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Enhancement of endogenous midbrain neurogenesis by microneurotrophin BNN-20 after neural progenitor grafting in a mouse model of nigral degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1318-1324页

作者： Theodora Mourtzi Nasia Antoniou Christina Dimitriou Panagiotis Gkaravelas Georgia Athanasopoulou Panagiota Nti Kostantzo Olga Stathi Efthymia Theodorou Maria Anesti Rebecca Matsas Fevronia Angelatou Georgia Kouroupi Ilias Kazanis Laboratory of Developmental Biology Department of Biology University of Patras Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells Hellenic Pasteur Institute 3. Department of Physiology School of Medicine University of Patras

We have previously shown the neuroprotective and pro-neurogenic activity of microneurotrophin BNN-20 in the substantia nigra of the “weaver” mouse, a model of progressive nigrostriatal degeneration. Here, we extended our investigation in two clinically-relevant ways. First, we assessed the effects of BNN-20 on human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells and neurons derived from healthy and parkinsonian donors. Second, we assessed if BNN-20 can boost the outcome of mouse neural progenitor cell intranigral transplantations in weaver mice, at late stages of degeneration. We found that BNN-20 has limited direct effects on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells, marginally enhancing their differentiation towards neurons and partially reversing the pathological phenotype of dopaminergic neurons generated from parkinsonian donors. In agreement, we found no effects of BNN-20 on the mouse neural progenitor cells grafted in the substantia nigra of weaver mice. However, the graft strongly induced an endogenous neurogenic response throughout the midbrain, which was significantly enhanced by the administration of microneurotrophin BNN-20. Our results provide straightforward evidence of the existence of an endogenous midbrain neurogenic system that can be specifically strengthened by BNN-20. Interestingly, the lack of major similar activity on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors and their progeny reveals the in vivo specificity of the aforementioned pro-neurogenic effect.

关键词： adult neurogenesis BNN-20 brain-derived neurotrophic factor cell replacement induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) neurotrophic factors Parkinson’s disease substantia

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Comparative Analysis of Reaction to Fire and Flammability of Hemp Shives Insulation Boards with Incorporated Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第3期12卷 603-613页

作者： Inga Zotova Edgars Kirilovs Laura Ziemele Institute of Architecture and Design Riga Technical UniversityRigaLV-1048Latvia Forest and Wood Products Research and Development Institute JelgavaLV-3001Latvia

Nowadays buildings contain innovative materials,materials from local resources,production surpluses and rapidly renewable natural resources.Phase Change Materials(PCM)are one such group of novel materials which reduce building energy consumption.With the wider availability of microencapsulated PCM,there is an opportunity to develop a new type of insulating materials,combinate PCM with traditional insulation materials for latent heat energy storage.These materials are typically flammable and are located on the interior wall finishing yet there has been no detailed assessment of their fire performance.In this research work prototypes of low-density insulating boards for indoor spaces from hemp shives using carbamide resin binder and cold pressing were studied.Bench-scale cone calorimeter tests were conducted to evaluate fire risk,with a focus on assessing material flammability properties and the influence of PCM on the results.In this research,the amount of smoke,heat release rate,effective heat of combustion,specific extinction coefficient,mass loss,carbon dioxide yield,specific loss factor,ignition time of hemp straws samples and samples of hemp straws with 10%and without PCM admixture were compared.There is a risk of flammability for PCM and their fire reaction has not been evaluated when incorporating PCM into interior wall finishing boards.The obtained results can be used by designers to balance the potential energy savings of using PCM with a more complete understanding and predictability of the associated fire risk when using the proposed boards.It also allows for appropriate risk mitigation strategies.

关键词： Encapsuled phase change material renewable resources reaction to fire flammability

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Prevalence and ecological factors affecting the distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes in Prunus groves in Spain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 566-589页

作者： Ilenia Clavero-Camacho Antonio Archidona-Yuste Carolina Cantalapiedra-Navarrete Pablo Castillo Juan Emilio Palomares-Rius Institute for Sustainable Agriculture(IAS) Spanish National Research Council(CSIC)Córdoba 14004Spain Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training(IFAPA) Centro Alameda del ObispoCórdoba 14004Spain

A wide survey was conducted to study plant-parasitic nematodes(PPNs)associated with Prunus groves in Spain.This research aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of PPNs in Prunus groves,as well as the influence of explanatory variables describing soil,climate and agricultural management in structuring the variation of PPNs community composition.A total of 218 sampling sites were surveyed and 84 PPN species belonging to 32 genera were identified based of an integrative taxonomic approach.PPN species considered as potential limiting factors in Prunus production,such as Meloidogyne arenaria,M.incognita,M.javanica,Pratylenchus penetrans and P.vulnus,were identified in this survey.Seven soil physico-chemical(C,Mg,N,Na,OM,P,pH and clay,loamy sand and sandy loam texture classes),four climate(Bio04,Bio05,Bio13 and Bio14)and four agricultural management variables(grove-use history less than 10 years,irrigation,apricot seedling rootstock,and Montclar rootstock)were identified as the most influential variables driving spatial patterns of PPNs communities.In particular,younger plantations showed higher values for species richness and diversity indices than groves cultivated for more than 20 years with Prunus spp.Our study increases the knowledge of the distribution and prevalence of PPNs associated with Prunus rhizosphere,as well as on the influence of explanatory variables driving the spatial structure PPNs communities,which has important implications for the successful design of sustainable management strategies in the future in this agricultural system.

关键词： nematodes Meloidogyne Pratylenchus Paratylenchus rootstock distribution soil grove-use almond peach

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Vertical Displacement Measurement in a Slow-Moving Sinkhole Using BOTDA

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Photonic Sensors 2024年第1期14卷 23-39页

作者： Pascual SEVILLANO Javier PRECIADO-GARBAYO Jorge SEVIL Francisco GUTIERREZ Juan JMARTiNEZ Sonia MARTiN-LOPEZ Miguel GONZALEZ-HERRAEZ Aragon Institute of Engineering Research(I3A) Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza 50018Spain Electronic Enginering and Communicaton Dpartment EINAUniversidad de ZaragzaZaragza 50018Spain Aragon Photonics Labs. Zaragoza 50009Spain Department of Earth Sciences Universidad de ZaragozaZaragoza 50009Spain Department of Electronics Escuela Politecnica SuperiorUniversidad de AlcalaMadrid 28805Spain

The effectiveness of monitoring and early-warning systems for ground deformation phenomena,such as sinkholes,depends on their ability to accurately resolve the ongoing ground displacement and detect the subtle deformation preceding catastrophic failures.Sagging sinkholes with a slow subsidence rate and diffuse edges pose a significant challenge for subsidence monitoring due to the low deformation rates and limited lateral strain gradients.In this work,we satisfactorily illustrate the practicality of the Brillouin optical time domain analysis(BOTDA)to measure the spatial-temporal patterns of the vertical displacement in such challenging slow-moving sagging sinkholes.To assess the performance of the approach,we compare the strain recorded by the distributed optical fiber sensor with the vertical displacement measured by high-precision leveling.The results show a good spatial correlation with the ability to identify the maximum subsidence point.There is also a good temporal correlation with the detection of an acceleration phase in the subsidence associated with a flood event.

关键词： Distributed fiber optic sensing(DFOS) vertical displacement measurement slow subsidence rate sinkhole hazard early-warning system

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古基因组揭示河西走廊两千年以来的人群历史

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Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 606-611页

作者：熊建雪王睿陈国科杨谊时杜盼新蒙海亮马敏敏安达陶乐王辉金力王传超文少卿 Institute of Archaeological Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology in Gansu Province Lanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and DevelopmentSchool of Life Sciencesand Human Phenome InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology Department of Anthropology and Human GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental ScienceLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Center for the Belt and Road Archaeology and Ancient Civilizations Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of AnthropologySchool of Sociology and AnthropologyFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences in BioanthropologyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China MOE Laboratory for National Development and Intelligent Governance Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

The Hexi Corridor in northwest China has for millennia served as a crossroads for interactions between East Asia,Central Asia and lands further west,while also connecting the Chinese heartland and the northern Mongolian Steppe and Tibetan Plateau(TP)to the south(Fig.1a).Previous studies have revealed the details of this cross-continental material and cultural transmission as early as the Bronze Age onwards.Materials and technologies exchanged along the ancient Silk Road included East Asian millets and painted pottery,West Asian wheat and barley,bronze metal-lurgy,domesticated sheep,horses,and cattle[1].To date.

关键词： connecting details northwest

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On the Praxis-Oriented Semiotic Aesthetics in Eastern european Marxism

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Contemporary social Sciences 2024年第1期9卷 1-17页

作者： Li Huiwen Jiangxi Normal University

Eastern european Marxism,taking a critical stance towards structuralism,gave rise to a unique paradigm of praxis-oriented semiotic aesthetics.This novel approach posits that signs emerge from humans’social praxis and also function as a means of praxis.It further delves into the principle governing the generation and usage of signs,i.e.,the Economy Principle,the homogenization of signs,the situatedness or contextual constraints,as well as their aesthetic features and transcendental attributes.As a result,the praxis-oriented semiotic aesthetics within Eastern european Marxism exhibits distinct theoretical value.

关键词： Eastern european Marxism semiotics praxis aesthetics

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Caustics of developable surfaces

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022年第3期23卷 479-487页

作者： Miklos HOFFMANN Imre JUHASZ Ede TROLL Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science Eszterhazy Karoly UniversityEger 3300Hungary Department of Computer Graphics and Image Processing University of DebrecenDebrecen 4010Hungary Department of Descriptive Geometry University of MiskolcMiskolc 3515Hungary

While considering a mirror and light rays coming either from a point source or from infinity,the reflected light rays may have an envelope,called a caustic curve.In this paper,we study developable surfaces as mirrors.These caustic surfaces,described in a closed form,are also developable surfaces of the same type as the original mirror surface.We provide efficient,algorithmic computation to find the caustic surface of each of the three types of developable surfaces(cone,cylinder,and tangent surface of a spatial curve).We also provide a potential application of the results in contemporary free-form architecture design.

关键词： Caustics Developable surface Reflected light rays Curve of regression

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Comparison Between Modal Analysis and Impedance-based Methods for Analysing Stability of Unbalanced Microgrids with Grid-forming Electronic Power Converters

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第4期11卷 1269-1281页

作者： Sauro J.Yague Aurelio García-Cerrada Pere Palacín Farré IQS School of Engineering Ramón Llull UniversityVia Augusta 39008017 BarcelonaSpain Institute for Research in Technology ICAI School of EngineeringComillas Pontifical UniversityAlberto Aguilera 2328015 MadridSpain

Stability in unbalanced power systems has deserved little attention in the literature.Given the importance of this scenario in distribution systems with distributed generation,this paper revisits modal analysis techniques for stability studies in power systems,and explains how to tackle unbalanced power systems with voltage-dependent loads.The procedure is described in detail and applied to a low-voltage(LV)simple case study with two grid-forming electronic power converters and unbalanced loads.Results are then compared with those obtained with the popular impedance-based method.While the latter is easier to implement using simulation or field data,the former requires complete information of the system,but gives a better insight into the problem.Since both methods are based on a small-signal approximation of the system,they provide similar results,but they discern different information.A larger second case study based on an LV CIGRE distribution system is also analysed.Results are obtained using a detailed Simulink model of the microgrids with electronic power converters.

关键词： Stability microgrid modal analysis impedancebased method unbalanced distribution system

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Serological biomarkers for management of primary sclerosing cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第21期28卷 2291-2301页

作者： David Tornai Peter Laszlo Ven Peter Laszlo Lakatos Maria Papp Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hajdu-BiharHungary european Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases ERN RARE-LIVERDebrecen H-4032Hajdu-BiharHungary The First Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of PécsPécs H-7624BaranyaHungary Kálmán Laki Doctoral School of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hajdu-BiharHungary Division of Gastroenterology McGill University Health CentreMontreal QC H4A 3J1QuebecCanada The First Department of Medicine Semmelweis UniversityBudapest H-1083PestHungary

Clinical manifestations and progression of primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)are heterogeneous,and its pathogenesis is poorly understood.The importance of gut-liver interactions in the pathogenesis has been clinically confirmed and highlighted in different theories.Recent advances regarding biomarkers of biliarygut crosstalk may help to identify clinically relevant PSC subgroups assisting everyday clinical work-up(e.g.,diagnosis,disease stratification,or surveillance)and the exploration of potential therapeutic targets.Alkaline phosphatase produced by the biliary epithelium is consistently associated with prognosis.However,its level shows natural fluctuation limiting its use in individual patients.Inflammatory,cell activation,and tissue remodeling markers have been reported to predict clinical outcome.Elevated immunoglobulin(Ig)G4 level is associated with a shorter transplantation-free survival.IgG type atypical perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(P-ANCAs)are non-specific markers of various autoimmune liver diseases and may reflect an abnormal B-cell response to gut microbial antigens.IgG type atypical P-ANCA identifies PSC patients with particular clinical and genetic(for human leukocyte antigens)characteristics.The presence of IgA type anti-F-actin antibody(AAA)may predict a progressive disease course,and it is associated with enhanced mucosal immune response to various microbial antigens and enterocyte damage.IgA type anti-glycoprotein 2(GP2)antibodies identify patients with a severe disease phenotype and poor survival due to enhanced fibrogenesis or development of cholangiocarcinoma.Elevated soluble vascular adhesion protein-1(sVAP-1)level is associated with adverse disease outcomes in PSC.High sVAP-1 levels correlate with mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1(MAdCAM-1)expression in the liver that contributes to gut activated T-cell homing to the hepatobiliary tract.In the present paper,we review the evidence on these possible serological markers that could potentially help address the un

关键词： Primary sclerosing cholangitis Hepatobiliary Serological biomarker Immunoglobulin Inflammatory Tissue remodeling

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Material-specific high-resolution table-top extreme ultraviolet microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第5期11卷 991-1000页

作者： Wilhelm Eschen Lars Loetgering Vittoria Schuster Robert Klas Alexander Kirsche Lutz Berthold Michael Steinert Thomas Pertsch Herbert Gross Michael Krause Jens Limpert Jan Rothhardt Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaAlbert-Einstein-Str.1507745 JenaGermany HelmholtzInstitute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Albert-Einstein-Straße 907745 JenaGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS WalterHülse-Str.106120 HalleGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF Albert-Einstein-Str.707745 JenaGermany

Microscopy with extreme ultraviolet(EUV)radiation holds promise for high-resolution imaging with excellent material contrast,due to the short wavelength and numerous element-specific absorption edges available in this spectral range.At the same time,EUV radiation has significantly larger penetration depths than electrons.It thus enables a nano-scale view into complex three-dimensional structures that are important for material science,semiconductor metrology,and next-generation nano-devices.Here,we present high-resolution and material-specific microscopy at 13.5 nm wavelength.We combine a highly stable,high photon-flux,table-top EUV source with an interferometrically stabilized ptychography setup.By utilizing structured EUV illumination,we overcome the limitations of conventional EUV focusing optics and demonstrate high-resolution microscopy at a half-pitch lateral resolution of 16 nm.Moreover,we propose mixed-state orthogonal probe relaxation ptychography,enabling robust phase-contrast imaging over wide fields of view and long acquisition times.In this way,the complex transmission of an integrated circuit is precisely reconstructed,allowing for the classification of the material composition of mesoscopic semiconductor systems.

关键词： resolution ultraviolet extreme

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