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Underwater minirobots actuated by hybrid driving method

Journal of zhejiang university-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2023年第7期24卷 596-611页

作者： Xinghong YE Yang YANG Pengcheng JIAO Zhiguo HE Lingwei LI Institute of Port Coastal and Offshore EngineeringOcean CollegeZhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Engineering Research Center of Oceanic Sensing Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China Department of Biomedical Engineering(BME) National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Key Laboratory of Marine Geotechnical Engineering and Materials Zhoushan 316021China

Underwater minirobots have attracted significant interest due to their value in complex application *** underwater minirobots are driven mainly by a soft or rigid ***,soft actuation is currently facing challenges,including inadequate motional control accuracy and the lack of a continuous and steady driving force,while conventional rigid actuation has limited actuation efficiency,environmental adaptability,and motional flexibility,which severely limits the accomplishment of complicated underwater *** this study,we developed underwater minirobots actuated by a hybrid driving method(HDM)that combines combustion-based actuators and propeller thrusters to achieve accurate,fast,and flexible underwater locomotion *** experiments were conducted to investigate the kinematic performance of the minirobots with respect to the motion modes of rising,drifting,and *** models were used to investigate the kinematic characteristics of the minirobots,and theoretical models developed to unveil the mechanical principle that governs the driving *** agreement was obtained from comarisons of the experimental,numerical,and theoretical ***,the HDM was compared with selected hybrid driving technologies in terms of acceleration and response *** comparison showed that the minirobots based on HDM were generally superior in transient actuation ability and reliability.

关键词： Hybrid driving method(HDM) Underwater minirobots Operation reliability Transient actuation

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Cellular and Transcriptional Dynamics during Brown Adipose Tissue Regeneration under Acute Injury

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 345-357页

作者： Wenjing You Ziye Xu Wentao Chen Xin Yang Shiqi Liu Liyi Wang Yuang Tu Yanbing Zhou Teresa G.Valencak Yizhen Wang Shihuan Kuang Tizhong Shan College of Animal Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition Ministry of EducationHangzhouChina zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition HangzhouChina Department of Laboratory Medicine the First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Department of Animal Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA.

Brown adipose tissue(BAT)is the major site of non-shivering thermogenesis and crucial for systemic *** chronic cold exposures and high-fat diet challenges,BAT undergoes robust remodeling to adapt to physiological ***,whether and how BAT regenerates after acute injuries are poorly ***,we established a novel BAT injury and regeneration model(BAT-IR)in mice and performed single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and bulk RNA-seq to determine cellular and transcriptomic dynamics during *** further defined distinct fibro-adipogenic and myeloid progenitor populations contributing to BAT *** trajectory and gene expression analyses uncovered the involvement of MAPK,Wnt,and Hedgehog(Hh)signaling pathways in BAT *** confirmed the role of Hh signaling in BAT development through Myf5Cre-mediated conditional knockout(cKO)of the Sufu gene to activate Hh signaling in BAT and muscle *** BAT-IR model therefore provides a paradigm to identify conserved cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying BAT development and remodeling.

关键词： injuries involvement acute

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Sustained‑Release Nanocapsules Enable Long‑Lasting Stabilization of Li Anode for Practical Li‑Metal Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第12期12卷 239-250页

作者： Qianqian Liu Yifei Xu Jianghao Wang Bo Zhao Zijian Li Hao Bin Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China

A robust solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)enabled by electrolyte additive is a promising approach to stabilize Li anode and improve Li cycling ***,the self-sacrificial nature of SEI forming additives limits their capability to stabilize Li anode for long-term ***,we demonstrate nanocapsules made from metal–organic frameworks for sustained release of LiNO3 as surface passivation additive in commercial carbonate-based *** nanocapsules can offer over 10 times more LiNO3 than the solubility of *** supply of LiNO3 by nanocapsules forms a nitride-rich SEI layer on Li anode and persistently remedies SEI during prolonged *** a result,lifespan of thin Li anode in 50μm,which experiences drastic volume change and repeated SEI formation during cycling,has been notably *** pairing with an industry-level thick LiCoO2 cathode,practical Li-metal full cell demonstrates a remarkable capacity retention of 90%after 240 cycles,in contrast to fast capacity drop after 60 cycles in LiNO3 saturated electrolyte.

关键词： Metal–organic frameworks LiNO3 Nanocapsules Lithium-metal anode Lithium-metal batteries

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Advances in genetic engineering of domestic animals

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016年第1期3卷 1-10页

作者： Shaohua WANG Kun ZHANG Yunping DAI Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology College of Animal Sciences Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University

Global population will increase to over nine billion by 2050 with the doubling in demand for meat and milk. To overcome this challenge, it is necessary to breed highly ef ficient and productive livestock. Furthermore,livestock are also excellent models for human diseases and ideal bioreactors to produce pharmaceutical ***, genetic engineering of domestic animals presents a critical and valuable tool to address these agricultural and biomedical applications. Overall, genetic engineering has evolved through three stages in history: transgenesis, gene targeting, and gene editing. Since the birth of the first transgenic pig, genetic engineering in livestock has been advancing slowly due to inherent technical limitations. A major breakthrough has been the advent of somatic cell nuclear transfer, which, for the first time, provided the technical ability to produce site-specific genome-modi fied domestic animals. However, the low efficiency of gene targeting events in somatic cells prohibits its wide use in agricultural and biomedical applications. Recently, rapid progress in tools and methods of genome engineering has been made, allowing genetic editing from mutation of a single base pair to the deletion of entire ***, we review the major advances of genetic engineering in domestic animals with emphasis placed on the introduction of latest designer nucleases.

关键词： CRISPR TALEN ZFN gene editing livestock pig cattle

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A chemo-mechanical model for fully-coupled lithiation reaction and stress generation in viscoplastic lithiated silicon

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2019年第8期62卷 1365-1374页

作者： BUREBI Yi Ming JIA Zheng QU ShaoXing Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of zhejiang Province Center for X-MechanicsDepartment of Engineering MechanicsZhejiang University

Development of stresses in silicon(Si) anodes of lithium-ion batteries is strongly affected by its mechanical properties. Recent experiments reveal that the mechanical behavior of lithiated silicon is viscoplastic, thereby indicating that lithiation-induced mechanical stresses are dependent on the lithiation reaction rate. Experimental evidence also accumulates that the rate of lithiation reaction is conversely affected by the magnitude of mechanical stresses. These experimental observations demonstrate that lithiation reaction and stress generation in silicon anodes are fully coupled. In this work, we formulate a chemo-mechanical model considering the two-way coupling between lithiation reaction and viscoplastic deformation in silicon nanoparticle *** on the model, the position of the lithiation interface, the interface velocity, and the lithiation-induced stresses can be solved simultaneously via numerical methods. The predicted interface velocity is in line with experimental measurements reported in the literature. We demonstrate that the lithiation-induced stress field depends on the lithiation reaction through two parameters:the migration velocity and the position of the lithiation interface. We identify a stress-mitigation mechanism in viscoplastic silicon anodes: the stress-regulated lithiation reaction at the interface serves as a "brake" to reduce the interface velocity and mitigate the lithiation-induced stresses, protecting the Si nanoparticle anode from being subjected to excessive mechanical stresses.

关键词： lithium-ion battery lithiation-induced stress stress-regulated lithiation viscoplasticity

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A high-entropy spinel ceramic oxide as the cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第5期11卷 794-804页

作者： Yangsen XU Xi XU Lei BI School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China Department of Materials Imperial College London SW72BPUK

A high-entropy ceramic oxide is used as the cathode for the first time for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells(H-SOFCs).The Fe_(0.6)Mn_(0.6)Co_(0.6)Ni_(0.6)Cr_(0.6)O_(4)(FMCNC)high-entropy spinel oxide has been successfully prepared,and the in situ chemical stability test demonstrates that the FMCNC material has good stability against CO_(2).The first-principles calculation indicates that the high-entropy structure enhances the properties of the FMCNC material that surpasses their individual components,leading to lower O_(2)adsorption energy for FMCNC than that for the individual *** HSOFC using the FMCNC cathode reaches an encouraging peak power density(PPD)of 1052 mW·cm^(-2)at 700℃,which is higher than those of the H-SOFCs reported *** comparison was made between the high-entropy FMCNC cathode and the traditional Mn_(1.6)Cu_(1.4)O_(4)(MCO)spinel cathode without the high-entropy structure,revealing that the formation of the high-entropy material allows the enhanced protonation ability as well as the movement of the O p-band center closer to the Fermi level,thus improving the cathode catalytic *** a result,the high-entropy FMCNC has a much-decreased polarization resistance of 0.057Ω·cm^(2)at 700℃,which is half of that for the traditional MCO spinel cathode without the high-entropy *** excellent performance of the FMCNC cell indicates that the high-entropy design makes a new life for the spinel oxide as the cathode for HSOFCs,offering a novel and promising route for the development of high-performance materials for H-SOFCs.

关键词： proton-conducting oxides high-entropy oxides cathode solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)

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Feedomics provides bidirectional omics strategies between genetics and nutrition for improved production in cattle

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 314-319页

作者： Xiaohan Liu Yifan Tang Jiajin Wu Jian-Xin Liu Hui-Zeng Sun Institute of Dairy Science MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal NutritionCollege of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Increasing the efficiency and sustainability of cattle production is an effective way to produce valuable animal proteins for a growing human *** and nutrition are the 2 major research topics in selecting cattle with beneficial phenotypes and developing genetic potentials for improved *** is an inextricable link between genetics and nutrition,which urgently requires researchers to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms to optimize cattle *** integrates a range of omic techniques to reveal the mechanisms at different molecular levels related to animal production and health,which can provide novel insights into the relationships of genes and nutrition/*** this review,we summarized the applications of feedomics techniques to reveal the effect of genetic elements on the response to nutrition and investigate how nutrients affect the functional genome of cattle from the perspective of both nutrigenetics and *** highlighted the roles of rumen microbiome in the interactions between host genes and ***,we discuss the importance of feedomics in cattle nutrition research,with a view to ensure that cattle exhibit the best production traits for human consumption from both genetic and nutritional aspects.

关键词： Cattle Feedomics Nutrigenetics Nutrigenomics Rumen microbiome Production

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Vacancies and interfaces engineering of core-shell heterostuctured NiCoP/NiO as trifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting and zinc-air batteries

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第2期8卷 601-611页

作者： Xiaolin Hu Jichuan Fan Ronghua Wang Meng Li Shikuan Sun Chaohe Xu Fusheng Pan College of Aerospace Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044PR China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044PR China MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials&Devices Joint LaboratorySchool of Energy&Power EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400044PR China School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshan528000PR China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044PR China

The electronic structures and properties of electrocatalysts,which depend on the physicochemical structure and metallic element components,could significantly affect their electrocatalytic performance and their future applications in Zn-air battery(ZAB)and overall water splitting(OWS).Here,by combining vacancies and heterogeneous interfacial engineering,three-dimensional(3D)core-shell NiCoP/NiO heterostructures with dominated oxygen vacancies have been controllably in-situ grown on carbon cloth for using as highly efficient electrocatalysts toward hydrogen and oxygen electrochemical *** calculation and electrochemical results manifest that the hybridization of NiCoP core with NiO shell produces a strong synergistic electronic coupling *** oxygen vacancy can enable the emergence of new electronic states within the band gap,crossing the Fermi levels of the two spin components and optimizing the local electronic ***,the hierarchical core-shell NiCoP/NiO nanoarrays also endow the catalysts with multiple exposed active sites,faster mass transfer behavior,optimized electronic strutures and improved electrochemical performance during ZAB and OWS applications.

关键词： DFT calculations Interface catalysis Heterostructures Overall water splitting Zn–air batteries

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Taking advantage of Li-evaporation in LiCoO_(2) as cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第12期11卷 1849-1859页

作者： Yangsen XU Shoufu YU Yanru YIN Lei BI School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China

LiCoO_(2),a widely used electrode material for Li-ion batteries,was found to be suitable as a cathode material for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells(H-SOFCs).Although the evaporation of Li in LiCoO_(2) was detrimental to the Li-ion battery performance,the Li-evaporation was found to be beneficial for the *** partial evaporation of Li in the LiCoO_(2) material preparation procedure led to the in-situ formation of the LiCoO_(2)+Co_(3)O_(4) *** to the cell using the pure phase LiCoO_(2) cathode that only generated moderate fuel cell performance,the H-SOFCs using the LiCoO_(2)+Co_(3)O_(4) cathode showed a high fuel cell performance of 1160 mW·cm^(-2) at 700℃,suggesting that the formation of Co_(3)O_(4) was critical for enhancing the performance of the LiCoO_(2) *** first-principles calculation gave insights into the performance improvements,indicating that the in-situ formation of Co_(3)O_(4) due to the Li-evaporation in LiCoO_(2) could dramatically decrease the formation energy of oxygen vacancies that is essential for the high cathode *** evaporation of Li in LiCoO_(2),which is regarded as a drawback for the Li-ion batteries,is demonstrated to be advantageous for the H-SOFCs,offering new selections of cathode candidates for the H-SOFCs.

关键词： cathode composite proton conductor solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)

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Successful preparation of BaCo_(0.5)Fe_(0.5)O_(3–δ)cathode oxide by rapidly cooling allowing for high-performance proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第3期12卷 587-597页

作者： Yanru Yin Yanbin Zhou Yueyuan Gu Lei Bi School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China

A pure phase BaCo_(0.5)Fe_(0.5)O_(3–δ)(BCF),which cannot be obtained before,is successfully prepared in this study by using the calcination method with a rapid cooling *** successful preparation of BCF allows the evaluation of this material as a cathode for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cells(H-SOFCs)for the first *** H-SOFC using the BCF cathode achieves an encouraging fuel cell performance of 2012 mW·cm–2 at 700,two℃-fold higher than that of a similar cell using the classical high-performance Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3–δ)(BSCF)***-principles calculations reveal the mechanism for the performance enhancement,indicating that the new BCF cathode significantly lowers the energy barriers in the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)compared with the BSCF ***,improved cathode performance and fuel cell output are obtained for the BCF *** fuel cell using the BCF cathode also shows excellent long-term stability that can work stably for nearly 900 h without noticeable *** fuel cell performance and long-term stability of the current BCF cell are superior to most of the H-SOFCs reported in previous reports,suggesting that BCF is a promising cathode for H-SOFCs.

关键词： BaCo_(0.5)Fe_(0.5)O_(3–δ) cathode proton conductor solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)

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