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How to Coadd Images.Ⅱ.Anti-aliasing and PSF Deconvolution

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 103-113页

作者： Lei Wang Huanyuan Shan Lin Nie Dezi Liu Zhaojun Yan Guoliang Li Cheng Cheng Yushan Xie Han Qu Wenwen Zheng Xi Kang Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China National Basic science Data Center Beijing 100190China Zhejiang University-Purple Mountain Observatory Joint Research Center for Astronomy Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310030China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Shanghai 200030China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Information Engineering Wuhan Institute of CityWuhan 430083China South-Westem Institute for Astronomy Research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China The Shanghai Key Lab for Astrophysics.Shanghai Normal University Shanghai200234China Chinese Academy of sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesCASBeijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

We have developed a novel method for co-adding multiple under-sampled images that combines the iteratively reweighted least squares and divide-and-conquer *** approach not only allows for the anti-aliasing of the images but also enables Point-Spread Function(PSF)deconvolution,resulting in enhanced restoration of extended sources,the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio,and reduced ringing *** test our method,we conducted numerical simulations that replicated observation runs of the China Space Station Telescope/the VLT Survey Telescope(VST)and compared our results to those obtained using previous *** simulation showed that our method outperforms previous approaches in several ways,such as restoring the profile of extended sources and minimizing ringing ***,because our method relies on the inherent advantages of least squares fitting,it is more versatile and does not depend on the local uniformity hypothesis for the ***,the new method consumes much more computation than the other approaches.

关键词： methods:analytical techniques:image processing gravitational lensing:weak (ISM:)cosmic rays

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用于高灵敏近红外有机光电探测器的全氟化全稠环小分子受体（英文）

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science Bulletin 2024年第17期 2679-2682页

作者：朱小玉张永倩李鸿祥张英泽苗俊辉刘俊王利祥 State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China College of Polymer science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University

Organic semiconductors play a pivotal role in the development of various organic opto-electronic devices, encompassing organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field-effect transistors(OFETs), organic solar cells (OSCs), organic photodetectors (OPDs),etc.[1]. Material scientists continually refine the chemical structures of organic semiconductors to optimize their opto-electronic properties and thin film morphology, thereby enhancing device performance [2]. Among the diverse array of functional groups available for modification, fluorine stands out due to its minimal atomic radius and maximal electronegativity.

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巧妙的稀掺杂策略实现高性能GeTe热电材料

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science Bulletin 2024年第8期69卷 1037-1049页

作者：钟锦璇杨晓玉吕途梁格格张胜楠张朝华敖伟琴刘福生南鹏飞葛炳辉胡利鹏 College of Materials science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional MaterialsGuangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional MaterialsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and UtilizationInstitute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green EnergyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui province Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationInstitutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Superconducting Materials Research Center Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal ResearchXi’an 710016China

In thermoelectrics,doping is essential to augment the figure of *** strategy,predomina ntly heavy doping,aims to optimize carrier concentration and restrain lattice thermal ***,this tactic can severely hamper carrier transport due to pronounced point defect scattering,particularly in materials with inherently low carrier ***,dilute doping,although minimally affecting carrier mobility,frequently fails to optimize other vital thermoelectric ***,we present a more nuanced dilute doping strategy in GeTe,leveraging the multifaceted roles of small-size metal atoms.A mere 4%CuPbSbTe_(3)introduction into GeTe swiftly suppresses rhombohedral distortion and optimizes carrier concentration through the aid of Cu ***,the formation of multiscale microstructures,including zero-dimensional Cu interstitials,one-dimensional dislocations,two-dimensional planar defects,and three-dimensional nanoscale amorphous GeO_(2)and Cu_(2)GeTe_(3)precipitates,along with the ensuing lattice softening,contributes to an ultralow lattice thermal ***,dilute CuPbSbTe_(3)doping incurs only a marginal decrease in carrier *** trace Cd doping,employed to alleviate the bipolar effect and align the valence bands,yields an impressive figure-of-merit of 2.03 at 623 K in(Ge_(0.97)Cd_(0.03)Te)_(0.96)(CuPbSbTe_(3))_(0.04).This leads to a high energyconversion efficiency of 7.9%and a significant power density of 3.44 W cm^(-2)at a temperature difference of 500 *** results underscore the invaluable insights gained into the constructive role of nuanced dilute doping in the concurrent tuning of carrier and phonon transport in GeTe and other thermoelectric materials.

关键词： Thermoelectric GeTe Dilute doping Interstitial atoms Lattice softening

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用于回音壁模激光的掺杂微球（英文）

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science Bulletin 2024年第13期 2021-2024页

作者：王潇璇黄朝阳夏传晟秦飞飞朱刚毅茅峻丰马懿石增良崔乾楠徐春祥 State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Southeast University Peter Grünberg Research Centre College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Electronic science and Engineering Southeast University

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) optical microcavities, which are capable of light field confinement and manipulation in a relatively small volume, have gained considerable attention from fundamentals in enhanced light-matter interactions to laser applications [1]. Undergoing decades of development, the improvement of lasing performance is always a significant issue,including low threshold and high quality (Q) factor [2]. Increasing optical gain and reducing the losses are the key aspects towards the realization of a high-quality WGM laser.

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Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第9期15卷 1126-1131页

作者： Yu-Qiong Xie Chun-Chun Li Mei-Rong Yu Jiang Cao Center for Basic and Translational Research the Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina

Gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma(GSRCC)is a subtype of gastric cancer with distinct phenotype and high risk of peritoneal *** have shown that early GSRCC has a good prognosis,while advanced GSRCC is insensitive to radiotherapy,chemotherapy or immune checkpoint blockade *** technological advancement of single-cell RNA sequencing analysis and cytometry by time of flight mass cytometry,more detailed atlas of tumor microenvironment(TME)in GSRCC and its association with prognosis could be investigated ***,two single-cell RNA sequencing studies revealed that GSRCC harbored a unique TME,manifested as highly immunosuppressive,leading to high immune *** TME of advanced GSRCC was enriched for immunosuppressive factors,including the loss of CXCL13+-cluster of differentiation 8+-Tex cells and declined clonal crosstalk among populations of T and B *** addition,GSRCC was mainly infiltrated by follicular B *** increased proportion of SRCC was accompanied by a decrease in mucosaassociated lymphoid tissue-derived B cells and a significant increase in follicular B cells,which may be one of the reasons for the poor prognosis of *** understanding the relationship between immunosuppressive TME and poor prognosis in GSRCC and the underlying mechanism,more effective immunotherapy strategies and improved treatment outcomes of GSRCC can be anticipated.

关键词： Gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma Single-cell RNA sequencing Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment Immune checkpoint blockade therapy Prognosis

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基于轮廓学习的实时实例分割（英文）

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Journal of Measurement science and Instrumentation 2024年第3期 328-337页

作者：葛锐刘登峰周浩杰柴志雷吴秦江南大学人工智能与计算机学院江南大学江苏省模式识别与计算智能工程实验室

实例分割在图像处理中发挥着重要作用，基于轮廓迭代的Deep Snake算法实现初始目标框到目标轮廓端到端变形，能提升实例分割的性能，但存在分割速度较慢、初始轮廓欠优等缺陷。针对这些问题，提出了一种轻量化的实例轮廓迭代分割算法。... 详细信息

实例分割在图像处理中发挥着重要作用，基于轮廓迭代的Deep Snake算法实现初始目标框到目标轮廓端到端变形，能提升实例分割的性能，但存在分割速度较慢、初始轮廓欠优等缺陷。针对这些问题，提出了一种轻量化的实例轮廓迭代分割算法。首先，采用ShuffleNet V2作为主干网络，使用5×5卷积核扩大了模型感受野。其次，设计了轻量级上采样模块—多阶段聚合（Multi stage aggregation, MSA）进行多层特征的残差融合，不仅提高了分割速度，而且更加全面地提取了有效特征。再次，设计了一种网络学习的轮廓初始化方法，采用全局轮廓特征聚合机制回归得到粗糙轮廓，解决了手工初始化轮廓和真实轮廓误差过大的问题。最后，使用Snake模型对粗糙轮廓进行迭代优化得到最终的实例轮廓。实验结果表明，所提出的方法在Semantic boundaries dataset（SBD）、 Cityscapes和Kins数据集上提高了实例分割精度，在SBD数据集上平均分割精度达到55.8，同时模型参数量较Deep Snake减少了87.2%，计算量减少了78.3%，在2080Ti GPU上对512×512像素的图片进行实例分割时速度达到39.8帧·s-1。该方法能够减少资源消耗，快速准确实现实例分割任务，更适合应用于资源有限的嵌入式平台。

关键词：实例分割 ShuffleNet V2 轻量化网络轮廓初始化

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Bioinspired 4D Printing Shape-Memory Polyurethane Rhinoplasty Prosthesis for Dynamic Aesthetic Adjustment

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1397-1411页

作者： Jiaqi Liu Guiwei Li He Liu Jincheng Wang Hui Wang Xue Gao Qingping Liu Chenyu Wang Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130021China Department of Orthopaedics The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130041China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) Jilin UniversityChangchun130022China

The disparity between the postoperative outcomes of rhinoplasty and the expected results frequently necessitates secondary or multiple surgeries as a compensatory measure,greatly diminishing patient ***,there is renewed optimism for addressing these challenges through the innovative realm of Four-Dimensional(4D)*** groundbreaking technology enables three-dimensional objects with shape-memory properties to undergo predictable transformations under specific external ***,implants crafted using 4D printing offer significant potential for dynamic *** by worms in our research,we harnessed 4D printing to fabricate a Shape-Memory Polyurethane(SMPU)for use as a nasal augmentation *** choice of SMPU was guided by its Glass Transition Temperature(Tg),which falls within the acceptable temperature range for the human *** attribute allowed for temperature-responsive intraoperative self-deformation and postoperative *** chosen animal model for experimentation was *** into account the anatomical structure of the rabbit nose,we designed and produced nasal augmentation prostheses with superior *** prostheses were then surgically implanted in a minimally invasive manner into the rabbit ***,they exhibited successful temperature-controlled in-surgery self-deformation according to the predetermined shape and non-invasive remodeling within a mere 9 days *** histological evaluations confirmed the practical viability of these prostheses in a living *** research findings posit that worm-inspired 4D-printed SMPU nasal prostheses hold significant promise for achieving dynamic aesthetic adjustments.

关键词： 4D printing Shape memory polyurethane Rhinoplasty Self-deformation Dynamic aesthetic adjustment

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Experimental constraints on the formation of oxychlorine species by UV irradiation and mechanical pulverization on the lunar surface

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 625-637页

作者： Jiamei Li Yu-Yan Sara Zhao He Cui Shuai-Yi Qu Yanhua Peng Yuhong Yang Xiongyao Li Research Center for Planetary science College of Earth and Planetary SciencesChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China College of Life sciences Wuchang University of TechnologyWuhan 430204China Technical Center of Qingdao Customs Qingdao 266114China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Nanning College of Technology Guilin 541006China Center for Lunar and Planetary sciences Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China

Perchlorate and chlorate are present in various extraterrestrial celestial bodies throughout the solar system,such as Mars,the moon,and *** date,the origin mechanisms of perchlorate and chlorate on the Martian surface have been well-established;however,relatively little attention has been cast to airless ***,we experimentally investigated the potential oxidation mechanisms of chloride to chlorate and perchlorate,such as ultraviolet irradiation under H_(2)O-and O_(2)-free conditions and mechanical pulverization *** minerals,olivine,pyroxene,ilmenite,magnetite,TiO_(2)and anhydrous ferric sulfate,and lunar regolith simulants(low Ti,CLRS-1;high-Ti,CLRS-2)and their metallic iron(Fe^( 0))bearing counterparts were *** found that pulverization of dry matrix material-halite mixtures,even in the presence of O_(2),does not necessarily lead to perchlorate and chlorate formation without involving *** photocatalytic and H_(2)O and O_(2)-free conditions,olivine and pyroxene can produce oxychlorine(ClO_(x)^(−))species,although the yields were orders of magnitude lower than those under Martian-relevant ***-Fe^(0)particles in the lunar regolith and the common photocatalyst TiO_(2)can facilitate the ClO_(x)^(−)formation,but their yields were lower than those with *** oxides ilmenite and magnetite did not efficiently contribute to ClO_(x)^(−)*** results highlight the critical role of H_(2)O in the oxidation chloride to chlorate and perchlorate,and provide essential insights into the environmental influence on the formation of oxychlorine species on different celestial bodies.

关键词： Perchlorate Chlorate Lunar regolith Metallic Fe Airless bodies

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Platelet-based bioactive systems guided precision targeting and immune regulation for cancer therapy

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8269-8284页

作者： Xinyi Cai Long Qiu Zhenying Diao Lintao Cai Ting Yin Hong Pan Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine CAS-HK Joint Lab of BiomaterialsCAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and SystemInstitute of Biomedicine and BiotechnologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology(SIAT)Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China School of pharmacy Guangdong Medical UniversityDongguan 523808China Sino-Euro Center of Biomedicine and Health Shenzhen 518024China

The antitumor effects of conventional drug carriers are often attenuated and limited in application by biological barriers associated with tumor heterogeneity and resistance brought about by low tumor *** the rapid development of nanotechnology,naturally derived bioactive materials,and live cell carriers,a promising strategy emerges for targeting the tumor microenvironment(TME)for precision cancer *** unique injury-targeting properties of platelets can significantly extend functional activity,which cannot be achieved with conventional *** this review,three strategies based on platelet-engineered materials are systematically described,namely nanoparticles for platelet membrane camouflage,engineered activated platelets,and targeted-platelets ***-based nanomaterials can effectively coordinate local and distant tumor-host crosstalk with controlled active tumor site recognition and killing effects due to the presence of specific membrane proteins on the surface and the self-secretion of a large number of *** advances in platelets for effectively overcoming biological barriers and reducing immune resistance in cancer immunotherapy applications will be discussed in future clinical *** review provides an overview of recent research advances in platelet-based bioactive material-directed immunotherapy and chemotherapy to inform future antitumor combination therapies.

关键词： platelets bionic targeting immune modulation precision therapy deep penetration

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Introgression of lac6/tl1/du13 improves the palatability of japonica rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1259-1265页

作者： Yong Yang Tao Zhang Yuliang Shi Yan Lu Qianfeng Li Xiaolei Fan Lichun Huang Lu Chen Xuetang Song Qing Liu Changquan Zhang Qiaoquan Liu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education Agricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Jiang Su(Wu Jin)Rice Research Institute Changzhou 213175JiangsuChina

Amylose content(AC)is a crucial determinant of the eating and cooking quality(ECQ)of rice,with low AC varieties exhibiting a softer texture and greater stickiness-attributes that enhance palatability and are desirable in specific culinary *** harness these traits,significant efforts have been made to manipulate AC to improve rice *** research utilized the MutMap+approach to identify LAC6/TL1,a gene that is an allele of Du13,responsible for low ***6 encodes a C2H2 zinc finger protein,which specifically increases the splicing efficiency of the Wxb allele without affecting the Wxa *** studies of LAC6 revealed that its proper integration could rectify the undesirable AC phenotype,whereas mutations within this gene led to reduced AC and were associated with shorter grain length and decreased thousand-grain *** these drawbacks,such mutations positively impact rice palatability,presenting a trade-off between grain size and eating *** address the challenges posed by the reduced grain weight associated with LAC6 mutations,we developed a specific molecular marker for LAC6,which has been effectively used in breeding programs to select lac6/tl1/du13 homozygous individuals with larger grain *** findings demonstrate that the“small grain”trait associated with lac6/tl1/du13 can be effectively mitigated through combined phenotype-based and marker-assisted *** study highlights the potential of lac6/tl1/du13 as a valuable gene for breeding novel,high-quality soft rice varieties through targeted breeding strategies.

关键词： Rice Dull endosperm Amylose content Wx Breeding

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