux could penetrate to directly heat the deeper water,which partly offset the warming effect of shortwave *** the other hand,the in-situ SST started to cool due to the upwelling of cold water when the MOV generated over the BOB,along with the rapidly increased surface wind speed and its resultant deeper mixed *** the MOV developed and moved northward,the SST tended to decrease remarkably because of the strong upward surface latent heat flux over the BOB ascribed to the wind-evaporation ***,the MOV-related precipitation brought more fresh water into the upper ocean to produce a thicker barrier layer,whose thermal barrier effect damped the cooling effect of entrainment upwelling on the decrease tendency of the BOB *** other words,the thermal barrier effect could slow down the decreasing trend of the BOB SST even after the onset of ASM,which facilitated the further enhancement of the MOV.

关键词： monsoon onset vortex(MOV) Bay of Bengal air-sea interaction mixed layer depth barrier layer thickness heat budget analysis

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Influence of the AlGaN barrier thickness on polarization Coulomb field scattering in an AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistor

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第8期24卷 534-538页

作者：吕元杰冯志红顾国栋尹甲运房玉龙王元刚谭鑫周幸叶林兆军冀子武蔡树军 National Key Laboratory of Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) Hebei Semiconductor Research Institute School of Physics Shandong University

In this study rectangular AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistors(HFETs) with 22-nm and 12-nm AlGaN barrier layers are fabricated, respectively. Using the measured capacitance–voltage and current–voltage characteristics of the prepared devices with different Schottky areas, it is found that after processing the device, the polarization Coulomb field(PCF) scattering is induced and has an important influence on the two-dimensional electron gas electron ***, the influence of PCF scattering on the electron mobility is enhanced by reducing the AlGaN barrier *** leads to the quite different variation of the electron mobility with gate bias when compared with the AlGaN barrier thickness. This mainly happens because the thinner AlGaN barrier layer suffers from a much stronger electrical field when applying a gate bias, which gives rise to a stronger converse piezoelectric effect.

关键词： AlGaN/AlN/GaN barrier layer thickness electron mobility polarization Coulomb field scattering

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Oceanic Indices for Forecasting Seasonal Rainfall over the Northern Part of Brazilian Northeast

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American Journal of Climate Change 2016年第2期5卷 261-274页

作者： Gbèkpo Aubains Hounsou-Gbo Jacques Servain Moacyr Araujo Eduardo Sávio Martins Bernard Bourlès Guy Caniaux Laboratório de Oceanografia Física Estuarina e Costeira (LOFEC) Departamento de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (DOCEAN-UFPE) Recife Brazil Rede Brasileira de Pesquisas sobre Mudancas Climáticas Globais (Rede Clima) Sao José dos Campos Brazil International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications (ICMPA) UNESCO Chair Cotonou Benin Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) LOCEAN Paris France Departamento de Oceanografia UFPE Recife Brazil Fundacao Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hidricos (FUNCEME) Fortaleza Brazil Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) LEGOS Brest France CNRM UMR 3589 Météo-France/CNRS Toulouse France

A relationship between oceanic conditions in the northwestern equatorial Atlantic (NWEA) and the seasonal rainfall over the northern part of Brazilian Northeast (NNEB) allows large climate events to be forecasted with a delay of a few months. Observed sea surface variables (sea surface temperature, wind stress and latent heat flux) and reanalyzed temperature and salinity profiles at depths of 0 - 150 m are used during 1974-2008. Perturbations in the Wind-Evaporation-SST mechanism over the NWEA during the last months of the year and the first months of the following year are of primary importance in evaluating the risk that strong climate events will affect the subsequent seasonal rainfall (in March-April) over the NNEB. Especially interesting are the barrier layer thickness (BLT) and Ocean Heat Content (OHC) in the NWEA region from August-September through the subsequent months, during which a slow and steady evolution is apparent, with the highest signal occurring in October-November. Through their relationship with the local surface dynamic conditions, such BLT and OHC perturbations during the last months of the year can be used as a valuable indicator for forecasting wet or dry events over the NNEB during the subsequent rainfall season. A proposal is discussed to deploy additional temperature/conductivity sensors down to a depth of 140 m at three PIRATA moorings located in the NWEA region. That will be necessary if the BLT and other parameters of energy exchange between the ocean and atmosphere are to be estimated in real time and with a sufficiently high vertical resolution.

关键词： Brazilian Northeast Seasonal Rainfall barrier layer thickness Oceanic Heat Content

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