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Genetic and epigenetic alterations associated with gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse neonatal outcomes

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 6-20页

作者： Amreen Shamsad Tanu Gautam Renu Singh Monisha Banerjee Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of LucknowLucknow 226007Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is a metabolic disorder,recognised during 24-28 weeks of *** is linked with adverse newborn outcomes such as macrosomia,premature delivery,metabolic disorder,cardiovascular,and neurological *** investigations have focused on the correlation of genetic factors such asβ-cell function and insulin secretary genes(transcription factor 7 like 2,potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily q member 1,adipo-nectin etc.)on maternal metabolism during gestation leading to *** alterations like DNA methylation,histone modification,and miRNA expression can influence gene expression and play a dominant role in feto-maternal meta-bolic *** between genes and environment,resulting in differ-ential gene expression patterns may lead to *** suggested that GDM women are more susceptible to insulin resistance,which alters intrauterine surroundings,resulting hyperglycemia and *** modi-fications in genes affecting neuroendocrine activities,and metabolism,increase the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in *** is currently no treatment or effective preventive method for GDM,since the molecular processes of insulin resistance are not well *** present review was undertaken to un-derstand the pathophysiology of GDM and its effects on adverse neonatal *** addition,the study of genetic and epigenetic alterations will provide lead to researchers in the search for predictive molecular biomarkers.

关键词： Gene expression Gestational diabetes mellitus Feto-maternal outcome Epigenetic alteration Molecular biomarkers

Antitumorigenic Potential of Diallyl Sulfide in Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Bearing Mice

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2002年第1期15卷 41-47页

作者： ShukY ArorA EnvironmentalCarcinogenesisDivision IndustrialToxicologyResearchCentreM.G.MargP.O.Box80Lucknow－226001India EnvironmentalCarcinogenesisDivision IndustrialToxicologyResearchCentreM.G.MargP.O.Box80

Objective To study the effects of diallyl sulfide (DAS), an organosulfur compoundpresent in garlic (Allium sativum), on the life span of ehrlich ascites (EA) tumor bearingSwiss albino mice, cytotoxicity and angiogenesis. Methods EA tumor cells weremaintained by serial transplantation in peritoneal cavity of male Swiss albino mice. EAtumor cells were inoculated at concentrations of 1× 106 EA cells, 2.5× 106 EA cells and5× 106 EA cells. DAS was given in 0.2 ml normal saline i. p., daily for seven days followedone hour later by inoculation with EA cells in respective groups. Results The resultsrevealed that administration of DAS increased the life span of EA tumor bearing animals bymore than 25 percent. A significant dose dependant cytotoxic response of DAS was alsoobserved on EA tumor cells. DAS was also found to inhibit the angiogenesis in EA tumorbearing mice in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion It is suggested that DAS may exertits anticarcinogenic effects by more than one mechanism and is a useful chemopreventiveand chemotherapeutic agent.

关键词： Garlic Life span Ehrlich ascites EA tumor cells Cytotoxicity Angiogenesis

Detection of Leptospirosis Bacteria in Rodent Urine by Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Using Graphene

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Photonic Sensors 2021年第3期11卷 305-313页

作者： Surjeet Raikwar Y.K.Prajapati D.K.Srivastava J.B.Maurya J.P.Saini Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering and TechnologyJhansiUttar Pradesh284128India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadPrayagrajUttar Pradesh211004India Netaji Subhas University of Technology DwarkaNew Delhi110078India

In this paper, a graphene-coated surface plasmon resonance sensor is designed for the examination of Rodent urine which is responsible for Leptospirosis bacteria. Rodent urine is considered as sensing medium. Graphene surface is activated by phosphate-buffered saline solution for better attachment of Leptospirosis bacteria on its surface. Oliguria and Polyuria are the Rodent urine with high and low concentrations of Leptospirosis bacteria, respectively. The transfer matrix method is used for the formulation of reflection intensity of p-polarized light. The reflectance curves for angular interrogation are plotted and the results are obtained in terms of sensitivity, detection accuracy, and quality factor. The significantly high sensitivity and detection accuracy for Oliguria distinguishes it from Polyuria having lower sensitivity.

关键词： Surface plasmon resonance sensor active metal layer Leptospirosis bacteria

Oxidative Stressand Antioxidant Responses in Young Leaves of Mulberry Plants Grown Under Nitrogen, Phosphorus or Potassium Deficiency

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第3期49卷 313-322页

作者： Rajesh Kumar Tewari Praveen Kumar Parma Nand Sharma Department of Botany University of LucknowLucknow226007India

The aim of this study was to associate the generation of reactive oxygen species （ROS） with Induced antloxidant responses and disturbed cellular redox environment in the nitrogen-（N）, phosphorus-（P）, or potassium-（K） deftcient mulberry （Morus alba L. var. Kanva-2） plants. The indicators of oxidative stress and cellular redox environment and antioxldant defense-related parameters were analyzed. Oeficlency of N, P or K suppressed growth, accelerated senescence, and decreased concentrations of chloroplastic pigments and glutathione. Lipid peroxidation and activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase were also increased in these N, P, or K deprived plants. Concentration of hydrogen peroxide Increased in plants deficient in N or P. Oeficlency of N or P particularly altered the cellular redox environment as indicated by changes in the redox couples, namely ascorbic acid/total ascorbate decreased in P-, glutathione sulfydryl/total glutathione decreased in N-, and Increased in P-deficient plants. Activity staining of native gels for superoxide dismutase revealed Increased activity as Indicated by Increased intensity of bands, and induction of few new isoforms in P- and K-deficient plants. Oifferences in the patterns of superoxide dismutase isoforms and redox status （ascorbic acid/total ascorbate and glutathlone sulfydryl/total glutathione） Indicate that N-, P-, or K-deficiency altered antioxidant responses to varying extents in mulberry plants.

关键词： antioxidants potassium-deficiency lipid peroxidation Morus alba mulberry nitrogen-deficiency oxidative stress phosphorus-deficiency reactive oxygen species

Preparation,crystallization,microstructure and dielectric properties of lead bismuth titanate borosilicate glass ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2014年第3期3卷 194-206页

作者： Chandkiram RGAUTAM Abhishek MADHESHIYA Ranabrata MAZUMDER Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramic Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of LucknowLucknow 226007India Department of Ceramic Engineering National Institute of TechnologyRouerkela 769008India

Various bulk and transparent glasses were prepared by rapid melt quenching technique in the glass system 55[(Pb_(x)Bi_(1-x))TiO_(3)]-44[2Si_(O)2B_(2)O_(3)]-La2O3(x=0-0.7).The X-ray diffraction(XRD)studies of the glass samples confirmed the amorphous *** differential thermal analyses(DTA)were carried out from room temperature to 900℃with a heating rate of 10℃/*** DTA patterns of the samples showed one or more exothermic sharp peaks shifting towards lower temperature side with increasing concentration of bismuth oxide(BiO).On the basis of DTA results,the solid solution of bismuth titanum oxide(Bi_(2)Ti_(2)O_(7))/lead bismuth titanium oxide(Pb3Bi4Ti6O21)was precipitated in borosilicate glassy matrix as a major *** glasses were subjected to 4 h and 8 h heat treatment schedules to convert into glass *** analysis of these glass ceramic samples showed that the major crystalline phase of the entire glass ceramic samples with 0≤x≤0.5 is found to have cubic crystal structure,while it is tetragonal for glass ceramic sample with x=*** scanning electron microscopy(SEM)micrographs indicated the uniform distribution of Bi_(2)Ti_(2)O_(7)and Pb3Bi4Ti6O21 crystallites in the glassy matrix.

关键词： lead bismuth titanate differential thermal analysis(DTA) crystallization scanning electron microscopy(SEM) dielectric behavior

Role of Different Moisture Sources in Driving the Western Himalayan Past-glacier Advances

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2023年第3期6卷 1-19页

作者： Prachita Arora Sheikh Nawaz Ali Anupam Sharma Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences Lucknow226007India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research Ghaziabad201002India

The fragmented pattern and the rapidly declining preservation of older glacial features/evidences limits the precision,with which glacial chronologies can be *** challenge is exacerbated by the scarcity of datable material and limitations of dating ***,the preserved glacial landforms have been fairly utilized to establish glacial chronologies from different sectors of the Indian *** existing Himalayan glacial chrono-stratigraphies have revealed that in a single valley,past glacial advances rarely surpass four ***,local and regional glacial chronologies must be synthesized to understand glacial dynamics and potential forcing *** research presents an overview of glacier responses to climate variations revealed by glacial chrono-stratigraphies in the western Indian Himalayan region over the Quaternary(late).The synthesis demonstrated that,although the glacial advances were sporadic,glaciers in western Himalayas generally advanced during the Marine isotope stage(MIS)-3/4,MIS-2,late glacial,Younger Dryas(YD)and Holocene *** Holocene has witnessed multiple glacial advances and the scatter is *** previous glacial research revealed that Himalayan glaciers were out of phase with the global last glacial maximum(gLGM),weak Indian Summer Monsoon(ISM)has been implicated(ISM was reduced by roughly 20%).Recent research,however,has shown that gLGM glaciation responded to the global cooling associated with the enhanced mid-latitude westerlies(MLW).Further,the magnitude of gLGM glacier advance varied along and across the Himalayas particularly the transitional valleys located between the ISM and MLW *** is also evident that both the ISM and MLW have governed the late Quaternary glacial advances in the western Himalayan ***,the responses of glaciers to ISM changes are more *** insights gained from this synthesis will help us understand the dynamics of glacier response to climate

关键词： Glacial chrono-stratigraphy Dating technique limits Climate drivers Western Himalaya India

Pharmacogenetic studies update in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2016年第15期7卷 302-315页

作者： Shalini Singh Kauser Usman Monisha Banerjee Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory Department of Zoology University of Lucknow Lucknow 226007 India Department of Medicine King George’s Medical University Lucknow 226003 India

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) is a silent progressive polygenic metabolic disorder resulting from ineffective insulin cascading in the body. World-wide, about 415 million people are suffering from T2DM with a projected rise to 642 million in 2040. T2DM is treated with several classes of oral antidiabetic drugs(OADs) viz. biguanides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, meglitinides, etc. Treatment strategies for T2DM are to minimize long-term micro and macro vascular complications by achieving an optimized glycemic control. Genetic variations in the human genome not only disclose the risk of T2DM development but also predict the personalized response to drug therapy. Inter-individual variability in response to OADs is due to polymorphisms in genes encoding drug receptors, transporters, and metabolizing enzymes for example, genetic variants in solute carrier transporters(SLC22A1, SLC22A2, SLC22A3, SLC47A1 and SLC47A2) are actively involved in glycemic/HbA1c management of metformin. In addition, CYP gene encoding Cytochrome P450 enzymes also play a crucial role with respect to metabolism of drugs. Pharmacogenetic studies provide insights on the relationship between individual genetic variants and variable therapeutic outcomes of various OADs. Clinical utility of pharmacogenetic study is to predict the therapeutic dose of various OADs on individual basis. Pharmacogenetics therefore, is a step towards personalized medicine which will greatly improve the efficacy of diabetes treatment.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Pharmacogenetics Genetic variants Oral antidiabetic drugs Personalized medicine

Transplantation of engineered exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells ameliorate diabetic peripheral neuropathy under electrical stimulation

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第8期6卷 2231-2249页

作者： Anamika Singh Alok Raghav Parvaiz Ahmad Shiekh Ashok Kumar Biomaterial and Tissue Engineering Group Department of Biological Sciences and BioengineeringIndian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur208016UPIndia Centre for Nanosciences Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur208016UPIndia Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KanpurKanpur208016UPIndia

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)is a long-term complication associated with nerve dysfunction and uncontrolled *** spite of new drug discoveries,development of effective therapy is much needed to cure ***,we have developed a combinatorial approach to provide biochemical and electrical cues,considered to be important for nerve *** derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells(BMSCs)were fused with polypyrrole nanoparticles(PpyNps)containing liposomes to deliver both the cues in a single delivery *** developed DPN rat model and injected intramuscularly the fused exosomal system to understand its long-term therapeutic *** found that the fused system along with electrical stimulation normalized the nerve conduction velocity(57.60±0.45 m/s)and compound muscle action potential(16.96±0.73 mV)similar to healthy control(58.53±1.10 m/s;18.19±1.45 mV).Gastrocnemius muscle morphology,muscle mass,and integrity were recovered after ***,we also observed paracrine effect of delivered exosomes in controlling hyperglycemia and loss in body weight and also showed attenuation of damage to the tissues such as the pancreas,kidney,and *** work provides a promising effective treatment and also contribute cutting edge therapeutic approach for the treatment of DPN.

关键词： Exosomes Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells Polypyrrole Diabetes mellitus Diabetic peripheral neuropathy

环境高温条件下收获甘蔗酸性转化酶和葡聚糖蔗糖酶活性表现及其与糖分降低的关系

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广西农业科学 2010年第2期41卷 108-112页

作者： Priyanka Singh S.Solomon 印度国家甘蔗研究所植物生理生化研究室印度勒克瑙226002

甘蔗收获后蔗糖分降低是蔗糖加工单位的主要问题之一,特别是那些在高温下持续压榨的地区。通过研究评估榨季后期甘蔗收获后蔗糖分的损失量及其与酸性转化酶和葡聚糖蔗糖酶活性的关系,结果表明,甘蔗收获后,随着这两种酶活性的上升,甘蔗... 详细信息

甘蔗收获后蔗糖分降低是蔗糖加工单位的主要问题之一,特别是那些在高温下持续压榨的地区。通过研究评估榨季后期甘蔗收获后蔗糖分的损失量及其与酸性转化酶和葡聚糖蔗糖酶活性的关系,结果表明,甘蔗收获后,随着这两种酶活性的上升,甘蔗的商品蔗糖急剧下降。刚收获的甘蔗商品蔗糖值为10.88,在收获48、240h后,则分别降低2.27、6.59个单位,10d后蔗糖分降低约60%。对收获的甘蔗淋水并覆盖蔗叶,其蔗糖分降低约44%,而经化学物质处理并覆盖蔗叶的甘蔗蔗糖分减少27%。在甘蔗贮放期间,其蔗糖酸性转化酶和葡聚糖蔗糖酶活性明显增加。经化学处理并覆盖蔗叶后,收获甘蔗的两种酶活性明显下降。研究结果还表明,通过应用抗菌和抗转化化学物质配方具有使后期收获的甘蔗蔗糖分降低到最小的可能性。

关键词：商品蔗糖酸性转化酶葡聚糖蔗糖酶榨季后期