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Circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe obesity

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期30卷 332-345页

作者： Yi-Jie Li Brittney O Baumert Nikos Stratakis Jesse A Goodrich Hao-Tian Wu Jing-Xuan He Yin-Qi Zhao Max T Aung Hong-Xu Wang Sandrah P Eckel Douglas I Walker Damaskini Valvi Michele A La Merrill Justin R Ryder Thomas H Inge Todd Jenkins Stephanie Sisley Rohit Kohli Stavra A Xanthakos Andrea A Baccarelli Rob McConnell David V Conti Lida Chatzi Department of Population and Public health Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90032United States Barcelona institute of Global health Barcelona Institute of Global HealthBarcelona 08036Spain Department of Environmental health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Gangarosa Department of Environmental health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30329United States Department of Environmental Medicine and Public health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Environmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616United States Department of Surgery Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIL 60611United States Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARSBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90027United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and *** ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with *** microRNA(miRNA)levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD,but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains *** analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in *** To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with *** This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery ***-operative core liver biopsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of *** samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling.A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HTG EdgeSeq *** examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age,sex,race,and other key *** Pathways Analysis was used to identify biological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of *** We identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b-5p,and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p,in adolescents with ***,52,16,15,and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NASH,fibrosis,ballooning degeneration,and lobular inflammation,***,16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of *** those miRNAs,miR-411-5p was downregulated in NASH,ballooning,and fibrosis,while miR-122-5p,miR-1343-5p,miR-193a-5p,miR-193b-5p,and miR-7845-5p were consistently and posi

关键词： MicroRNA Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver fibrosis Lobular inflammation Ballooning degeneration

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Characterising populations living close to intensive farming and composting facilities in England

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 97-109页

作者： Philippa Douglas Daniela Fecht Deborah Jarvis national Heart and Lung institute MRC Centre for Environment and HealthImperial College LondonLondonSW36LZUK Centre for Radiation Chemical and Environmental HazardsPublic Health EnglandHarwell CampusDidcotOxfordshireOX 11 ORQUK UK Small Area health Statistics unit MRC Centre for Environment and HealthSchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonW2 IPGUK

Bioaerosol exposure has been linked to adverse respiratory *** farming and composting facilities are important anthropogenic sources of *** aimed to characterise populations living close to intensive farming and composting *** also infer whether the public are becoming more concerned about anthropogenic bioaerosol emissions,using reports of air pollution related incidents attributed to *** mapped the location of 1,257 intensive farming and 310 composting facilities in England in relation to the resident population and its characteristics(sex and age),area characteristics(deprivation proxy and rural/urban classification)and school locations stratified by pre-defined distance bands from these bioaerosol *** also calculated the average number of air pollution related incidents per year per *** found that more than 16%of the population and 15%of schools are located within 4,828 m of an intensive farming facility or 4,000 m of a composting facility;few people(0.01%)live very close to these sites and tend to be older *** to composting facilities,populations are more likely to be urban and more *** number of incidents were attributed to a small proportion of facilities;population characteristics around these facilities were *** indicate that populations living near composting facilities(particularly>250 to≤4,000 m)are mostly located in ur6an areas(80188%of the population),which supports the need for more community health studies to be *** could also be used to inform risk management strategies at facilities with higher numbers of incidents.

关键词： Composting Intensive farming Bioaerosol Population characteristics Public health

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Tetracycline-inducible protein expression in pancreatic cancer cells: Effects of CapG overexpression

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第15期17卷 1947-1960页

作者： Sarah Tonack Sabina Patel Mehdi Jalali Taoufik Nedjadi Rosalind E Jenkins Christopher Goldring John Neoptolemos Eithne Costello Liverpool CR-UK Centre Department of Molecular and Therapeutic Cancer MedicineUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3GA United Kingdom MRC Centre forDrug Safety Science Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of Biomedical Sciences University of Liverpool L69 3GA United Kingdom national institute for health research Pancreatic Biomedical research unit Liverpool L69 3GA United Kingdom

AIM: To establish stable tetracycline-inducible pancreatic cancer cell lines. METHODS: Suit-2, MiaPaca-2, and Panc-1 cells were transfected with a second generation reverse tetracycline-controlled transactivator protein (rtTA2S-M2), under the control of either a cytomegalovirus (CMV) or a chicken β-actin promoter, and the resulting clones were ***: Use of the chicken (β-actin) promoter proved superior for both the production and maintenance of doxycycline-inducible cell lines. The system proved versatile, enabling transient inducible expression of a variety of genes, including GST-P, CYP2E1, S100A6, and the actin capping protein, CapG. To determine the physiological utility of this system in pancreatic cancer cells, stable inducible CapG expressors were established. Overexpressed CapG was localised to the cytoplasm and the nuclear membrane, but was not observed in the nucleus. High CapG levels were associated with enhanced motility, but not with changes to the cell cycle, or cellular proliferation. In CapG-overexpressing cells, the levels and phosphorylation status of other actin-moduating proteins (Cofilin and Ezrin/Radixin) were not altered. However, preliminary analyses suggest that the levels of other cellular proteins, such as ornithine aminotransferase and enolase, are altered upon CapG induction. CONCLUSION: We have generated pancreatic-cancer derived cell lines in which gene expression is fully controllable.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer cells Tetracycline-inducible CapG Suit-2 Panc-1 MiaPaCa-2

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ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENTS BUBBLES IN BIOLOGICAL TIESSURE

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2009年第1期21卷 47-64页

作者： CHAHINE Georges L. TANGUAY Michel LORAINE Greg DYNAFLOW INC. 10621-J Iron Bridge Road Jessup Maryland 20794 USA

An acoustic based instrument, the ABS Acoustic Bubble Spectrometer@@（ABS）, was investigated for the detection and quantification of bubbles in biological media. These include viscoelastic media （blood）, materials of varying density （bone in tissue）, non-homogenous distribution of bubbles （intravenous bubbly flow）, and bubbles migrating in tissue （decompression sickness, DCS）. The performance of the ABS was demonstrated in a series of laboratory experiments. Validation of the code was performed using a viscoelastic polymer solution, Polyox, in which the bubble size distribution and void fraction were determined by ABS measurements and with image analysis of high speed videos. These tests showed that the accuracy of the ABS was not significantly affected by viscoelasticity for bubbles smaller than 200 microns. The ABS detection and measurement of non-homogenous bubble distributions was demonstrated using a bubbly flow through a simulated vein surrounded by tissue. The scatter of acoustic signals due to bones in the acoustic pathway was also investigated. These in-vitro experiments were done using meat （beef） as a tissue simulant. Decompression experiments were done using beef meat which was held underwater at high pressure （9.9 atm） then rapidly decompressed. Bubble size distributions and void fraction calculations in these experiments were then validated using image analysis of high speed video. In addition, preliminary experiments were performed with the US Navy Medical research Center, demonstrating the utility of the modified ABS system in detecting the evolution of bubbles in swine undergoing decompression sickness （DCS）. These results indicate that the ABS may be used to detect and quantify the evolution of bubbles in-vivo and aid in the monitoring of DCS.

关键词： ABS Acoustic Bubble Spectrometer@@ (ABS) biological tissue decompression sickness (DCS)

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Diagnostic performance of different specimens in detecting enterovirus A71 in children with hand,foot and mouth disease

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第2期38卷 268-275页

作者： Yonghong Zhou Chongchen Zhou Kai Wang Qi Qiu Yibing Cheng Yu Li Peng Cui Lu Liang Peng Li Xiaowei Deng Lili Wang Wen Zheng Hui Gong Fang Wang Meng Xu Justin Jang Hann Chu Lance Turtle Hongjie Yu School of Public health Fudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Public Health SafetyMinistry of EducationShanghai200032China Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University Henan Children's HospitalZhengzhou450003China Division of Infectious Disease Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious DiseaseChinese Centre for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing102206China West China School of Public health Sichuan UniversityChengdu610041China Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Infectious Disease Translational Research ProgrammeYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore117597Singapore NIHR health protection research unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Institute of InfectionVeterinary and Ecological Sciences University of LiverpoolLiverpoolL697BEUK Tropical&Infectious Disease unit Royal Liverpool University Hospital(member of Liverpool Health Partners)LiverpoolL78XPUK

Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)is a major public health problem among children in the Asia-Pacific *** optimal specimen for HFMD virological diagnosis remains *** A71(EV-A71)neutralizing antibody titres detected in paired sera were considered the reference standard for calculating the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value of throat swabs,rectal swabs,stool,blood samples and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)by RT-PCR or ELISA *** this study,clinical samples from 276 HFMD patients were collected for analysing the sensitivity of different kind of *** results showed that stool had the highest sensitivity(88%,95%CI:74%–96%)and agreement with the reference standard(91%).The order of diagnostic yield for EV-A71 infection was stool samplerectal swab>throat swab>blood sample>CSF sample,and using a combination of clinical samples improved sensitivity for enterovirus *** sensitivity of ELISA for IgM antibody detection in sterile-site specimens was significantly higher than that of RT-PCR(serum/plasma:62%vs.2%,CSF:47%vs.0%)(P<0.002).In conclusion,our results suggest that stool has the highest diagnostic yield for EV-A71-infected *** stool is unavailable,rectal swabs can be collected to achieve a similar diagnostic ***,throat swabs may be useful in detecting positive *** IgM in blood or CSF is diagnostically accurate,it lacks sensitivity,missing 40%–50%of *** higher proportion of severe cases and shorter interval between onset and sampling contributed to the increase in congruency between clinical testing and the serological reference standard.

关键词： Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) Enterovirus A71(EV-A71) Sensitivity Specificity Evaluation of diagnostic methods

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Changes in human hepatic metabolism in steatosis and cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第15期23卷 2685-2695页

作者： Zoe Schofield Michelle AC Reed Philip N Newsome David H Adams Ulrich L Günther Patricia F Lalor Sci-Phy-4-health EPSRC Research and Training Centre in Physical Sciences for HealthCollege of Engineering and Physical Sciences School of Cancer Sciences at the University of Birmingham Centre for Liver research and national institute for health research(NIHR)Birmingham Liver Biomedical research unit 不详

AIMTo understand the underlying metabolic changes in human liver disease we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics analysis to human liver *** have carried out pilot study using 1H-NMR to derive metabolomic signatures from human liver from patients with steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or alcohol-related liver damage (ARLD) to identify species that can predict outcome and discriminate between alcohol and metabolic-induced liver *** in branched chain amino acid homeostasis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and purine biosynthesis intermediates along with betaine were associated with the development of cirrhosis in both ARLD and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Species such as propylene glycol and as yet unidentified moieties that allowed discrimination between NASH and ARLD samples were also detected using our *** high throughput, non-destructive technique for multiple analyte quantification in human liver specimens has potential for identification of biomarkers with prognostic and diagnostic significance.

关键词： Human Liver Metabolomics Steatosis Nuclear magnetic resonance Alcohol

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Considerations when using the activPAL monitor in field-based research with adult populations

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2017年第2期6卷 162-178页

作者： Charlotte L.Edwardson Elisabeth A.H.Winkler Danielle H.Bodicoat Tom Yates Melanie J.Davies David W.Dunstan Genevieve N.Healy diabetes research centre leicester general hospitaluniversity of leicesterLeicester LE5 4PWUK nihr leicester-loughborough diet lifestyleand physical activity biomedical research unitLeicester LE5 4PWUK school of population health the university of queenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia baker idi heart and diabetes institute MelbourneVIC 3004Australia school of exercise and nutrition sciences deakin universityBurwoodVIC 3125Australia department of epidemiology and preventive medicine monash universityMelbourneVIC 3800Australia school of sport science exercise and healththe university of western australiaPerthWA 6009Australia central clinical school monash universityMelbourneVIC 3800Australia school of physiotherapy and exercise science curtin universityPerthWA 6102Australia

research indicates that high levels of sedentary behavior(sitting or lying with low energy expenditure) are adversely associated with health. A key factor in improving our understanding of the impact of sedentary behavior(and patterns of sedentary time accumulation) on health is the use of objective measurement tools that collect date and time-stamped activity information. One such tool is the activP AL monitor. This thigh-worn device uses accelerometer-derived information about thigh position to determine the start and end of each period spent sitting/lying, standing, and stepping, as well as stepping speed, step counts, and postural transitions. The activP AL is increasingly being used within field-based research for its ability to measure sitting/lying via posture. We summarise key issues to consider when using the activP AL in physical activity and sedentary behavior field-based research with adult populations. It is intended that the findings and discussion points be informative for researchers who are currently using activP AL monitors or are intending to use them. Pre-data collection decisions, monitor preparation and distribution, data collection considerations, and manual and automated data processing possibilities are presented using examples from current literature and experiences from 2 research groups from the UK and Australia.

关键词： populations monitor lying collection accelerometer expenditure Australia stepping currently intended

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Targeting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling network in cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2013年第5期32卷 253-265页

作者： Khurum H. Khan Timothy A. Yap Li Yan David Cunningham GI and Lymphoma unit The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust Drug Development unit The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust Merck & Co. Inc. US Chinese Anti-Cancer Association School of Oncology Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Cancer Hospital

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K-AKT-mTOR) pathway is a frequently hyperactivated pathway in cancer and is important for tumor cell growth and survival. The development of targeted therapies against mTOR, a vital substrate along this pathway, led to the approval of allosteric inhibitors, including everolimus and temsirolimus, for the treatment of breast, renal, and pancreatic cancers. However, the suboptimal duration of response in unselected patients remains an unresolved issue. Numerous novel therapies against critical nodes of this pathway are therefore being actively investigated in the clinic in multiple tumour types. In this review, we focus on the progress of these agents in clinical development along with their biological rationale, the need of predictive biomarkers and various combination strategies, which will be useful in counteracting the mechanisms of resistance to this class of drugs.

关键词：信号网络癌症靶向治疗生物标志物磷酸肌醇细胞生长雷帕霉素哺乳动物

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Adolescents’ perspectives on a school-based physical activity intervention:A mixed method study

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2020年第1期9卷 28-40,F0003页

作者： Stephanie T.Jong Caroline H.D.Croxson Cornelia Guell Emma R.Lawlor Campbell Foubister Helen E.Brown Emma K.Wells Paul Wilkinson Anna Vignoles Esther M.F.van Sluijs Kirsten Corder MRC Epidemiology unit and UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity research(CEDAR) University of Cambridge School of Clinical MedicineCambridgeCB2 OQQUK Nuffield Department of Primary Care health Sciences University of OxfordOxfordOX26GGU European Centre for Environment and Human health University of Exeter Medical SchoolKnowledge SpaRoyal Cornwall HospitalTruroTRI 3HDUK Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge and Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeCB215EFUK Faculty of Education University of CambridgeCambridgeCB28PQUK

Purpose'. To examine adolescent experiences and perspectives of the GoActive intervention (ISRCTN31583496) using mixed methods processevaluation to determine satisfaction with intervention components and interpret a*dolescents experiences of the intervention process in order toprovide insights for future intervention ***'. Participants (n = 1542;13.2 土 0.4 years, mean 土 SD) provided questionnaire data at baseline (shyness, activity level) and post-intervention(intervention acceptability, satisfaction with components). Between-group differences (boys vs. girls and shy/inactive vs. others) weretested with linear regression models, accounting for school clustering. Data from 16 individual interviews (shy/inactive) and 11 focus groupswith 48 participants (mean = 4;range 2—7) were thematically coded. Qualitative and quantitative data were merged in an integrative mixedmethods convergence matrix, which denoted convergence and dissonance across ***'. Effect sizes for quantitative results were small and may not represent substantial between-group differences. Boys (vs. girls) preferredclass-based sessions (0 = 0.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1—0.3);qualitative data suggested that this was because boys preferred competition,which was supported quantitatively (0 = 0.2, 95%CI: 0.1-0.3). Shy/inactive students did not enjoy the competition (0 = -0.3, 95%CI:—0.5 to —0.1). Boys enjoyed trying new activities more (0 = 0.1, 95%CI: 0.1 -0.2);qualitative data indicated a desire to try new activities acrossall subgroups but identified barriers to choosing unfamiliar activities with self-imposed choice restriction leading to boredom. Qualitative datahighlighted critique of mentorship;adolescents liked the idea, but older mentors did not meet ***. We interpreted adolescent perspectives of intervention components and implementation to provide insights into future complexinterventions aimed at increasing young people's physical activity in s

关键词： Adolescent Intervention Mixed methods Physical activity Process evaluation

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Complete coverage of reduced graphene oxide on silicon dioxide substrates

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第8期23卷 143-146页

作者： Huang Jingfeng Melanie Larisika Chen Hu Steve Faulkner Myra A.Nimmo Christoph Nowak Alfred Tok Iing Yoong School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University institute for Sports research Nanyang Technological University Austrian institute of Technology (AIT) GmbH Center for Biomimetic Sensor Science School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences Loughborough University

Reduced graphene oxide （RGO） has the advantage of an aqueous and industrial-scale production route. No other approaches can rival the RGO field effect transistor platform in terms of cost （〈US$1） and portability （millimetre scale）. However the large deviations in the electrical resistivity of this fabricated material prevent it from being used widely. After an ethanol chemical vapor deposition （CVD） post-treatment to graphene oxide with ethanol, carbon islets are deposited preferentially at the edges of existing flakes. With a 2-h treatment, the standard deviation in electrical resistance of the treated chips can be reduced by 99.95%. Thus this process could enable RGO to be used in practical electronic devices.

关键词： graphene oxide reduced graphene oxide graphene growth field effect transistor

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