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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第4期12卷 603-606页

作者： Yuli Park Hong Kyu Kim Kyong Jin Cho department of Ophthalmology Dankook University Hospital Dankook University College of Medicine

AIM: To assess choroidal thickness(CT) and its association with ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPLT) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(rNFLT) in open angle glaucoma(OAG) comparing with preperimetric glaucoma(PPG) and normal ***: Totally 55 eyes of OAG, 40 eyes of PPG, and 40 eyes of age-matched normal eyes were studied. Peripapillary CT(PCT), macular CT(MCT), rNFLT, and GCIPLT were evaluated. relationship between the CT with rNFLT and GCIPLT were studied. The correlation between CT and confounding variables as gender, age, intraocular pressure, and visual field mean deviation were analyzed. rESULTS: Mean PCT were 113.6±39.1 μm in OAG, 116.3±42.7 μm in PPG, and 148.9±41.7 μm in normal eyes. PCT and MCT was thinner in OAG compared to healthy eyes. There was a significant correlation for PCT and mean rNFLT in 1, 2, 6, and 7 clock hours of OAG eyes. The difference in PCT remained after adjusting for axial length, age, and disc area(P=0.003). No significant correlation was shown between MCT and mean GCIPLT in all ***: PCT is thinner in OAG and PPG compared with healthy eyes. The correlation of rNFLT and PCT found in OAG and PPG is not revealed in normal eyes.

关键词： choroidal thickness ganglion cell complex optical coherence tomography glaucoma

Hybrid renewable Energy resources Management for Optimal Energy Operation in Nano-Grid

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2091-2105页

作者： Faiza Qayyum Faisal Jamil Shabir Ahmad do-Hyeun Kim department of Computer Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju-siJeju Special Self-Governing Province63243Korea department of IT Convergence Engineering Gachon UniversitySujeong-GuSeongnam-SiGyeonggi-Do461-701Korea

renewable energy resources are deemed a potential energy production source due to their cost efficiency and harmless reaction to the environment,unlike non-renewable energy ***,they often fail to meet energy requirements in unfavorable weather *** concept of Hybrid renewable energy resources addresses this issue by integrating both renewable and non-renewable energy resources to meet the required energy *** this paper,an intelligent cost optimization algorithm is proposed to maximize the use of renewable energy resources and minimum utilization of non-renewable energy resources to meet the energy requirement for a nanogrid *** actual data set comprising information about the load and demand of utility grids is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed nanogrid energy management *** objective function is formulated to manage the nanogrid operation and implemented using a variant of Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)named recurrent PSO(rPSO).Firstly,rPSO algorithm minimizes the installation cost for ***,the proposed NEMS ensures cost efficiency for the post-installation period by providing a daily operational plan and optimizing renewable ***-of-the-art optimization models,including Genetic Algorithm(GA),bat and different Mathematical programming Language(AMPL)solvers,are used to evaluate the *** study’s outcomes suggest that the proposed work significantly reduces the use of diesel generators and fosters the use of renewable energy resources and beneficiates the eco-friendly environment.

关键词： Smart grid nanogrid distributed generation(dG) renewable energy optimization machine learning

Blockchain Based Secured Load Balanced Task Scheduling Approach for Fitness Service

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 2599-2616页

作者： Muhammad Ibrahim Faisal Jamil YunJung Lee doHyeun Kim Big data research Center Department of Computer Science and StatisticsJeju National UniversityKoreaJeju-si63243Korea department of Computer Engineering(and Advanced Technology research Institute) Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Korea

In recent times,the evolution of blockchain technology has got huge attention from the research community due to its versatile applications and unique security *** IoT has shown wide adoption in various applications including smart cities,healthcare,trade,business,*** these applications,fitness applications have been widely considered for smart fitness *** users of the fitness system are increasing at a high rate thus the gym providers are constantly extending the fitness ***,scheduling such a huge number of requests for fitness exercise is a big ***,the user fitness data is critical thus securing the user fitness data from unauthorized access is also *** overcome these issues,this work proposed a blockchain-based load-balanced task scheduling approach.A thorough analysis has been performed to investigate the applications of IoT in the fitness industry and various scheduling *** proposed scheduling approach aims to schedule the requests of the fitness users in a load-balanced way that maximize the acceptance rate of the users’requests and improve resource *** performance of the proposed task scheduling approach is compared with the state-of-the-art approaches concerning the average resource utilization and task rejection *** obtained results confirm the efficiency of the proposed scheduling *** investigating the performance of the blockchain,various experiments are performed using the Hyperledger Caliper concerning latency,throughput,resource *** Solo approach has shown an improvement of 32%and 26%in throughput as compared to raft and Solo-raft approaches *** obtained results assert that the proposed architecture is applicable for resource-constrained IoT applications and is extensible for different IoT applications.

关键词： Load balancing resource scheduling task scheduling Internet of things blockchain fitness applications

Towards a dynamic Virtual IoT Network Based on User requirements

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第11期69卷 2231-2244页

作者： Faisal Mehmood Shabir Ahmad Israr Ullah Faisal Jamil doHyeun Kim department of Computer Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju63243Korea department of I.T.Convergence Engineering Gachon UniversitySeongnam-Si461-701Korea department of Software Engineering University of Engineering&Technology MardanMardan23200Pakistan

The data being generated by the Internet of Things needs to be stored,monitored,and analyzed for maximum IoT resource *** defined Networking has been extensively utilized to address issues such as heterogeneity and ***,for small-scale IoT application,sometimes it is considered an inefficient *** paper proposes an alternate lightweight mechanism to the design and implementation of a dynamic virtual network based on user *** key idea is to provide users a virtual interface that enables them to reconfigure the communication flow between the sensors and actuators at *** throughput of the communication flow depends on the data traffic load and optimal *** can reconfigure the communication flow,and virtual agents find the optimal route to handle the traffic *** virtual network provides a user-friendly interface to allow physical devices to be mapped with the corresponding virtual *** proposed network is applicable for all systems that lie in the Internet of Things *** conclude that the proposed network is efficient,reliable,and responsive to network reconfiguration at runtime.

关键词： Internet of things software-defined networks virtual network inter-process communication cloud of things

Complex Problems Solution as a Service Based on Predictive Optimization and Tasks Orchestration in Smart Cities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 1271-1288页

作者： Shabir Ahmad Jehad Ali Faisal Jamil Taeg Keun Whangbo doHyeun Kim department of IT Convergence Engineering Gachon UniversitySujeong-GuSeongnam-SiGyeonggi-Do461-701Korea department of Computer Engineering and Department of AI Convergence NetworkAjou UniversitySuwonKorea Computer Engineering department Jeju National UniversityJeju63243Korea

Smart cities have different contradicting goals having no apparent *** selection of the appropriate solution,which is considered the best compromise among the candidates,is known as complex *** city administrators face different problems of complex nature,such as optimal energy trading in microgrids and optimal comfort index in smart homes,to mention a *** paper proposes a novel architecture to offer complex problem solutions as a service(CPSaaS)based on predictive model optimization and optimal task orchestration to offer solutions to different problems in a smart *** model optimization uses a machine learning module and optimization objective to compute the given problem’s *** task orchestration module helps decompose the complex problem in small tasks and deploy them on real-world physical sensors and *** proposed architecture is hierarchical and modular,making it robust against faults and easy to *** proposed architecture’s evaluation results highlight its strengths in fault tolerance,accuracy,and processing speed.

关键词： Internet of things complex problem solving task modeling embedded IoT systems predictive optimization artificial cognition task orchestration

SdN Based ddos Mitigating Approach Using Traffic Entropy for IoT Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 5651-5665页

作者： Muhammad Ibrahim Muhammad Hanif Shabir Ahmad Faisal Jamil Tayyaba Sehar YunJung Lee doHyeun Kim department of Computer Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju-siJeju Special Self-Governing Province63243Korea Virtual University Islamabad Pakistan department of IT Convergence Engineering Gachon UniversitySujeong-GuSeongnam-SiGyeonggi-Do461-701Korea department of Computer Science and Statistics Jeju National UniversityKorea

The Internet of Things(IoT)has been widely adopted in various domains including smart cities,healthcare,smart factories,*** the last few years,the fitness industry has been reshaped by the introduction of smart fitness solutions for individuals as well as fitness *** IoT fitness devices collect trainee data that is being used for various ***,it will face numerous security and privacy issues towards its *** work focuses on IoT security,especially doS/ddoS *** this paper,we have proposed a novel blockchain-enabled protocol(BEP)that uses the notion of a self-exposing node(SEN)approach for securing fitness IoT *** blockchain and SdN architectures are employed to enhance IoT security by a highly preventive security monitoring,analysis and response *** proposed approach helps in detecting the doS/ddoS attacks on the IoT fitness system and then mitigating the *** BEP is used for handling Blockchain-related activities and SEN could be a sensor or actuator node within the fitness IoT *** provides information about the inbound and outbound traffic to the BEP which is used to analyze the doS/ddoS attacks on the fitness IoT *** SENcalculates the inbound and outbound traffic features’entropies and transmits them to the Blockchain in the form of transaction *** BEP picks the whole mined blocks’transactions and transfers them to the SdN controller *** controller node correlates the entropies data of SENs and decides about the doS or ddoS ***,there are two decision points,one is SEN,and another is the *** evaluate the performance of our proposed system,several experiments are performed and results concerning the entropy values and attack detection rate are *** proposed approach has outperformed the other two approaches concerning the attack detection rate by an increase of 11%and 18%against Approach 1 and Approach 2 respectively.

关键词： SdN control plane load balancing decision tree CPU utilization

Beyond the acoustic diffraction limit: superresolution localization optoacoustic tomography (LOT)

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 892-894页

作者： Chulhong Kim departments of Creative IT Engineering Electrical EngineeringMechanical EngineeringInterdisciplinary Bioscience and BioengineeringPohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangGyeongbuk 37673Republic of Korea

Localization optoacoustic tomography provides superresolution imaging capability in 3d beyond the acoustic diffraction limit,which can be crucial for mapping microcirculation in cancers,brain functions,peripheral vascular diseases,***(also referred to as photoacoustic)tomography(OAT)has been gaining popularity for preclinical and clinical imaging during the past couple of *** breaks the long-standing shallow imaging depth limitation of conventional optical imaging by forming an image using the optoacoustic(OA)*** advances in ultrasound imaging technologies,OAT provides rich optical contrast while achieving high spatial resolution deep inside living subjects(up to several centimeters).Thanks to these hybrid technologies,the use of preclinical OAT to study cancer physiopathology,neural physiology,drug delivery,vascular diseases,etc.,has spread globally to many *** importantly,the applications of OAT have been extended to include many clinical trials,such as early diagnosis and treatment monitoring of cancers,imaging of the bowel for diseases,human neuroimaging for diagnosing neurological defects,imaging of peripheral arteries and veins for detecting vascular disease,and intravascular imaging for characterizing plaque.

关键词： limit resolution globally

Super-resolution localization photoacoustic microscopy using intrinsic red blood cells as contrast absorbers

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 212-222页

作者： Jongbeom Kim Jin Young Kim Seungwan Jeon Jin Woo BAIK Seong Hee Cho Chulhong Kim departments of Creative IT Engineering Electrical EngineeringMechanical Engineeringand Interdisciplinary Bioscience and BioengineeringPohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)77 Cheongam-roNam-guPohangGyeongbuk 37673Republic of Korea

Photoacoustic microscopy(PAM)has become a premier microscopy tool that can provide the anatomical,functional,and molecular information of animals and humans in ***,conventional PAM systems suffer from limited temporal and/or spatial ***,we present a fast PAM system and an agent-free localization method based on a stable and commercial galvanometer scanner with a custom-made scanning mirror(L-PAM-GS).This novel hardware implementation enhances the temporal resolution significantly while maintaining a high signal-to-noise ratio(SNr).These improvements allow us to photoacoustically and noninvasively observe the microvasculatures of small animals and humans in ***,the functional hemodynamics,namely,the blood flow rate in the microvasculature,is successfully monitored and quantified in *** importantly,thanks to the high SNr and fast B-mode rate(500 Hz),by localizing photoacoustic signals from captured red blood cells without any contrast agent,unresolved microvessels are clearly distinguished,and the spatial resolution is improved by a factor of 2.5 in ***-GS has great potential in various fields,such as neurology,oncology,and pathology.

关键词： resolution absorber scanner

Tuning the inhomogeneous charge transport in ZnO interfaces for ultrahigh on/off ratio top-gated field-effect-transistor arrays

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Nano research 2020年第11期13卷 3033-3040页

作者： Thanh Luan Phan dinh Loc duong Tuan Khanh Chau Sidi Fan Won Tae Kang Thi Suong Le Hyun Yong Song Linfeng Sun Van Tu Vu Min Ji Lee Quoc An Vu Young Hee Lee Woo Jong Yu department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics(CINAP) Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Suwon16419Republic of Korea department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea department of Physics Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea

The interface between oxide/oxide layers shows an inhomogeneous charge transport behavior,which reveals a high conductivity owing to *** typical example is the hetero-interface between ZnO film and other wide band gap oxides(e.g.,Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and HfO_(2)).It is thus quite evident that the ZnO/other oxides hetero-interface contains high density electron carriers effectively screening the gate-induced electric ***,an extremely weak gate modulation in ZnO film was showed,resulting in very low on/off ratio of 1.69 in top-gate field-effect-transistor(TG-FET)***,to extend the usage of ZnO TG-FET is not quite possible toward further practical ***,we clarified the correlation of inhomogeneous region in oxide/oxide hetero-junction by systematically *** work suggests that a self-assembly of molecules(SAM)buffer layer is suitable for tuning the inhomogeneous charge transport in ZnO film,which not only reduces the interface trap density,but also effectively enhances the gate electric field modulation at the *** further report the robust fabrication of TG-FET arrays based on ZnO thin film,using an ultra-thin alkylphosphonic acid molecule monolayer as buffer *** device demonstrates a pronounced ultrahigh on/off ratio of≥10^(8),which is 8-order of magnitude higher than that of a device without buffer *** the highly reliable arrays,our device exhibits a high yield of over 93%with an average on/off ratio of^10^(7) across the entire wafer scale,mobility(18.5 cm^(2)/(V·s)),an extended bias-stressing(~2,000 s)and long-stability(~150 days)under ambient conditions.

关键词： zinc oxides thin-film field-effect-transistor self-assembly molecule inhomogeneous charge transport interface engineering

Enhanced 3d Point Cloud reconstruction for Light Field Microscopy Using U-Net-Based Convolutional Neural Networks

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第12期47卷 2921-2937页

作者： Shariar Md Imtiaz Ki-Chul Kwon F.M.Fahmid Hossain MdBiddut Hossain rupali Kiran Shinde Sang-Keun Gil Nam Kim department of Information and Communication Engineering Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju-siChungcheongbuk-do28644Korea department of Electronic Engineering University of SuwonHwaseong-siGyeonggi-do18323Korea

This article describes a novel approach for enhancing the three-dimensional(3d)point cloud reconstruction for light field microscopy(LFM)using U-net architecture-based fully convolutional neural network(CNN).Since the directional view of the LFM is limited,noise and artifacts make it difficult to reconstruct the exact shape of 3d point *** existing methods suffer from these problems due to the self-occlusion of the *** manuscript proposes a deep fusion learning(dL)method that combines a 3d CNN with a U-Net-based model as a feature *** sub-aperture images obtained from the light field microscopy are aligned to form a light field data cube for preprocessing.A multi-stream 3d CNNs and U-net architecture are applied to obtain the depth feature fromthe directional sub-aperture LF data *** the enhancement of the depthmap,dual iteration-based weighted median filtering(WMF)is used to reduce surface noise and enhance the accuracy of the *** a 3d point cloud involves combining two key elements:the enhanced depth map and the central view of the light field *** proposed method is validated using synthesized Heidelberg Collaboratory for Image Processing(HCI)and real-world LFM *** results are compared with different state-of-the-art *** structural similarity index(SSIM)gain for boxes,cotton,pillow,and pens are 0.9760,0.9806,0.9940,and 0.9907,***,the discrete entropy(dE)value for LFM depth maps exhibited better performance than other existing methods.

关键词： 3dreconstruction 3dmodeling point cloud depth estimation integral imaging light filedmicroscopy 3d-CNN U-Net deep learning machine intelligence